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Age-dependent changes of total and differential white blood cell counts in children

Chinese Medical Journal 2020年第16期133卷 1900-1907页

作者： Kun Li Ya-Guang Peng Ruo-Hua Yan Wen-Qi Song Xiao-Xia Peng Xin Ni Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children HealthBeijing 100045China Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Department of Clinical Laboratory Center Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children HealthBeijing 100045China Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology Head and NeckSurgeryBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children HealthBeijing 100045China

Background:Total and differential white blood cell counts are important for the diagnostic evaluation of suspected *** facilitate the interpretation of total and differential white blood cell counts in pediatric patients,the present study investigated agedependent changes in total and differential white blood cell counts in healthy reference ***:Data were obtained from the Pediatric Reference Intervals in China study(PRINCE),which aims to establish and verify pediatric reference intervals for Chinese children based on a nationwide multicenter cross-sectional study from January 2017 to December *** curves were calculated using the generalized additive models for location,shape,and scale *** 2.5th,50th,and 97.5th quantile curves were calculated for both total and differential white blood *** of stacked area charts were used to demonstrate the proportions of differential white blood *** statistical analyses were performed using R ***:Both 50th and 97.5th quantiles of total white blood cell count and monocyte count were highest at birth,then rapidly decreased in the first 6 months of life;relatively slow reduction continued until 2 years of *** lymphocyte count was low during infancy and increased to its highest level at 6 months of age;it then exhibited moderate and continuous reduction until approximately 9 years of *** pattern of neutrophil count changed with age in a manner opposite to that of lymphocyte ***,there were two inter-sections of lymphocyte count and neutrophil count during infancy and at approximately 5 years of age,based on locally weighted regression(LOESS)*** were no apparent age-related changes in eosinophil or basophil ***:These data regarding age-related changes in total and differential white blood cell counts can be used to assess the health of pediatric patients and guide clinical decisions.

关键词： Leukocyte count Trends pediatrics Development Growth

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Extent, reasons and consequences of off-labeled and unlicensed drug prescription in hospitalized children: a narrative review

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World Journal of pediatrics 2021年第4期17卷 341-354页

作者： Wasim Shuib Xin-Yin Wu Fang Xiao Xiangya School of Public Health Central South UniversityChangsha410078China

Background Off-label and unlicensed prescriptions pose a severe safety concern among the pediatric *** aimed to summarize the up-to-date evidence on the extent,reasons,and consequences of off-label and unlicensed drugs in hospitalized pediatric *** We systematically searched PubMed,EMBASE,SCOPUS,Web of Science and Google Scholar between 1990 and 2020 in which the last search was conducted on 12 February *** included studies with the following inclusion criteria:(1)observational studies in design;(2)target population was hospitalized pediatric patients whether admitted in the intensive care unit or in the general ward;(3)study reporting the prevalence of off-label,unlicensed prescriptions or both;and(4)published in *** A total of 47 studies were eligible for *** proportion of off-label and unlicensed prescriptions ranged from 7.4%to 99.5%and 0.1%to 74.4%,*** most frequent category of off-label prescriptions was prescription outside the age range,with the most commonly reported reason for off-label prescriptions being the lack of information specifically for pediatrics on the drug information *** consequences of off-label and unlicensed prescriptions ranged from minor and bearable skin reactions to debilitating renal failure,risking *** Off-label and unlicensed prescriptions are extensive and require progressively meditative ***,the pediatric population is currently a“therapeutic orphan”.Unless adequate pediatric clinical trials and licensed drugs become available,off-label and unlicensed drug prescription should not entirely be banned but rather promoted in an organized manner.

关键词： Licensed medicines Off-label prescribing pediatrics Unlicensed prescribing

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Infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma:A clinicopathologic study in a Chinese population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第36期16卷 4549-4557页

作者： Zhang Zhang,Hui-Jiao Chen,Wen-Juan Yang,Hong Bu,Bing Wei,Xiao-Yu Long,Jing Fu,Rui Zhang,Yun-Bi Ni,Hong-Ying Zhang,Department of Pathology,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Guoxuexiang 37,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China Department of Pathology West China Hospital Sichuan University Guoxuexiang 37 Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province China.

