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Differential gene and protein expression between rat tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve during wallerian degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第12期14卷 2183-2191页

作者： Yao-Fa Lin Zheng Xie Jun Zhou Gang Yin Hao-Dong Lin Department of Orthopedic Surgery Changzheng Hospital the Second Military Medical University Shanghai China Department of Orthopedic Surgery Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China

Wallerian degeneration and nerve regeneration after injury are complex processes involving many genes, proteins and cytokines. After different peripheral nerve injuries the regeneration rate can differ. Whether this is caused by differential expression of genes and proteins during Wallerian degeneration remains unclear. The right tibial nerve and the common peroneal nerve of the same rat were exposed and completely cut through and then sutured in the same horizontal plane. On days 1, 7, 14, and 21 after surgery, 1–2 cm of nerve tissue distal to the suture site was dissected out from the tibial and common peroneal nerves. The differences in gene and protein expression during Wallerian degeneration of the injured nerves were then studied by RNA sequencing and proteomic techniques. In the tibial and common peroneal nerves, there were 1718, 1374, 1187, and 2195 differentially expressed genes, and 477, 447, 619, and 495 differentially expressed proteins on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 after surgery, respectively. Forty-seven pathways were activated during Wallerian degeneration. Three genes showing significant differential expression by RNA sequencing (Hoxd4, Lpcat4 and Tbx1) were assayed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RNA sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results were consistent. Our findings showed that expression of genes and proteins in injured tibial and the common peroneal nerves were significantly different during Wallerian degeneration at different time points. This suggests that the biological processes during Wallerian degeneration are different in different peripheral nerves after injury. The procedure was approved by the Animal Experimental Ethics Committee of the Second Military Medical University, China (approval No. CZ20160218) on February 18, 2016.

关键词： nerve regeneration peripheral nerves peripheral nerve injuries Wallerian degeneration tibial nerve common peroneal nerve RNA sequencing proteomic real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction neural regeneration

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Fresh human amniotic membrane effectively promotes the repair of injured common peroneal nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第12期14卷 2199-2208页

作者： Zhong-Yuan Zhang Jin Yang Zhen-Hai Fan Da-Li Wang Yu-Ying Wang Tao Zhang Li-Mei Yu Chang-Yin Yu Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou Province China Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu Chengdu Sichuan Province China The Team of Scientific and Technological Innovation Talents on The Basic and Clinical Research of Amniotic Membrane and Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Guizhou Province Zunyi Guizhou Province China Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou Province China Department of Neurology The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou Province China

Suture and autologous nerve transplantation are the primary therapeutic measures for completely severed nerves. However, imbalances in the microenvironment and adhesion of surrounding tissues can affect the quality of nerve regeneration and repair. Previous studies have shown that human amniotic membrane can promote the healing of a variety of tissues. In this study, the right common peroneal nerve underwent a 5-mm transection in rats. Epineural nerve repair was performed using 10/0 non-absorbable surgical suture. The repair site was wrapped with a two-layer amniotic membrane with α-cyanoacrylate rapid medical adhesive after suture. Hindlimb motor function was assessed using footprint analysis. Conduction velocity of the common peroneal nerve was calculated by neural electrical stimulation. The retrograde axoplasmic transport of the common peroneal nerve was observed using fast blue BB salt retrograde fluorescent staining. Hematoxylin- eosin staining was used to detect the pathological changes of the common peroneal nerve sputum. The mRNA expression of axon regeneration-related neurotrophic factors and inhibitors was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that the amniotic membrane significantly improved the function of the injured nerve;the toe spread function rapidly recovered, the nerve conduction velocity was restored, and the number of fast blue BB salt particles were increased in the spinal cord. The amniotic membrane also increased the recovery rate of the tibialis anterior muscle and improved the tissue structure of the muscle. Meanwhile, mRNA expression of nerve growth factor, growth associated protein-43, collapsin response mediator protein-2, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor recovered to near-normal levels, while Lingo-1 mRNA expression decreased significantly in spinal cord tissues. mRNA expression of glial-derived neurotrophic factor did not change significantly. Changes in mRNA levels were more significant in amniotic-membrane-wrapping-treated rats compared with

关键词： nerve regeneration human amniotic membrane axonal Schwann cells α-cyanoacrylate rapid medical adhesive neural suture tibial anterior muscle neuronal growth factor common peroneal nerve injury neural regeneration

