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Diabetic cardiomyopathy:Emerging therapeutic options

World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1677-1682页

作者： Cornelius James Fernandez Sahana Shetty Joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocrinology&Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Department of Endocrinology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104KarnatakaIndia Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Diabetic cardiomyopathy(DbCM)is a common but underrecognized complication of patients with diabetes mellitus(DM).Although the pathobiology of other cardiac complications of diabetes such as ischemic heart disease and cardiac autonomic neuropathy are mostly known with reasonable therapeutic options,the mechanisms and management options for DbCM are still not fully *** its early stages,DbCM presents with diastolic dysfunction followed by heart failure(HF)with preserved ejection fraction that can progress to systolic dysfunction and HF with reduced ejection fraction in its advanced stages unless appropriately *** from prompt control of DM with lifestyle changes and antidiabetic medications,disease-modifying therapy for DbCM includes prompt control of hypertension and dyslipidemia inherent to patients with DM as in other forms of heart diseases and the use of treatments with proven efficacy in HF.A basic study by Zhang et al,in a recent issue of the World Journal of Diabetes elaborates the potential pathophysiological alterations and the therapeutic role of teneligliptin in diabetic mouse models with *** this preliminary basic study might help to improve our understanding of DbCM and offer a potential new management option for patients with the disease,the positive results from such animal models might not always translate to clinical practice as the pathobiology of DbCM in humans could be ***,such experimental studies can encourage more scientific efforts to find a better solution to treat patients with this enigmatic disease.

关键词： Diabetic cardiomyopathy Diabetic cardiomyopathy Heart failure pathobiology Teneligliptin

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Sex disparity in hepatocellular carcinoma owing to NAFLD and non-NAFLD etiology:epidemiological findings and pathobiological mechanisms

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第12期6卷 12-23页

作者： Amedeo Lonardo Stefano Ballestri Pierce KHChow Ayako Suzuki Operating Unit of Metabolic Syndrome Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di ModenaOspedale Civile di BaggiovaraModena 41126Italy Operating Unit Internal Medicine Ospedale di PavulloAzienda UnitàSanitaria LocaleModena 41126Italy Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology National Cancer Center Singapore and Singapore General HospitalCouncil 169610Singapore Surgery Academic Clinical Program and Office of Education Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore 169857Singapore Division of Gastroenterology Duke University Health SystemDurhamNC 27710USA Division of Gastroenterology Durham VA Medical CenterDurhamNC 27705USA Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore 169857Singapore

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)exhibits sexual dimorphism,with men being more exposed than women to the risk of simple steatosis,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis fibrosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),while the protection conferred to women seemingly disappears with aging and reproductive senescence(i.e.,menopause).HCC,the most common primary liver cancer,which carries an ominous prognosis,may result from various genetic and non-genetic risk *** is now projected to become the most common cause of *** also exhibits a definite sexual dimorphism in as much as it has a worldwide high male-to-female *** this review article,we focus on sex differences in the epidemiological features of ***,we discuss sex differences in the clinical outcome and molecular pathobiology of *** highlighting the research gaps to be filled,the aim of this review is to prompt future research of sex differences in HCC and facilitate developing personalized cancer prevention strategies,detection,and treatments to achieve better patient outcomes in NAFLD-HCC,considering sex differences in HCC pathobiology.

关键词： Liver cancer pathobiology personalized medicine sex differences

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Clinicohistopathological implications of phosphoserine 9 glycogen synthase kinase-3β/β-catenin in urinary bladder cancer patients

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2019年第4期10卷 166-182页

作者： Niharika Maurya Rinni Singh Apul Goel Atin Singhai Uday Pratap Singh Vinita Agrawal Minal Garg Department of Biochemistry Lucknow University Department of Urology King George Medical University Department of Pathology King George Medical University Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Pathology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences

BACKGROUND Aberrant activation of phosphorylated form of glycogen synthase kinase-3β[pS9 GSK-3β(Serine 9 phosphorylation)] is known to trigger Wnt/β-catenin signal cascade but its clinicohistopathological implications in bladder carcinogenesis remain *** To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic relevance of expressions of pS9 GSK-3β, β-catenin and its target genes in the pathobiology of bladder *** Bladder tumor tissues from ninety patients were analyzed for quantitative expression and cellular localization of pS9 GSK-3β by immunohistochemical(IHC) staining. Real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and IHC were done to check the expression of β-catenin, Cyclin D1, Snail and Slug at transcriptome and protein level respectively. Clinicohistopathological variables were obtained from histology reports, follow up and OPD visits of *** of the markers were statistically correlated with these variables to determine their significance in clinical setting. Results were analysed using SPSS20.0 *** Aberrant(low or no membranous/high nuclear/high cytoplasmic) expression of pS9 GSK-3β was noted in 51% patients and found to be significantly associated with tumor stage and tumor grade(P = 0.01 and 0.04; Mann Whitney U test).Thirty one percent tumors exhibited aberrant co-expression of pS9 GSK-3β andβ–catenin proteins and showed strong statistical association with tumor stage,tumor type, smoking/tobacco chewing status(P = 0.01, 0.02 and 0.04, MannWhitney U test) and shorter overall survival probabilities of patients(P = 0.02;Kaplan Meier test). Nuclear immunostaining of Cyclin D1 in tumors with altered pS9 GSK-3β/β–catenin showed relevance with tumor stage, grade and ***β–catenin and pS9 GSK-3β proteins are identified as markers of diagnostic/prognostic significance in disease pathogenesis. Observed histopathological association of Cyclin D1 identifies it as marker of potential relevance in tumors with altered

关键词： pathobiology Target genes Tumor stage and grade Wnt/β–catenin signal cascade Urothelial carcinoma of bladder

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