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Risk assessment and ranking of pesticide residues in Chinese pears

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第11期14卷 2328-2339页

作者： LI Zhi-xia NIE Ji-yun YAN Zhen XU Guo-feng LI Hai-fei KUANG Li-xue PAN Li-gang XIE Han-zhong WANG Cheng LIU Chuan-de ZHAO Xu-bo GUO Yong-ze Institute of Pomology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng)Ministry of Agriculture Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing Zhengzhou Institute of Pomology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Northwest A&F University Institute of Tianjin Agriculture Quality Standard and Testing Technology

The presence of pesticide residues in pears is a serious health concern. This study presents the results from a 2-year investigation （2013-2014） that used gas chromatography, GS/MS and UPLC/MS-MS to measure the levels of 104 pesti- cides in 310 pear samples. In 93.2% of the samples, 43 pesticides were detected, of which the maximum residue levels （MRLs） were exceeded in 2.6% of the samples. Multiple residues （two to eight compounds） were present in 69.7% of the samples; one sample contained nine pesticides and one sample contained 10. Only 6.8% of the samples did not contain residues. To assess the health risks, the pesticide residue data have been combined with daily pear consumption data for children and adult populations. A deterministic model was used to assess the chronic and acute exposures based on the Joint Meeting on pesticide residues （JMPR） method. A potential acute risk was demonstrated for children in the case of bifenthrin, which was found to be present at 105.36% of the acute reference dose （ARfD） value. The long- term exposure of the Chinese consumer to pesticide residues through the consumption of raw pears was far below the acceptable daily intake （ADI） criterion. Additionally, the matrix ranking scheme was used to classify risk subgroups of pesticides and pear samples. In general, 95.5% of samples were deemed to be safe and nine pesticides were classified as being of a relatively high risk. The findings indicated that the occurrence of pesticide residues in pears should not be considered a serious public health problem. Nevertheless, a more detailed study is required for vulnerable consumer groups, especially children. Continuous monitoring of pesticides in pears and tighter regulation of pesticide residue standards are recommended.

关键词： pear pesticide residue risk assessment intake risk ranking

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Management of pesticide residues in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第11期14卷 2319-2327页

作者： CHEN Zeng-long DONG Feng-shou XU Jun LIU Xin-gang ZHENG Yong-quan Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

This paper reviewed management of pesticide residues in China including laws and regulations, the supervision system, the standard system, and the quality and safety of agricultural products. The process of establishment and internationalization of standards for pesticide residues were also discussed. Results indicate that the progress of the management of pesticide residues has been steadily made in China. However, the following aspects which refer to updates to regulations, supervising efficiency, standard system, risk assessment, international cooperation and communication, should be further improved. China should draw lessons from international experience, and then establish its own management system, which focuses on pesticides controls by strictly following relevant laws and technical standards to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products.

关键词： pesticide residue standard system supervision system development trend

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Analysis of pesticide residues in Some Market Garden Crops in Santa, North West Cameroon

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2022年第5期13卷 331-343页

作者： Taku Sylvie Nteping Mofor Nelson Alakeh Njoyim Estella Buleng Tamungang Tita Margaret Awah Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science The University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture National Higher Polytechnic Institute (NAHPI) The University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon Department of Biological Science Faculty of Science The University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon

The increased use of pesticides in crop production, especially in Santa, has left consumers with great fear and uncertainty regarding the fate of residues after consumption in the human body. This study was aimed at performing a multi-residue analysis of crop samples to detect and quantify pesticide residues present, and thus determine their level of contamination. Twelve (12) crop samples (4 samples each of Solanum tuberosum (Irish potato), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), Capsicum annum (sweet pepper) and Apium graveolens (celery)), were randomly collected from four villages in Santa. The samples were analyzed using the QuEChERS Buffered AOAC 2007.01 method. The results showed the presence of pesticide residues in 58.3% of the samples. Cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos insecticides were detected, though cypermethrin was found in traces. After quantification, the concentration of chlorpyrifos was determined to be far above the CODEX Maximum residue Limits (MRLs) in 28.6% of the samples. Samples with this high concentration of chlorpyrifos were: tomato from Pinyin and Baligham (2.0 and 1.8 μg/g respectively), whereas the Codex MRLs for tomato is 1.0 μg/g. This study raised concerns on the contamination of some garden crops by pesticide residues and calls for the assessment of the health situation of consumers and the analysis of pesticide residues in drinking water resources in this area.