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CHANGED CONTENTS OF MONOAMINES AND THEIR METABOLITES OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID DURING INHIBITION OF DEFENCE PRESSOR RESPONSE BY INPUTS OF DEEP peroneal NERVE IN RABBITS

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1989年第13期34卷 1134-1139页

作者：夏萤张安中曹小定唐琴梅徐修容 Department of Neurobiology Shanghai Medical University Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Academia Sinica

It has been demonstrated that excitation of hypothalamic defence area (HDA) causes an increase in sympathetic activity of the cardiovascular system and changes of other functions, which may be related to the activities of central monoamines; electroacupuncture applied to "Zusanli" or deep peroneal nerve stimulation (DPNS) can inhibit HDA stimulation-induced pressor, ventricular extrasystoles and other de-

关键词： deep peroneal nerve defence reaction hypothalamus

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BRAIN MONO-AMINE NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND ENDOGE-NOUS OPIOID PEPTIDES DURING INHIBITION OF DEFENCE PRESSOR RESPONSE BY INPUTS OF DEEP peroneal NERVE IN RABBITS

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1989年第14期34卷 1221-1225页

作者：夏萤张安中曹小定唐琴梅徐修容 Department of Neurobiology Shanghai Medical University Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Academia Sinica

It has been reported that stimulation of hypothalamic defence area (HDA) led to the increased release of central NA and other monoamine neurotransmitters,

关键词： deep peroneal nerve defence reaction pressor endogenous opioid peptide monoamine neurotransmitter

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Common peroneal Nerve Palsy Secondary to a Proximal Tibiofibular Joint “Ganglion Cyst”—A Case Report and Review of Literature

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第11期5卷 369-377页

作者： Mohit M. Kukreja Vidyadhar G. Telang Tan Tock Seng Hospital Singapore City Singapore Dhanvantari Hospital & Research Centre Mumbai India

Although ganglion cysts occur frequently, their presence in the lower extremities is rare and they seldom cause peripheral nerve compression. There are enumerable case reports of intraneural ganglion involvement with the common peroneal nerve and its branches, the sural nerve, and the posterior tibial nerve but extraneural ganglion sciatic and common peroneal nerve palsy cases are quite rare. Our case, a 26 years old female patient presented with right leg tingling and radiating pain followed up gradually with progressive right sided foot drop. MRI diagnosed the lesion as a ganglion cyst and the EMG/NCV confirmed the level of compression at the right fibular head. The patient was electively operated with standard lateral approach and the ganglion cyst engulfing the common peroneal nerve was excised. The cyst was traced to the base of its articular origin, excised and stalk ligated to prevent recurrence. At 1 year, there were no signs of recurrence and the patient was symptomatically free with no residual weakness. We, thus, report to you a rare cause of common peroneal nerve palsy—a proximal tibio-fibular joint “ganglion cyst”;a cause of foot drop which can be completely reversible if treated appropriately, its implications and thus, making its early diagnosis significant.

关键词： Ganglion Tibiofibular peroneal Excision

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Peroneus longus tendon rupture: A case report

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第1期10卷 45-53页

作者： Don Koh Lincoln Liow Joseph Cheah Kevin Koo Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Singapore General Hospital

BACKGROUND peroneal tendinopathies are an under-diagnosed and potentially under-treated pathology. If left untreated it can be a cause of chronic lateral hindfoot pain. Its diagnosis is challenging owing to its low incidence and vague clinical presentation.CASE SUMMARY We share a case of a patient who experienced a chronic lateral ankle pain exacerbated after alighting from a bus. This patient came to our attention only after failing conservative management on two separate occasions. Plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging revealed rupture of the peroneus longus tendon(PLT). Findings were confirmed intra-operatively and tenodesis of the PLT to the peroneus brevis was performed. Patient was kept non-weight-bear with his foot everted and in plantarflexion before being converted to an offloading boot at two weeks. Patient was started on a progressive rehabilitation programme at six weeks and was able to return to work shortly after with excellent outcomes.CONCLUSION We aim to share our experience in managing this patient and propose some pointers guided by available literature to avoid missing this commonly overlooked pathology.

关键词： Chronic lateral ankle pain Peroneus longus rupture peroneal tendinopathy Tenodesis Diagnostic challenge Case report

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