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percent body fat,but not body mass index,is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2023年第2期9卷 143-153页

作者： Xin He Zhenni Zhu Jiajie Zang Zhengyuan Wang Ping Liao Wenjing Wang Yan Shi Chen Fu Laboratory of Functional Medicine Division of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases and InjuryShanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghaiChina Department of Nutrition Hygiene Division of Health Risk Factor Monitoring and ControlShanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghaiChina

Background:The epidemic of overweight and obesity has become a worldwide public health problem.Cardiometabolic diseases may originate in childhood.We investigated the association between percent body fat(PBF)measured by the bioelectrical impedance assay and cardiometabolic risk(CMR)in pediatrics.Methods:This cross-sectional study involved 3819 subjects(6-17 years old)in Shanghai.We assessed the association between PBF and body mass index(BMI)with multiple CMR factors.We examined the risk for cardiometabolic abnormalities attributable to overweight and obesity based on age-and sexspecific PBF Z-scores and BMI Z-scores,respectively.Results:PBF,but not BMI,was positively associated with multiple CMR factors in males and females except for total cholesterol in females(all p<0.05).Compared with the non-overweight group based on PBF,overweight and obese subjects had increasingly higher odds ratio of dyslipidemia(2.90(1.99-4.23),4.59(2.88-7.32)for males and 1.82(1.20-2.75),2.46(1.47-4.11)for females)and elevated blood pressure(BP)(3.26(2.35-4.51),4.55(2.92-7.09)for males and 1.59(1.07-2.34),3.98(2.27-6.17)for females).Obesity females showed a higher likelihood for hyperglycemia(2.19(1.24-3.84))than non-overweight females.In both sexes,the predictive effect of PBF on dyslipidemia and elevated BP in adolescents was better than that in children.For hyperglycemia,the predictive effect of PBF was better in male adolescents and female children.There was no risk difference for cardiometabolic abnormalities attributable to BMI-based obesity categories.Conclusions:PBF but not BMI was associated with CMR.Overweight and obesity categories based on PBF had an increased risk for cardiometabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents.

关键词： adolescents cardiometabolic risk factors children obesity percent body fat

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Physical Activity and body Composition Relate to Cardiorespiratory Fitness Independently in Young Adults with Down Syndrome

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Journal of Sports Science 2017年第2期5卷 65-77页

作者： Shannon D. R. Ringenbachl Simon D. Holzapfel Pamela R. Bosch Lauren M. Hunt Michelle Snow Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion Arizona State University Phoenix AZ 85004 USA Department of Physical Therapy Northern Arizona University Phoenix AZ 85004 USA

BACKGROUND: Persons with Down syndrome (DS) typically possess low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), engage in low levels of physical activity (PA), and display elevated obesity levels, but the association between these variables is not clear in persons with DS. METHOD: We investigated the relationships among measures of CRF, PA, and body composition in 30 young adults with DS (age: 21.3 ± 5.5 years) using a cross-sectional study design. RESULTS: Male participants presented on average with a BMI of 32.9 ± 10.0 kg/m2, a percent body fat of 22.2 ± 13.0%, and a six-minute walk distance (6MWD) of 411.7 ± 66.3 m. Female participants presented on average with a BMI of 31.6 ± 13.5 kg/m2, a percent body fat of 26.7 ± 15.1%, and a six-minute walk distance (6MWD) of 360.4 ± 91.2 m. 6MWD shared a positive relationship with leisure time physical activity levels (r = 0.56, β = 1.488) and a negative relationship with body mass index (BMI; r = -0.49, β = -2.561). No relationship between body composition and PA was found. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that higher PA levels and lower BMI relate to better CRF in young adults with DS. Physical activity and body composition appear to be unrelated in persons with DS.

关键词： Intellectual disability six minute walk test percent body fat body mass index

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