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pharmacological therapy for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2023年第2期9卷 82-89页

作者： Ruirui Duan Baicun Li Ting Yang Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina National Center for Respiratory Medicine BeijingChina National Center for Respiratory Medicine Laboratories BeijingChina Institute of Respiratory Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases BeijingChina

In recent years,emphasis has shifted from preventing and treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)to early prevention,early treatment,and disease stabilization,with the main goal of improving patients’quality of life and reducing the frequency of acute exacerbations.This review summarizes pharmacological therapies for stable COPD.

关键词： bronchodilator chronic obstructive pulmonary disease inhaled corticosteroid pharmacological therapy

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Current and emerging pharmacological therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第42期23卷 7495-7504页

作者： Ahad Eshraghian Gastroenterohepatology Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

The main treatment of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is life style modification including weight reduction and dietary regimen.Majority of patients are safely treated with this management and pharmacologic interventions are not recommended. However, a subgroup of NAFLD patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) who cannot achieve goals of life style modification may need pharmacological therapy. One major obstacle is measurement of histological outcome by liver biopsy which is an invasive method and is not recommended routinely in these patients. Several medications, mainly targeting baseline mechanism of NAFLD, have been investigated in clinical trials for treatment of NASH with promising results. At present, only pioglitazone acting as insulin sensitizing agent and vitamin E as an antioxidant have been recommended for treatment of NASH by international guidelines. Lipid lowering agents including statins and fibrates, pentoxifylline, angiotensin receptor blockers, ursodeoxycholic acid, probiotics and synbiotics are current agents with beneficial effects for treatment of NASH but have not been approved yet. Several emerging medications are in development for treatment of NASH. Obeticholic acid, liraglutide, elafibranor, cenicriviroc and aramchol have been tested in clinical trials or are completing trials. Here in, current and upcoming medications with promising results in clinical trial for treatment of NAFLD were reviewed.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Vitamin E Pioglitazone pharmacological therapy Obeticholic acid

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pharmacological treatments of presbyopia:a review of modern perspectives

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Eye and Vision 2017年第1期4卷 14-17页

作者： Antonio Renna Jorge L.Alió Luis Felipe Vejarano Vissum Alicante AlicanteSpain Studi Medici Renna MelendugnoLecceItaly Universidad Miguel Hernandez Calle Cabañal 103016 AlicanteSpain Vissum Instituto Oftalmologico de Alicante AlicanteSpain Fundación Oftalmológica Vejarano PopayanColombia Universidad del Cauca PopayanColombia

Introduction:Presbyopia affects people from the 4^(th) decade of life and is characterized by accommodative loss that leads to negative effects on vision-targeted health-related quality of life.A non-invasive pharmacological treatment providing near-lenses independence would be a truly groundbreaking approach in the treatment of presbyopia.The purpose of this review is to analyze the emerging pharmacological solutions proposed to address presbyopia.Results:Several ophthalmic eye drops compounds solutions have been described in peer-reviewed papers or presented in ophthalmological tabloids and congresses.Each topical treatment deals with drug combinations aimed to modify one or more factors involved in the accommodative process and have been proposed to be instilled either monocularly or binocularly.It remains unclear how much each drug in the final combined form is involved in the achievement of the outcome and contributes to it.Conclusion:Despite the lack of a completely well understood mechanism,pharmacological control of presbyopia seems to be a possible and very attractive alternative for presbyopic patients.The studies mentioned in this review are to be considered pilot investigations as they involve either a small number of subjects or are single case series.Complete studies are needed to confirm which will be the more effective pharmacological compound for the treatment of presbyopia.

关键词： Presbyopia Ageing Near vision Glasses Multifocality Accommodation pharmacological therapy Eyedrops

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The novel pharmacological treatment in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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South China Journal of Cardiology 2017年第3期18卷 236-242页

作者：张梦雨杨俊华 Department of Echocardiography Cardiovascular MedicineThe First Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University

Background Hypertrophic cardiaomyopathy（HCM） is characterized by asymmetric myocardial hypertrophy, mainly involving ventricular septum. Current treatment methods for HCM include drugs, interventional and surgical procedures. The β-blockers and calcium antagonists-verapamil, which increase the diastolic filling time and improve ventricular diastolic function, are most commonly used. However, there are some limitations and side effects of these drugs. This article summarizes the current advances in drug therapy for HCM and reviews the latest literatures, clinical guidelines and the current clinical most commonly used treatment of HCM drugs and the latest research progress. While improving clinical symptoms of HCM, the drugs could reverse myocardial hypertrophy, reduce the pressure gradient and improve the prognosis need further in-depth study.

关键词： hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pharmacological therapy clinical trial

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