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Interactions between maternal parity and feed additives drive the composition of pig gut microbiomes in the post‑weaning period

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1241-1257页

作者： Kayla Law Eduardo Rosa Medina Garcia Chad Hastad Deborah Murray Pedro E.Urriola Andres Gomez Department of Animal Science University of Minnesota1364 Eckles AvenueSaint PaulMN 55108USA New Fashion Pork 164 Industrial ParkwayJacksonMN 56143USA

Background Nursery pigs undergo stressors in the post-weaning period that result in production and welfare chal-lenges.These challenges disproportionately impact the offspring of primiparous sows compared to those of mul-tiparous counterparts.Little is known regarding potential interactions between parity and feed additives in the post-weaning period and their effects on nursery pig microbiomes.Therefore,the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal parity on sow and offspring microbiomes and the influence of sow parity on pig fecal microbi-ome and performance in response to a prebiotic post-weaning.At weaning,piglets were allotted into three treat-ment groups:a standard nursery diet including pharmacological doses of Zn and Cu(Con),a group fed a commercial prebiotic only(Preb)based on an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,and a group fed the same prebiotic plus Zn and Cu(Preb+ZnCu).Results Although there were no differences in vaginal microbiome composition between primiparous and mul-tiparous sows,fecal microbiome composition was different(R^(2)=0.02,P=0.03).The fecal microbiomes of primiparous offspring displayed significantly higher bacterial diversity compared to multiparous offspring at d 0 and d 21 post-weaning(Pparity within each treatment,only the Preb diet triggered significant microbiome distinc-tions between primiparous and multiparous offspring(d 21:R^(2)=0.13,P=0.01;d 42:R^(2)=0.19,P=0.001).Composi-tional differences in pig fecal microbiomes between treatments were observed only at d 21(R^(2)=0.12,P=0.001).Pigs in the Con group gained significantly more weight throughout the nursery period when compared to those in the Preb+ZnCu group.Conclusions Nursery pig gut microbiome composition was influenced by supplementation with an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract,with varying effects on performance when combined with pharmacological levels of Zn

关键词： Aspergillus prebiotic Copper Feed additives Maternal Nursery pig microbiome parity Swine microbiome Trace minerals Zinc

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Effects of dietary coenzyme Q10 supplementation during gestation on the embryonic survival and reproductive performance of high‑parity sows

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畜牧与生物技术杂志:英文版 2023年第5期14卷 2197-2208页

作者： Shanchuan Cao Honglin Yan Wenjie Tang Hongfu Zhang Jingbo Liu School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Department of Animal Resource and Science Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Korea Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animtech Feed Co.Ltd.Chengdu 610066China State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

Background Fertility declines in high-parity sows.This study investigated whether parity-dependent declines in embryonic survival and reproductive performance could be restored by dietary coenzyme Q10(CoQ10)supplementation.Methods Two experiments were performed.In Exp.1,30 young sows that had completed their 2nd parity and 30 high-parity sows that had completed their 10^(th)parity,were fed either a control diet(CON)or a CON diet supple-mented with 1 g/kg CoQ10(+CoQ10)from mating until slaughter at day 28 of gestation.In Exp.2,a total of 314 post-weaning sows with two to nine parities were fed the CON or+CoQ10 diets from mating throughout gestation.Results In Exp.1,both young and high-parity sows had a similar number of corpora lutea,but high-parity sows had lower plasma CoQ10 concentrations,down-regulated genes involved with de novo CoQ10 synthesis in the endome-trium tissues,and greater levels of oxidative stress markers in plasma and endometrium tissues.High-parity sows had fewer total embryos and alive embryos,lower embryonic survival,and greater embryo mortality than young sows.Dietary CoQ10 supplementation increased the number of live embryos and the embryonic survival rate to levels simi-lar to those of young sows,as well as lowering the levels of oxidative stress markers.In Exp.2,sows showed a parity-dependent decline in plasma CoQ10 levels,and sows with more than four parities showed a progressive decline in the number of total births,live births,and piglets born effective.Dietary supplementation with CoQ10 increased the number of total births,live births,and born effective,and decreased the intra-litter covariation coefficients and the percentage of sows requiring farrowing assistance during parturition.Conclusions Dietary CoQ10 supplementation can improve the embryonic survival and reproductive performance of gestating sows with high parity,probably by improving the development of uterine function.

关键词： Coenzyme Q10 Embryonic survival Oxidative stress parity Sows

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Heteronuclear Magnetisms with Ultracold Spinor Bosonic Gases in Optical Lattices

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第2期41卷 69-82页

作者： Yongqiang Li Chengkun Xing Ming Gong Guangcan Guo Jianmin Yuan Department of Physics National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Hunan Key Laboratory of Extreme Matter and Applications National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Key Lab of Quantum Information(CAS) University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China Department of Physics Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering PhysicsBeijing 100193China

Motivated by recent realizations of spin-1 NaRb mixtures in the experiments[Phys.Rev.Lett.114,255301(2015);Phys.Rev.Lett.128,223201(2022)],we investigate heteronuclear magnetism in the Mott-insulating regime.Different from the identical mixtures where the boson statistics only admits even parity states from angular momentum composition,for heteronuclear atoms in principle all angular momentum states are allowed,which can give rise to new magnetic phases.While various magnetic phases can be developed over these degenerate spaces,the concrete symmetry breaking phases depend on not only the degree of degeneracy but also the competitions from many-body interactions.We unveil these rich phases using the bosonic dynamical mean-field theory approach.These phases are characterized by various orders,including spontaneous magnetization order,spin magnitude order,singlet pairing order,and nematic order,which may coexist specially in the regime with odd parity.Finally we address the possible parameter regimes for observing these spin-ordered Mott phases.

