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CO2 emission of urban passenger transportation in China from 2000 to 2014

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2019年第1期10卷 59-67页

作者： YUAN Rui-Qiang TAO Xin YANG Xiang-Long School of Environment and Resources Shanci UniversitTaiyuan030006China

This study reviewed the urban passenger transportation(UPT)development of seven typical cities in China from 2000 to 2014,estimated the UPT CO2emission,analyzed the structure,and discussed the main factors of UPT CO,emission.Results showed that increases of GDP,population,and UPT scale of the cities have speeded up.The most significant development of UPT is that the growth of private vehicles is greatly faster than that of public transportation.The total and per-capita UPT CO2 emissions both increased.The share of private vehicles emission to total UPT CO2emission has increased,with the share in range of 65%-88%in 2014,exponentially leading to the increases of total and per-capita UPT CO2 emission.Although UPT CO2 emission structure with more share of public transportation would slow down the UPT CO2emission increase,private vehicle CO2 emission is recognized as the dominated driving factor.Contributions of driving factors,such as GDP,population,private vehicle CO2 emissions,to UPT CO2 emission are different among the cities.Private vehicle CO2 emission.is the dominated factor for UPT CO2emission in Beijing and Taiyuan.Besides private vehicle CO2emission,GDP also plays an important role in UPT CO2emissions of Chengdu,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Urumqi.Contributions of private vehicle CO2 emission and GDP to UPT CO2 emission are almost same in Xi'an.

关键词： Urban passenger transport CO2 emissions Low-carbon transport China

A comparative analysis of child passenger restraint use in China and the United States

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第6期13卷 593-598页

作者： Jing-Zhen Yang Li-Ping Li Hong-Qian Wu Daniel McGehee Corinne Peek-Asa The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital Center for Injury Research and PolicyUnited States Department of Pediatrics College of Medicinethe Ohio State UniversityUnited States Injury Prevention Research Center Shantou University Medical CollegeChina Department of Biostatistics University of IowaUnited States Injury Prevention Research Center Human Factors and Vehicle Safety Research Division University of Iowa Public Policy CenterUnited States

Background:Few published studies have examined child passenger safety practices across countries.This study compared the prevalence and associated factors of child passenger restraint use among children,aged 0 to 17 in the state of Iowa in the United States,and the city of Shantou in China.Methods:Child restraint use observations were conducted in Iowa and in Shantou in 2012,respectively,among child passengers.Observations in Iowa were conducted at randomly selected gas stations,while in Shantou observations were completed at randomly selected schools or medical clinics.Research observers approached the driver,observed restraint use,and collected brief survey data.Results:A total of 3049 children from Iowa and 3333 children aged 0 to 17 years from Shantou were observed.For children aged 0 to 3 years,only 0.1% were compliantly restrained in Shantou as compared to 95.9% in Iowa.The proportion of children who were compliantly restrained in Shantou increased with age,but generally decreased with age in Iowa.In Shantou,36.0% of children aged 0 to 3 were sitting in the front seat as compared to only 1.7% of children of the same age in Iowa.Driver seat belt use was significantly associated with child restraint in both Iowa and Shantou;the association was stronger in Iowa than Shantou for aH age groups.Conclusions:A significantly higher prevalence of children who were not appropriately restrained was observed in Shantou than in Iowa.Our findings support the need of mandatory child safety restraint use legislation in China.

关键词： child passenger safety restraint cross country motor vehicle occupant

Real-world fuel consumption of light-duty passenger vehicles using on-board diagnostic (OBD) systems

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第2期14卷 207-216页

作者： Xuan Zheng Sheng Lu Liuhanzi Yang Min Yan Guangyi Xu Xiaomeng Wu Lixin Fu Ye Wu College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China International Council on Clean Transportation Beijing 100084China Shenzhen Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Shenzhen 518001China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

An increasing discrepancy between real-world and type-approval fuel consumption for light-duty passenger vehicles(LDPVs)has been reported by several studies.Normally,real-world fuel consumption is measured primarily by a portable emission measurement system.The on-board diagnostic(OBD)approach,which is flexible and offers high-resolution data collection,is a promising fuel consumption monitoring method.Three LDPVs were tested with a laboratory dynamometer based on a type-approval cycle,the New European Driving Cycle(NEDC).Fuel consumption was measured by the OBD and constant-volume sampling system(CVS,a regulatory method)to verify the accuracy of the OBD values.The results of the OBD method and the regulatory carbon balance method exhibited a strong linear correlation(e.g.,R^2=0.906-0.977).Compared with the carbon balance results,the fuel consumption results using the OBD were 7.1%±4.3%lower on average.Furthermore,the real-world fuel consumption of six LDPVs was tested in Beijing using the OBD.The results showed that the normalized NEDC real-world fliel consumption of the tested vehicles was 13%±17%higher than the type-approval-based fuel consumption.Because the OBD values are lower than the actual fuel consumption,using a carbon balance method may result in a larger discrepancy between real-word and type-approval ftiel consumption.By means of the operating mode binning and micro trip methods,a strong relationship(R^2=0.984)was established between the average speed and relative fuel consumption.For congested roads(average vehicle speed less than 25 km/h),the fuel consumption of LDPVs is highly sensitive to changes in average speed.