AIM:To investigate whether the clinicopathologic features of infantile hemangioendothelioma(IHE) of the liver in a Chinese population are similar to the features observed in other ***:The clinical data,radiological findings,histopathological changes and outcome of 12 cases of IHE diagnosed by the Department of Pathology,West China Hospital over the last 10 years were analyzed *** studies were carried out using antibodies against CD31,CD34,Factor Ⅷ,cytokeratin 8 and cytokeratin ***:The 12 patients were aged from fetal to 5 years(three males and nine females).The tumor was presented with different clinical manifestations,mainly as an asymptomatic,palpable,upper abdominal mass,except for the two fetuses who were detected antena-tally by *** one patient,this presentation was accompanied by an initial severe *** symptoms of congestive heart failure were present and neither congenital abnormalities nor vascular tumors in the skin or other organs were *** abnormalities included leukocytosis(40%),anemia(60%),thrombocytosis(60%),hyperbilirubinemia(16.7%),abnormal liver function(50%) and increased α-fetoprotein(80%).Based on radiological findings and gross specimens,the tumor presented as a solitary lesion or a multifocal space-occupying *** tumor size ranged from 5.0 cm × 3.5 cm × 2.0 cm to 13.8 cm × 9.0 cm × 7.7 cm,and the 0.2-1.1 cm nodules were diffusely distributed within the multifocal *** cases were surgically resected,three cases underwent biopsy and the two fetuses were ***,nine cases were classified as typeⅠ and three as type Ⅱ,presenting aggressive morphologic features,immature vessels,active mitosis and *** inflammatory component,predominantly eosinophilic granulocytes,sometimes obscured the nature of the *** patients are alive after a follow-up of 1-9 *** on immunohistochemistry,the endothelial cells in all cases were positiv

关键词： Infantile haemangioendothelioma pediatrics Hepatic neoplasm Pathological diagnoses Chinese

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Protective mechanisms of Tuina therapy against lipopolysaccharide-induced fever in young rabbits based on untargeted metabolomics analysis

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中医杂志:英文版 2023年第4期43卷 725-733页

作者： LIU Di ZHANG Yingqi YU Tianyuan LIU Zhifeng JIAO Yi WANG Hourong XU Yajing GUAN Qian CHEN Lulu HU Hui School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 102401China Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Beijing Massage HospitalBeijing 100035China Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Dongfang HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100078China

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Tuina on the plasma metabolites of lipopolysaccharide-induced febrile in infant ***:Twenty-four infant New Zealand rabbits were selected and randomly divided into three groups:saline,model,and *** fever model was established by injecting LPS intravenously through the ear margin vein in the model group and Tuina group,*** modeling was considered successful when the anal temperature increased by 0.5℃or above within 1 *** the Tuina group,six Tuina techniques(i.e.,opening Tianmen/the heaven gate,pushing Kangong/the superciliary arch,kneading Taiyang and the prominent bone behind the ears,clearing Tianheshui,spine pinching)that alleviate fever were performed on the young rabbits 1 h after the modeling,whereas the model and saline groups were not given Tuina treatment,with the real-time anal temperature monitored during the *** plasma was taken 3 h after the modeling for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)untargeted metabolomics ***:Our results showed a fever-reducing effects of Tuina therapy on lipopolysaccharide-induced fever in young rabbits,as indicated by a significantly lower anal temperature,maximum rise in body temperature,and body response index at 2 and 3 h after modeling in the Tuina group compared to the model group,with reductions in the PGE2 expression observed in the blood and *** differential metabolites including riboflavin,nicotinamide N-oxide,porphobilinogen,5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid,gamma-aminobutyric acid,and lysoPC(16:1(9Z)/0:0)were found following the Tuina *** primarily involves glycine-serinethreonine,arginine-proline,porphyrin-chlorophyll,pyrimidine,primary bile acid biosynthesis,and cyanoamino acid metabolic ***:Tuina therapy has proven to be effective in reducing body temperature and down-regulating PGE2 expression in LPS-induced febrile young rabbits,with its mechanism of fever-reducing action poss

关键词： fever pediatrics metabolomics Lipopolysaccharides riboflavin glycine Tuina therapy

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Effects of synbiotic supplementation on anthropometric indices and body composition in overweight or obese children and adolescents:a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled clinical trial

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World Journal of pediatrics 2023年第4期19卷 356-365页

作者： Mohammad Amin Atazadegan Motahar Heidari-Beni Mohammad Hassan Entezari Fariborz Sharifianjazi Roya Kelishadi Department of Clinical Nutrition School of Nutrition and Food SciencesIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran Department of Nutrition Child Growth and Development Research CenterResearch Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable DiseaseIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran Department of Clinical Nutrition School of Nutrition and Food ScienceIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran School of Science and Technology The University of GeorgiaTbilisiGeorgia Department of pediatrics Child Growth and Development Research CenterResearch Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable DiseaseIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran

Background Recently,beneficial effects of probiotics and/or prebiotics on cardio-metabolic risk factors in adults have been ***,existing evidence has not been fully established for pediatric age *** study aimed to assess the effect of synbiotic on anthropometric indices and body composition in overweight or obese children and *** This randomized double-blind,placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 60 participants aged 8-18 years with a body mass index(BMI)equal to or higher than the 85th *** were randomly divided into two groups that received either a synbiotic capsule containing 6x109 colony forming units(CFU)Lactobacillus coagulans SC-208,6 x 109 CFU Lactobacillus indicus HU36 and fructooligosaccharide as a prebiotic(n=30)or a placebo(n=30)twice a day for eight *** indices and body composition were measured at baseline and after the *** The mean(standard deviation,SD)age was 11.07(2.00)years and 11.23(2.37)years for the placebo and synbiotic groups,respectively(P=0.770).The waist-height ratio(WHtR)decreased significantly at the end of the intervention in comparison with baseline in the synbiotic group(0.54±0.05 vs.0.55±0.05,P=0.05).No significant changes were dem-onstrated in other anthropometric indices or body composition between *** Synbiotic supplementation might be associated with a reduction in *** were no significant changes in other anthropometric indices or body composition.