关键词： pesticide residue Market Garden Crops Contamination Santa

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Temporal-spatial analysis of cyromazine in cowpea using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry coupled with mass spectrometry imaging

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Food Quality and Safety 2023年第3期7卷 466-473页

作者： Xuemei Tang Congling Huang Jianxiang Huang Jiale Wang Zhiting Chen Yan Chen Zemiao Xiao Kai Wan Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product Safety and Quality(Guangzhou)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNational Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing(Pesticide Residues)GuangzhouChina

Background:Cowpea(Vigna unguiculata ***.)is an economically important *** is nutritious and popular with ***,it has been listed as one of the agricultural products of critical concern about safety in China and cyromazine is the major risk ***:This study analyzed the dissipation and permeation kinetics of cyromazine residue in cowpea,to offer a scientific basis for the rational use of pesticide and ensure the safety of agricultural *** and methods:The dissipation and residue level of the systemic insecticide cyromazine on cowpea under field and stored conditions were ***,the spatial distribution of cyromazine was studied using mass spectrometry imaging to visualize the dynamic processes of permeation and migration in the tissues post pesticide ***:The dissipation processing of cyromazine in cowpea was shown to follow the first-order kinetics and half-life was 7.76 d in the *** cowpea,the permeation and migration rate of cyromazine was faster than that in kidney beans and accumulation was mainly in the *** is not safe to apply cyromazine to cowpeas with reference to the application method on kidney ***:These findings present vital data for the determination of risks linked with cowpea consumption and pesticide intake.

关键词： Cyromazine cowpea mass spectrometry imaging pesticide residue

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Regional selection of insecticides and fungal biopesticides to control aphids and thrips and improve the forage quality of alfalfa crops

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第1期22卷 185-194页

作者： PAN Fan GAO Li-jie ZHU Kai-hui DU Gui-lin ZHU Meng-meng ZHAO Li GAO Yu-lin TU Xiong-bing ZHANG Ze-hua State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193P.R.China College of Animal Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001P.R.China National Animal and Husbandry Service Beijing 100125P.R.China Institute of Plant Protection Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesYinchuan 750002P.R.China College of Agriculture Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052P.R.China

The efficacies of biological and conventional chemical insecticides against two major insect pests of alfalfa(aphids and thrips)were compared in three sites across China’s alfalfa *** addition,the persistence of the residues of chemical insecticides in alfalfa and their influence on the quality of alfalfa hay were *** varied among the different biological and chemical *** chemical insecticides were significantly more effective than biopesticides in a short *** efficacy period of biopesticides was significantly longer than that of chemical insecticides,and the corrected mortality rate of aphids in all regions was above 50%at 14 days after *** analysis of pesticide residues showed that the residual doses of all the pesticides were within the allowed ranges after the safe *** acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents in alfalfa hay were higher and the protein content was lower in chemical insecticide treatments than in biopesticide treatments in *** relative feeding value of alfalfa hay treated with Metarhizium anisopliae IPP330189 was the highest among the *** with chemical insecticides,the yield of alfalfa hay was higher in the biopesticides *** show a stronger control effect on insect populations and also a better improvement in the quality of alfalfa hay than chemical *** study provides a basis for exploring and developing a comprehensive control regime for alfalfa insect pests in the different alfalfa-growing regions in China,and for reducing chemical insecticide usage and improving forage quality.

关键词： insect pest control pollution free control pesticide residue aphids thrips

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Study on Detection of pesticide residues on Winter Jujube Surface by Near-infrared Spectroscopy Combined with PLS and SPA

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2018年第5期7卷 222-226,228页

作者： Xiao ZHANG Nannan ZHANG College of Information Engineering Tarim University Agricultural Information Research Center in Southern Region of Xinjiang Agricultural Information Institute of CAAS Farmland Irrigation Research Institute CAAS/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and RegulationMinistry of Agriculture

With fresh winter jujube from the southern region of Xinjiang as the object of study, the method for detecting pesticide residues on winter jujube surface by near-infrared spectroscopy （NIR） combined with successive projections algorithm （SPA） and partial least squares （PLS） was investigated. The absorbance information of winter jujube sample surface was obtained through NIR technology, for the building of a full-wave band PLS model of fresh winter jujube sample sprayed with different concentrations of pesticide （taking chlorpyrifos as an example） as well as an SPA-PLS model which was built with the characteristic wavelengths extracted with SPA as the input variables for PLS, and the prediction precision of the two kinds of models was compared. The model built with the five characteristic waveslengths extected by SPA method only used the variables 0.32% of all the variables in the full wave band, but its accuracy and precision were better than the model built with the full wave band. It is feasible to build a model for different concentrations of chlorpyrifos on fresh winter jujube surfarce by NIR technology combined with SPA and PLS, and SPA method could simplify the complexity of the model and improve the precision and stablity of the model.

关键词： Near infrared spectroscopy pesticide residue SPA Winter jujube PLS

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蔬菜中25种农药残留的LC-MS/MS-QTRAP定量定性同时分析方法研究

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分析测试学报 2007年第Z1期26卷 244-247页

作者：赵贵平蒋宏键美国应用生物系统公司-北京办事处北京100027

A high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry with linear trap detection method for the quantify and determination of a lot of pesticide residues in vegetable is described. The pesticide were extracted from more vegetable(such as new ginger,garlic,shallot) with acetonitrile and the extract purified by SPE(solid phase extract). To set up EPI(enhance product ion) MS ***-MS/MS limit of detection (LOD) based on a signal/noise ratio of 3,was estimated to be 1 μg/kg for all pesticides. The overall average recovery in twenty-five compounds spiked vegetable was 70%-115%. LC-MS/MS-QTRAP has shown itself to be a senitive,selective and rapid method and was successfully used for the quantify and confirmation analysis of more pesticides in more difference vegetable samples for regulatory purposes.