关键词： Fuel consumption Light-duty passenger vehicles On-board diagnostic systems

GSI Hammering out Ro-Ro passenger Ship Brand

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船舶经济贸易 2022年第3期 63-70页

作者： Kuang Zhantin Peng Yonggui 不详

Delivery record first in China,handheld order first in the world!As the"single champion"in the field of ro-ro passenger ship construction,Guangzhou Shipbuilding Intermational(CSI),a subsidiary of CSSC,completed 3 luxury ro-ro passenger ships in 2021 alone.Today,luxury ro-ro passenger ships built by GSI spread all over the global sea area,their luxury ro-ro passenger ships are shutling back and forth across China’s Bohai Bay,South China Sea,Nordic Baltic Sea,North Atlantic,North Africa and the Mediterranean.

关键词： GSI Ship passenger

Asia’s Largest passenger Railway Hub Starts Operation in Beijing

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China Report ASEAN 2022年第7期7卷 6-9页

The largest passenger railway hub in Asia was put into operation on June 20 in Beijing as a four-year reconstruction breathes new life into the Chinese capital’s oldest railway station.With a gross floor area of nearly 400,000 square meters,or 56 standard football pitches,Beijing Fengtai Railway Station has 32 rail tracks and 32 platforms and is able to accommodate a maximum of 14,000 passengers per hour.Located in southern Beijing’s Fengtai District,the time-honored station was built in 1895 and used to provide both passenger and freight services until its closure in 2010.

关键词： passenger closure floor

Exploring the Evolution of passenger Flow and Travel Time Reliability with the Expanding Process of Metro System Using Smartcard Data

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2019年第1期26卷 17-29页

作者： Xinwei Ma Yanjie Ji Yao Fan Chenyu Yi School of Transportation Southeast University

Metro system has experienced the global rapid rise over the past decades. However,few studies have paid attention to the evolution in system usage with the network expanding. The paper's main objectives are to analyze passenger flow characteristics and evaluate travel time reliability for the Nanjing Metro network by visualizing the smart card data of April 2014,April 2015 and April 2016. We performed visualization techniques and comparative analyses to examine the changes in system usage between before and after the system expansion. Specifically,workdays,holidays and weekends were specially segmented for analysis.Results showed that workdays had obvious morning and evening peak hours due to daily commuting,while no obvious peak hours existed in weekends and holidays and the daily traffic was evenly distributed. Besides,some metro stations had a serious directional imbalance,especially during the morning and evening peak hours of workdays. Serious unreliability occurred in morning peaks on workdays and the reliability of new lines was relatively low,meanwhile,new stations had negative effects on exiting stations in terms of reliability. Monitoring the evolution of system usage over years enables the identification of system performance and can serve as an input for improving the metro system quality.

关键词： metro expansion smart card data passenger flow characteristics travel time reliability visualization

The Power of China's Railways

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Beijing Review 2024年第7期67卷 48-48页

作者： Vladimir Krotov East China Normal University in Shanghai

China is the world's third largest country by total land area,so the development of railways is a key issue in passenger and freight transportation.Today,the Chinese railway network is one of the largest in the world ... 详细信息

关键词： railway continue passenger

passenger Perceptions and Choice Behavior of National,Low Cost and Foreign Carriers:A Case Study on Incheon International Airport

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering 2018年第5期6卷 230-240页

作者： Baek-Jae Kim Se-Yeon Jung Kwang-Eui Yoo Qatar Airways 2060Unseo-Dong Jung-GuIncheonSouth Korea The Korea Transport Institute 370 Sicheong-daeroSejong-si339-007South Korea Korea Aerospace University 76 Hanggongdaehang-roGoyang-siSouth Korea

Recently,the LCCs(low cost carriers)using ICN(Incheon International Airport)as a hub have increased their international routes.In addition,foreign nationality airlines,including Middle Eastern carriers,have gradually increased their operations at ICN.This growth in carrier services has resulted in a more competitive market environment,and reasonable resource assignment has become an important issue for airport operators.Moreover,the airport will open a new terminal—T2(terminal 2)in early 2018,and carriers will need to adjust their operations reflecting the utilization of newly assigned facilities.Motivated by this change,we investigate the differentiation of airport service perception as well as airline choice behavior by passenger groups at ICN.This paper employs a MNL(multinomial logit)model as well as a SEM(structural equation model).The results indicate that airline gate allocation is a significantly important value for passengers in terms of airport service perception and choice behavior.passenger perception and choice behavior differ according to the selected carrier.This study concludes that it is significantly important to consider the characteristics of passenger perception and choice behavior to improve airport operational efficiency,particularly with respect to carrier facility assignment.

关键词： Terminal facility assignment passenger perception choice behavior

Electric Air Taxis Create Megadeal Buzz

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Engineering 2022年第6期8卷 5-8页

作者： Sean O’Neill Senior Technology Writer

Big investments and partnership announcements made 2021 a landmark year for the nascent electric vertical take-off and landing(e VTOL) aircraft industry. Indeed, several e VTOL developers have the bold-and many say wildly optimistic-ambition to achieve regulatory certification and commence carrying paying passengers as early as 2024.

关键词： Create passenger carrying