关键词： parity momentum allowed

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parity and carotid atherosclerosis in elderly Chinese women

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2020年第12期17卷 759-765页

作者： Xiao-Yan WANG Fei YE Li-Xiong ZENG Shan TU Wen-Zhi LUO Xu DENG Zhi-Hui ZHANG Department of Cardiology the Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina

Background The relationship between parity and atherosclerosis has been reported in some ethnic populations.However,results regarding Chinese women are still lacking.This study aimed to investigate the association of parity and carotid atherosclerosis,which has a predictive value of subsequent atherosclerotic events in elderly Chinese women.Methods A total of 2,052 participants from the medical examination center of the Third Xiangya Hospital were enrolled in the study.A standardized,structured questionnaire was administered to collect information on subjects’demographic characteristics,socioeconomic status,and cardiovascular risk factors.High-resolution ultrasound was used to examine carotid plaques and carotid intima-media thickness(IMT).Results The mean age of participants was 66.1±5.5 years.Women with more birth appeared to have a higher risk of carotid artery plaques.A multivariate-adjusted model yielded an odds ratio of 1.38(95%CI:12%-70%,P=0.003)per birth.A positive association was observed between parity and common carotid IMT(β±SE:0.029±0.006,Pparity was associated with more obvious thickening both in the unadjusted model(OR=1.61,95%CI:1.29-2.00,Pparity and risk of carotid plaques,as well as between parity and risk of obvious thickening for common carotid IMT in elderly Chinese women,indicating multiparous women might experience more atherosclerotic challenges.

关键词： Atherosclerosis Elderly women parity

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Effect of Body Mass Index on the Associations between parity and Metabolic Syndrome and its Components among Northern Chinese Women

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第1期33卷 11-18页

作者： YAO Yan LIU Hua Min WANG Xian Wei FENG Xia GAO Li Jian LI Dong ZHOU Yong Department of Cardiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100029China School of Public Health Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTai'an 271016ShandongChina Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027ZhejiangChina Center for Coronary Heart Disease Department of CardiologyCardiovascular Institute&Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Heart DiseaseBeijing 100037China

Objectives The aims of this study were to assess the associations between parity and metabolic syndrome(Met S)and its components and to evaluate the effects of body mass index(BMI)on these associations.Methods A total of 5,674 women were enrolled from Jidong and Kailuan communities(Tangshan,Hebei)in Northern China.All participants completed standardized questionnaires,physical examination,and biochemical measurements.Logistic regression analysis was used to test the associations.Results Compared with women with parity of one,nulliparous women had decreased odds ratios(ORs);those with parity of two had odds of abdominal obesity[OR=1.45,95%confidence interval(CI)1.17–1.81,Pparity of three or more had increased odds of elevated triglyceride levels(OR=1.42,95%CI:1.04–1.94,P=0.027)and Met S(OR=1.50,95%CI:1.10–2.05,P=0.011)after complete adjustment for confounders.Furthermore,BMI and age subgroups partially modified the associations between parity and Met S and its components.Conclusions parity is positively associated with Met S and select components in women.BMI is an important modifier involved in the associations between parity and MetS.

关键词： parity Metabolic syndrome BMI Risk factor Association

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Shifts in the Holstein dairy cow milk fat globule membrane proteome that occur during the first week of lactation are affected by parity

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 534-548页

作者： Mallory C.Honan Megan J.Fahey Amanda J.Fischer-Tlustos Michael A.Steele Sabrina L.Greenwood Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences The University of VermontBurlingtonVT 05405USA Department of Animal Biosciences University of GuelphGuelphON N1G 2W1Canada Department of Agriculture Food&Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2P5Canada

