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Chinese herbal medicine combined with Western medicine for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children:An overview of systematic reviews

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第1期11卷 131-139页

作者： Si Zhang Xuan Zhang Yuehua Cui Juan Huang Fei Fan Simeng Wang Fei Han Guang'anmen Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100053China School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Objective:To summarize the characteristics and evaluate the quality of the methodology and evidence within systematic reviews(SRs)of Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)inchildren.Methods:SRs of randomized controlled trials were searched using PubMed,the Cochrane Library,Embase,the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Databases(CNKI),the Chinese Scientific Journals Database(VIP),Wanfang,and the SinoMed Database.SRs on the use of CHM alone or in combination with Western medications for MPP in children were included.The study compared the effects of Western medicine alone with those of CHM.The evidence quality using the A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews(AMSTAR)2,the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)2020,and the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)criteria.The primary indicators were the total effective rate,fever subsidence time,and cough disappearance time.The secondary outcomes were pulmonary rale disappearance time,average hospitalization time,lung X-ray infiltrate disappearance time,immunological indices,and inflammatory cytokine levels.Results:Twelve relevant SRs were included;75%(9/12)were assessed as very low quality,and 25%(3/12)Were rated as low quality using the AMSTAR 2 criteria.According to the PRISMA 2020 checklist,the average SR score was 20.3 out of a 27 point maximum.In all SRs,CHM demonstrated improvement in symptoms and signs among children with MPP.The evidence quality using the GRADE criteria ranged from"very low"(>50%)to"moderate"(overview highlights the limited quality of the methodology and evidence of the included SRs.Although the included studies showed the beneficial effects of CHM on MPP in children,it was difficult to draw firm conclusions owing to methodological flaws.

关键词： Chinese herbal medicine Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia Children overview Systematic review

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overview of research and development of nearly zero energy buildings in China

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National Science Open 2024年第3期3卷 70-87页

作者： Zhen Yu Caifeng Gao Jiaxin Yang Jianlin Wu Huan Zhang Institute of Building Environment and Energy China Academy of Building Research

In recent years,the promotion of nearly zero-energy buildings(NZEBs) in China has emerged as a crucial step for the building industry in shifting towards a green and low-carbon future.Starting from scratch,the development of NZEBs in China has included the application and fundamental research,the compilation of national and local standards,and the rapid emergence of projects encompassing 23.89 million square meters nationwide.These efforts have yielded preliminary results in national standards,technology systems,technical roadmaps,and large-scale project demonstrations.However,challenges,including further reducing incremental costs,developing industries for retrotitting existing buildings into NZEBs,and expanding the range of policy incentives,remain to be addressed.This article provides an overview of the last decade's progress in NZEBs in China,covering key technological research,policy development,engineering demonstrations,and the current industrial development status.Finally,the prospects of the NZEB industry are discussed.

关键词： nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEB) overview cost incentive policy demonstration

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Effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for treating functional constipation: An overview of systematic reviews

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第1期20卷 13-25页

作者： Jun-peng Yao Li-ping Chen Xian-jun Xiao Ting-hui Hou Si-yuan Zhou Ming-min Xu Kai Wang Yu-jun Hou Lin Zhang Ying Li Acupuncture and Tuina School Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075Sichuan ProvinceChina School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of General Practice West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Graduate School Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075Sichuan ProvinceChina

Background: Functional constipation(FC) is one of the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorders. Dissatisfaction with medications prescribed to treat FC may lead patients to seek alternative treatments. Numerous systematic reviews(SRs) examining the use of acupuncture to treat FC have reported inconsistent results, and the quality of these studies has not been fully evaluated.Objective: In this overview, we evaluated and summarized clinical evidence on the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for treating FC and evaluated the quality and bias of the SRs we reviewed.Search strategy: The search strategy was structured by medical subject headings and search terms such as‘‘acupuncture therapy" and ‘‘functional constipation." Electronic searches were conducted in eight databases from their inception to September 2020.Inclusion criteria: SRs that investigated the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for managing FC were included.Data extraction and analysis: Two authors independently extracted information and appraised the methodology, reporting accuracy, quality of evidence, and risk of bias using the following critical appraisal tools:(1) A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2(AMSTAR 2);(2) Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews(ROBIS);(3) Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses for Acupuncture(PRISMA-A);and(4) the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations(GRADE). A j index was used to score the level of agreement between the 2 reviewers.Results: Thirteen SRs that examined the clinical utility of acupuncture for treating FC were identified.Using the AMSTAR 2 tool, we rated 92.3%(12/13) of the SRs as ‘‘critically low" confidence and one study as ‘‘low" confidence. Using the ROBIS criteria, 38.5%(5/13) of the SRs were considered to have ‘‘low risk"of bias. Based on PRISMA-A, 76.9%(10/13) of the SRs had over 70% compliance with reporting standards.The inter-rater agreement was good for AMSTAR 2, ROBIS, and PRISMA-A. Using the GRADE tool, we cla