关键词： Anthropometry Body composition pediatrics Synbiotics

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Recent progress of pediatric cardiac surgery in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第23期119卷 2005-2012页

作者： WU Kai-hong LU Xiao-dong LIU Ying-long Pediatric Cardiac Center Department of Surgery CardiovascularInstitute and Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of MedicalSciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100037China

Pediatric cardiac surgery in China has madegreat progress since the first successful open heart operation for correction of ventricular septal defect （VSD） with an artificial heart-lung machine in 1958.1 In recent years, the state has paid much attention to both the basic research and the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of congenital heart disease. The surgical treatment for congenital heart diseases in infancy was listed as one of the Family Planning Technology Specific Projects among the Key Tasks in the Tenth Five-Year Plan. Due to economic and social conditions in China primary or secondary prevention and treatment of congenital heart disease are still in the early phase of development. Therefore, tertiary prevention -- surgical treatment--is still of crucial importance. Here we review the current status of pediatric cardiac surgery in China and highlight the latest advances in this exciting field.

关键词： cardiac surgery cardiopulmonary bypass congenital heart defect pediatrics

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Value of duplex doppler ultrasonography in non-invasive assessment of children with chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第48期16卷 6139-6144页

作者： Mortada HF El-Shabrawi Maissa El-Raziky Maha Sheiba Hanaa M El-Karaksy Mona El-Raziky Fetouh Hassanin Abeer Ramadan Department of pediatrics Cairo University Department of Tropical Medicine Cairo University Department of Clinical Pharmacy Misr International University

AIM:To investigate the value of duplex Doppler ultrasonography (US) in the assessment of the hemodynamics of the portal and hepatic veins in a cohort of children with chronic liver disease (CLD) and to detect any relationship between the US changes,etiology and severity (or stage) of CLD. METHODS:We prospectively enrolled 25 children with biopsy-proven CLD. Thirteen had cirrhosis (aged 8.9 ± 2.0 years) and 12 had chronic hepatitis (aged 9.3 ± 2.3 years). Gray scale and color-coded duplex Doppler US were performed for all,as well as 30 healthy age and sex-matched controls. Findings were correlated with clinical,laboratory and histopathological characteristics. RESULTS:Prominent caudate lobe was detected in 100% of cirrhotics,but none of the chronic hepatitis or controls. Thickened lesser omentum and loss of the triphasic waveform of the hepatic vein were present in 69.2% and 53.8% of cirrhotics vs 33.3% and 8.3% of chronic hepatitis respectively. Portal vein flow velocity was significantly lower (P < 0.0001) and the congestion index was significantly higher (P < 0.005) in both patient groups compared to controls. Child-Pugh's staging showed a positive correlation with both abnormal hepatic vein waveform and direction of portal blood flow; and a negative correlation with both hepatic and portal vein flow velocities. No correlation with the etiology of CLD could be detected. CONCLUSION:Duplex Doppler added to grayscale US can detect significant morphologic and portal hemodynamic changes that correlate with the severity (stage) of CLD,but not with etiology.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis Chronic liver disease Cirrhosis Doppler Grayscale pediatrics Ultrasound

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Clinical manifestations and pathogen characteristics in children admitted for suspected COVID-19

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Frontiers of Medicine 2020年第6期14卷 776-785页

作者： Xiaofang Cai Hanlan Jiang Simin Zhang Shengying Xia Wenhui Du Yaoling Ma Tao Yu Wenbin Li Department of Emergency Wuhan Children’s Hospital(Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital)Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430016China Department of Clinical Laboratory Wuhan Children’s Hospital(Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital)Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430016China Department of pediatrics Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2),has spread around the ***,approaches to distinguish COVID-19 from pneumonia caused by other pathogens have not yet been *** retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 97 children with probable COVID-19.A total of 13(13.4%)patients were confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection by nucleic acid RT-PCR testing,and 41(42.3%)patients were found to be infected with other ***,no pathogen was detected in 43(44.3%)*** all patients,25(25.8%)had familial cluster exposure history,and 52(53.6%)had one or more coexisting ***(15.5%)patients were admitted or transferred to the *** the 11 confirmed COVID-19 cases,5(45.5%)and 7(63.6%)were positive for IgM and IgG against SARS-CoV-2,*** 22 patients with suspected COVID-19,1(4.5%)was positive for IgG but negative for *** most frequently detected pathogen was Mycoplasma pneumonia(29,29.9%).One patient with confirmed COVID-19 *** results strongly indicated that the detection of asymptomatic COVID-19 or coexisting conditions must be strengthened in pediatric *** cases may be difficult to diagnose as COVID-19 unless etiologic analysis is conducted.A serologic test can be a useful adjunctive diagnostic tool in cases where SARS-CoV-2 infection is highly suspected but the nucleic acid test is negative.