Background:The milk fat globule membrane(MFGM)proteomes of colostrum and transition milk are rich sources of proteins that are likely important for neonatal calf health.In addition,characterization of these proteomes could also yield valuable information regarding mammary gland physiology of the early postpartum lactating cow.The objectives of this research were to characterize the MFGM proteomes of colostrum and transition milk through sample collections at four timepoints postpartum,including the first milking(M1,colostrum),second milking(M2,transition milk),fourth milking(M4,transition milk),and fourteenth milking(M14,mature milk),and compare these proteomes between multiparous(MP;n=10)and primiparous(PP;n=10)Holstein dairy cows.Isolated MFGM proteins were labeled using Tandem Mass tagging and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).Protein identification was completed using MASCOT and Sequest in Proteome Discoverer 2.2.The scaled abundance values were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS to determine the effects of milking(MIL),parity(PAR),and MIL×PAR.The adaptive false-discovery rate(FDR)-adjusted P values were determined using PROC MULTTEST.Protein characterization and bioinformatic analysis were completed using a combination of PANTHER,Blast,and Uniprot.Results:A total of 104 common proteins were identified in each of the MFGM samples.Statistical analysis revealed that 70.2%of identified proteins were affected by MIL.Of these,78.1%were lower in M14 compared with M1,including immune-related proteins lactotransferrin,lactadherin and hemopexin.parity affected 44.2%of proteins.Of the proteins affected by PAR,84.8%were higher in MP cows compared with PP cows,including apolipoprotein E and histones 2A,2B,3,and 4 b.Butyrophilin subfamily 1 member 1A and annexin 5 were higher in samples from PP cows.Milking×parity affected 32.7%of identified proteins,including lactotransferrin,gelsolin,vitamin D binding protein,and S100 proteins.Conclusions:This research supports previous findings that

关键词： Colostrum LC-MS/MS parity

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parity space-based fault diagnosis of CCBII braking system

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第10期20卷 2922-2928页

作者：黄志武杨迎泽王晶李赟 School of Information Science and Engineering Central South University Institute of Communication Control and Safe Operation for Transportation SystemCentral South University Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation School of Computer Engineering Bethune-Cookman University

Fault diagnosis is a key issue of the CCBII(computer controlled brake II) braking system, because the CCBII braking system is very complicated and nonlinear, which may exhibit isolated and multi-component coupled faults. A parity space-based method was proposed for fault diagnosis of CCBII braking systems. Firstly, the mathematical models were established according to three function modules of CCBII braking systems where the air fluid theory was utilized. Then, parity vector and threshold function were designed for each output of the system so as to identify more system faults. Fault character matrix was built based on the causal relationship between the output and the fault according to the system function and internal structure. Finally, fault detection and isolation can be realized by the comparison of the observed system output and the fault character matrix. Simulation results show that the proposed method is entirely feasible and effective.

关键词： computer controlled brake II braking system FDI air fluid theory parity space

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Anti-parity-time symmetry enabled on-chip chiral polarizer

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Photonics Research 2022年第1期10卷 76-83页

作者： YANXIAN WEI HAILONG ZHOU YUNTIAN CHEN YUNHONG DING JIANJI DONG XINLIANG ZHANG Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics School of Optical and Electronic InformationHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Photonics Engineering Technical University of Denmark2800 LyngbyDenmark SiPhotonIC ApS 2830 VirumDenmark

Encircling an exceptional point(EP) in a parity-time(PT) symmetric system has shown great potential for chiral optical devices,such as chiral mode switching for symmetric and antisymmetric modes.However,to our best knowledge,chiral switching for polarization states has never been reported,although chiral polarization manipulation has significant applications in imaging,sensing,communication,etc.Here,inspired by the anti-PT symmetry,we demonstrate,for the first time to our best knowledge,an on-chip chiral polarizer by constructing a polarization-coupled anti-PT symmetric system.The transmission axes of the chiral polarizer are different for forward and backward propagation.A polarization extinction ratio of over 10 dB is achieved for both propagating directions.Moreover,a telecommunication experiment is performed to demonstrate the potential applications in polarization encoding signals.It provides a novel functionality for encircling-an-EP parametric evolution and offers a new approach for on-chip chiral polarization manipulation.

关键词： chiral symmetry parity

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Effects of a Λ hyperon on the negative-parity states of ^(20)Ne

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第5期66卷 207-207页

作者： Ji-Wei Cui Xian-Rong Zhou School of Physics Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Department of Physics East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

The properties of the clusterized structure in ^(21)_(Λ)Ne are stud-ied in detail based on a beyond relativistic mean-field(RMF)model in a recent paper[1],“The interplay of single-particle and collective motions in the low-lying states of ^(21)_(Λ)Ne with quadrupole-octupole correlations”.The intrinsic mean-field states of ^(21)_(Λ)Ne with quadrupole and octupole constraints are projected on certain angular momenta and parities,and the generator coordinate method is used to simultaneously consider configurational mixing.

关键词： states parity collective

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Direct measurement of the concurrence of hybrid entangled state based on parity check measurements

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第1期28卷 205-209页

作者：张曼周澜钟伟盛宇波 Institute of Quantum Information and Technology Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China School of Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology(Ministry of Education) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China

The hybrid entangled state is widely discussed in quantum information processing. In this paper, we propose the first protocol to directly measure the concurrence of the hybrid entangled state. To complete the measurement, we design parity check measurements(PCMs) for both the single polarization qubit and the coherent state. In this protocol, we perform three rounds of PCMs. The results show that we can convert the concurrence into the success probability of picking up the correct states from the initial entangled states. This protocol only uses polarization beam splitters, beam splitters, and weak cross-Kerr nonlinearities, which is feasible for future experiments. This protocol may be useful in future quantum information processing.

关键词： hybrid entangled state quantum computation parity measurement concurrence

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