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pancreatic parenchymal injection of ethanol and octreotide to induce focal pancreatic fibrosis in rats: Strategies to eliminate postoperative pancreatic fistula

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Hepatobiliary & pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第1期17卷 81-85页

作者： Soo Ho Lee Tae Ho Hong Department of Surgery Uijeongbu St.Mary’s Hospital College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Department of Surgery Seoul St.Mary’s Hospital College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea

Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF) is more likely to occur in a soft pancreas compared to a hard pancreas in which fibrosis has progressed. There is almost no leakage at the anastomosis site or cut surface of a hard pancreas. The aim of this study was to induce localized fibrosis at the cut surface of the pancreas in a rat model.Methods: Thirty-six rats were divided into three groups(group S: normal saline group; group E: ethanol group; and group O: octreotide group). Each rat was directly injected with a particular compound at the duodenal lobe of the pancreatic parenchyma. Each group was divided into three subgroups according to the time of post-injection sacrifice(1, 2, or 4 weeks). The hardness, suture holding capacity(SHC), and histological fibrosis grade of each pancreas were measured.Results: The hardness, SHC, and fibrosis grade of groups E and O were increased at week 1, with greater increases in group E(all P fibrosis grade of group E tended to decrease gradually over time, with no regular pattern evident in group O. A comparison between the injected site(duodenal lobe) and non-injected site(splenic lobe) of the pancreas revealed increases in the three parameters of group E only in the duodenal lobe, with increases in group O at both the duodenal and splenic lobes.Conclusions: Parenchymal injection of ethanol and octreotide increased pancreatic fibrosis. Unlike octreotide, ethanol provoked localized fibrosis that was maintained over time. It is expected that ethanol injection could eliminate POPF during pancreatic surgery.

关键词： Ethanol Octreotide pancreatic fibrosis pancreatic fistula Rat model

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An immortalized rat pancreatic stellate cell line RP-2 as a new cell model for evaluating pancreatic fibrosis,inflammation and immunity

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Hepatobiliary & pancreatic Diseases International 2015年第6期14卷 651-659页

作者： Rong-Li Piao Ming Xiu David R Brigstock Run-Ping Gao Department of Hepatic-biliary-pancreatic Medicine the First Hospital of Jilin University The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery Department of Surgerythe Ohio State University

BACKGROUND： pancreatic stellate cells （PSCs） play a critical role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic fibrosis and have emerging functions as progenitor cells, immune cells or intermediaries in pancreatic exocrine secretion. Increasing evidence has shown that desmin as an exclusive cytoskeleton marker of PSC is only expressed in part of these cells. This study was to establish a desmin-positive PSC cell line and evaluate its actions on pancreatic fibrosis, inflammation and immunity.

关键词： pancreatic stellate cell pancreatic fibrosis Toll-like receptor 4 inflammation immunity

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Dachaihu decoction ameliorates pancreatic fibrosis by inhibiting macrophage infiltration in chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第40期23卷 7242-7252页

作者： Li-Fang Duan Xiao-Fan Xu Lin-Jia Zhu Fang Liu Xiao-Qin Zhang Nan Wu Jian-Wei Fan Jia-Qi Xin Hong Zhang Department of Pathophysiology Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Medical Experiment Center Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine

AIM To explore the role of macrophages in chronic pancreatitis(CP) and the effect of Dachaihu decoction(DCHD) on pancreatic fibrosis in mice.METHODS Kun Ming mice were randomly divided into a control group, CP group, and DCHD group. In the CP and DCHD groups, mice were intraperitoneally injected with 20% L-arginine(3 g/kg twice 1 d/wk for 6 wk). Mice in the DCHD group were administered DCHD intragastrically at a dose of 14 g/kg/d 1 wk after CP induction. At 2 wk, 4 wk and 6 wk post-modeling, the morphology of the pancreas was observed using hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson staining. Interleukin-6(IL-6) serum levels were assayed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Double immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the co-expression of F4/80 and IL-6 in the pancreas. Inflammatory factors including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α(MIP-1α) and IL-6 were determined using real time-polymerase chain reaction. Western blot analysis was used to detect fibronectin levels in the pancreas. RESULTS Compared with the control group, mice with 20% L-arginine-induced CP had obvious macrophage infiltration and a higher level of fibrosis. IL-6 serum concentrations were significantly increased. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that IL-6 and F4/80 were co-expressed in the pancreas. With the administration of DCHD, the infiltration of macrophages and degree of fibrosis in the pancreas were significantly attenuated; IL-6, MCP-1 and MIP-1α m RNA, and fibronectin levels were reduced. CONCLUSION The dominant role of macrophages in the development of CP was mainly related to IL-6 production. DCHD was effective in ameliorating pancreatic fibrosis by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and inflammatory factor secretion in the pancreas.

关键词： Dachaihu decoction pancreatic fibrosis Macrophages Interleukin-6

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Comprehensive review of diagnostic modalities for early chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第27期27卷 4342-4357页

作者： Qi-Chao Ge Christoph F Dietrich Manoop S Bhutani Bao-Zhen Zhang Yue Zhang Yi-Dan Wang Jing-JingZhang Yu-Fan Wu Si-Yu Sun Jin-Tao Guo Department of Gastroenterology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004Liaoning ProvinceChina Department Allgemeine Innere Medizin Salem und PermanenceBern CH-3000Switzerland Department of Gastrointestinal Hepatology and NutritionThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States

Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a progressive condition caused by several factors and characterised by pancreatic fibrosis and dysfunction.However,CP is difficult to diagnose at an early stage.Various advanced methods including endoscopic ultrasound based elastography and confocal laser endomicroscopy have been used to diagnose early CP,although no unified diagnostic standards have been established.In the past,the diagnosis was mainly based on imaging,and no comprehensive evaluations were performed.This review describes and compares the advantages and limitations of the traditional and latest diagnostic modalities and suggests guidelines for the standardisation of the methods used to diagnose early CP.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis pancreatic fibrosis Early diagnosis Ultrasound endoscopy Endosonography Elastography Confocal laser endomicroscopy

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