关键词： coronavirus disease 2019 pediatrics emergency retrospective investigation severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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Pediatric endocrinopathies related to COVID‑19:an update

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World Journal of pediatrics 2023年第9期19卷 823-834页

作者： Elmira Haji Esmaeli Memar Reihaneh Mohsenipour Seyedeh Taravat Sadrosadat Parastoo Rostami Pediatric Center of Excellence Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Growth and Development Research Center Children’s Medical CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Universal Scientific Education and Research Network(USERN) TehranIran Children’s Medical Center Pediatric Center of ExcellenceTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Growth and Development Research Center Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismPediatric Center of ExcellenceChildren’s Medical CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran

Background Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the seventh coronavirus to be linked to human *** SARS-CoV-2 virus may have several pathophysiologic interactions with endocrine systems,resulting in disruptions in glucose metabolism,hypothalamus and pituitary function,adrenal function,and mineral *** increasing amount of evidence demonstrates both the influence of underlying endocrine abnormalities on the outcome of COVID-19 and the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on endocrine ***,a systematic examination of the link to pediatric endocrine diseases has been *** sources The purpose of this review is to discuss the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on endocrine systems and to summarize the available knowledge on COVID-19 consequences in children with underlying endocrine *** this purpose,a literature search was conducted in EMBASE,and data that were discussed about the effects of COVID-19 on endocrine systems were used in the current *** Treatment suggestions were provided for endocrinopathies associated with SARS-CoV-2 *** With the global outbreak of COVID-19,it is critical for pediatric endocrinologists to understand how SARSCoV-2 interacts with the endocrine system and the therapeutic concerns for children with underlying problems who develop *** children and adults share certain risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection sequelae,it is becoming obvious that pediatric responses are different and that adult study results cannot be *** pediatric research gives some insight,it also shows the need for more study in this area.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Endocrine Infection pediatrics

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Diagnostic value of maximal-outer-diameter and maximal-mural-thickness in use of ultrasound for acute appendicitis in children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第23期15卷 2900-2903页

作者： Bo-Kyung Je Sung-Bum Kim Seung Hwa Lee Ki Yeol Lee Sang Hoon Cha Department of Radiology College of Medicine Korea University #516 Gojan1-Dong Danwon-Gu Ansan-City Gyeonggi-Do 425-707 South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Dongshin Hospital #430 Hongeundong Seodaemungu Seoul 120-100 South Korea

MM： To evaluate the maximal-outer-diameter （MOD） and the maximal-mural-thickness （MMT） of the appendix in children with acute appendicitis and to determine their optimal cut-off values to diagnose acute appendicitis.METHODS： In total, 164 appendixes from 160 children between 1 and 17 years old （84 males, 76 females; mean age, 7.38 years） were examined by high-resolution abdominal ultrasound for acute abdominal pain and the suspicion of acute appendicitis. We measured the MOD and the MMT at the thickest point of the appendix. Patients were categorized into two groups according to their medical records： patients who had surgery （surgical appendix group） and patients who did not have surgery （non-surgical appendix group）. Data were analyzed by MedCalc v.9.3. The rank sum test （Mann-Whitney test） was used to evaluate the difference in the MOD and the MMT between the two groups. ROC curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of the MOD and the MMT on diagnosis of acute appendicitis.RESULTS： There were 121 appendixes （73.8%） in the non-surgical appendix group and 43 appendixes （26.2%） in the surgical appendix group. The median MOD differed significantly between the two groups （0.37 cm vs 0.76 cm, P〈 0.0001）, and the median MMT also differed （0.15 cm vs 0.33 cm, P 〈 0.0001）. The optimal cut-off value of the MOD and the MMT for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children was 〉 0.57 cm （sensitivity 95.4%, specificity 93.4%） and 〉 0.22 cm （sensitivity 90.7%, specificity 79.3%）, respectively.CONCLUSION： The MOD and the MMT are reliable criteria to diagnose acute appendicitis in children. An MOD 〉 0.57 cm and an MMT 〉 0.22 cm are the optimal criteria.

关键词： Appendicitis Ultrasonography pediatrics Diagnosis ROC curve

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