关键词： LC-MS/MS-QTRAP Vegetable pesticide residue SPE MS Library

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串联质谱法在农药残留分析中的应用

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分析测试学报 2004年第Z1期23卷 265-267页

作者：李晓娟马晓东佟玲中国农业大学应用化学系北京100094

　　农药残留问题已经成为全球关注的热点问题,尤其是农产品和食品中的农药残留更受到各国政府和公众的普遍关注.快速、准确、灵敏的农药残留分析和检测技术已经成为保障食品安全的有效手段,是当前农药残留分析研究和发展的方向.……

关键词： pesticide residue Tandem MS

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Organochlorine pesticides in soils under different land usage in the Taihu Lake region, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第5期19卷 584-590页

作者： WANG Fang JIANG Xin BIAN Yong-rong YAO Fen-xia GAO Hong-jian YU Gui-fen Jean Charles MUNCH Reiner SCHROLL State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Institute of Soil Ecology GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health Neuherberg 85764 Germany

A field study was conducted in the Taihu Lake region, China in 2004 to reveal the organochlorine pesticide concentrations in soils after the ban of these substances in the year 1983. Thirteen organochlorine pesticides （OCPs） were analyzed in soils from paddy field, tree land and fallow land. Total organochlorine pesticide residues were higher in agricultural soils than in uncultivated fallow land soils. Among all the pesticides, ΣDDX （DDD, DDE and DDT） had the highest concentration for all the soil samples, ranging from 3.10 ng/g to 166.55 ng/g with a mean value of 57.04 ng/g and followed by ΣHCH, ranging from 0.73 ng/g to 60.97 ng/g with a mean value of 24.06 ng/g. Dieldrin, endrin, HCB and α-endosulfan were also found in soils with less than 15 ng/g. Ratios of p,p＇-（DDD＋DDE）/DDT in soils under three land usages were： paddy field 〉 tree land 〉 fallow land, indicating that land usage inlfuenced the degradation of DDT in soils. Ratios of p,p＇-（DDD＋DDE）/DDT 〉1, showing aged residues of DDTs in soils of the Taihu Lake region. The results were discussed with data from a former study that showed very low actual concentrations of HCH and DDT in soils in the Taihu Lake region, but according to the chemical half-lives and their concentrations in soils in 1980s, the concentration of DDT in soils seemed to be underestimated. In any case our data show that the ban on the use of HCH and DDT resulted in a tremendous reduction of these pesticide residues in soils, but there are still high amounts of pesticide residues in soils, which need more remediation processes.

关键词： DDT HCH land-use pesticide residue degradation

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Degradation of Chlorpyrifos and Fipronil in Rice from Farm to Fork and Risk Assessment

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第5期9卷 754-763页

作者： ZHANG Cun-zheng ZHANG Xin-ming TIAN Zi-hua HE Dan-jun LIU Xian-jin Institute of Food Safety Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Food Safety Monitoring and Management Ministry of Agriculture/Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province - State Key Laboratory Breeding Base Nanjing 210014 P.R. China Nanjing Centre of Inspection and Testing for Agricultural Products Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing 210036 P.R.China Nanjing Exit-Entry Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Nanjing 210003 P.R.China Taicang Centre of Inspection and Testing for Agricultural Products Taicang 215412 P.R.China

Degradation of pesticide residues （chlorpyrifos and fipronil） in rice from farm to fork and risk assessment for human health were studied to reveal the magnitude of risks faced by different populations of interest, so that appropriate measures can be taken to control the risks, and to refine and update the human health risk assessment data while helping to determine the maximum residue level （MRL） value and harvest interval. Different dosages and treatments were used in field trials for the harvest residue test. residue levels of postharvest-applied chlorpyrifos and fipronil during storage, exposure to sunlight, washing and boiling processes （boiled rice） were investigated for brown rice. The dietary exposure evaluation model （DEEM） was employed to estimate acute and chronic risks faced by different populations of interest. Percent of reference dose （POR） and margin of exposure （MOE） were calculated. A positive correlation between pesticide residues and the dosage and application frequency of pesticide was found in the field trials. Risk quotients indicate that multiple applications and double dosages of chlorpyrifos increase the risks to the entire population and prolong exposures to toxic concentrations. The concentration of pesticide residues decreased as a function of time, after sunlight exposure, storage, washing, and boiling processes. 91.6 and 96.16% degradations were achieved at the end of the experimental period for fipronil and chlorpyrifos, respectively. The boiling process played an important role in the degradation of these pesticides. The result of risk assessment to human health showed that harvest residues of chlorpyrifos in rice and acute dietary risks of chlopyrifos were of concern. The acute dietary （food only） risk estimated for chlorpyrifos as percent of acute population adjusted dose （aPAD） was frequently over 100%. The risk faced by boys under the age of 14 was higher than that for girls of the same age. For the subpopulation above age 14, th

关键词： rice risk assessment pesticide residue chlorpyrifos fipronil

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