关键词： Functional constipation Acupuncture overview Systematic review Meta-analysis

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Research Progress of Zhuang Medicine Combined with Nanogels in Mastitis

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2024年第2期13卷 68-71页

作者： Liying XU Chunling YANG Yeting LE Lianzhi TAN Liying TAN Ting LIU Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning 530001China

Mastitis is a common and frequently-occurring disease among Chinese women, which seriously harms their mental and physical health. External application of Zhuang medicine has the effects of dredging collaterals, relieving pain, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, and softening hardness to dissipate stagnation, and show definite curative effect in preventing and treating breast diseases. Nano-composite hydrogels have the advantages of small toxic and side effects, high bioavailability, high targeting and controllable drug release. Therefore, this paper summarized and analyzed relevant literature of Zhuang medicine in treating breast diseases and clinical research of nanogels, providing new ideas and scientific basis for the treatment of mastitis with Zhuang medicine combined with nanogels.

关键词： Mastitis Zhuang medicine Nanogel overview

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Common traditional Chinese medicine therapies for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: An overview of systematic reviews

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2022年第3期9卷 330-339页

作者： Jun Zhao Xia Li Xiaowei Chen Hui Zheng Kun Ye Yunzhou Shi Xin Xie Jianfang Wang Min Chen Zhigang Li School of Acupuncture Moxibustion and TuinaBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing102488China Department of Spleen StomachLiver and Gallbladder DiseasesDongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing100078China The Third Hospital/Acupuncture and Tuina School Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu610075China Anorectal Disease Department Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu610072China

Objective: To critically evaluate and summarize the methodological quality of systematic reviews(SRs)and present objective and important outcomes on the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) therapies, including Chinese herbal medicine(CHM), acupuncture, and moxibustion, for diarrheapredominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D).Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search for SRs in 7 databases until April 16, 2022.Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of the reviews according to the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2(AMSTAR-2), the Risk of Bias in Systematic reviews(ROBIS) tool, and the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis(PRISMA) statement. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation(GRADE) was used to rate the quality of evidence.Results: IBS-D patients included in 12 reviews were diagnosed in accordance with the Rome criteria, 9 reviews focused on CHM, 2 articles observed moxibustion and heat-sensitive moxibustion, 1 article studied acupuncture and CHM. The outcomes of the SRs were the effectiveness rate, the total effectiveness rate,global symptom improvement, and adverse effects. Based on AMSTAR-2, which measures the quality of methodology, all of the included studies were of low or critically low quality. According to the ROBIS tool, 10 SRs(83.33%) had a high risk of bias. With the PRISMA checklist, only 3 SRs reached over 90% compliance.Based on GRADE, most evidence was of low quality, and there was a moderate quality of evidence that the effectiveness rate of modified-Tongxie Yaofang was superior to Western medicine in the treatment of IBS-D.Conclusion: Given the suboptimal reporting and methodological quality of existing SRs, more studies are needed to clarify whether TCM therapies are more effective or safe than pharmacological medicine.Future studies should combine evidence-based medicine with TCM research according to the characteristics of TCM.

关键词： Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome overview Traditional Chinese medicine therapies AMSTAR-2 GRADE PRISMA ROBIS

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50 years of scanning electron microscopy of bone——a comprehensive overview of the important discoveries made and insights gained into bone material properties in health,disease,and taphonomy

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Bone Research 2019年第2期7卷 123-137页

作者： Furqan A.Shah Krisztina Ruscsák Anders Palmquist Department of Biomaterials Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg

Bone is an architecturally complex system that constantly undergoes structural and functional optimisation through renewal and repair.The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is among the most frequently used instruments for examining bone.It offers the key advantage of very high spatial resolution coupled with a large depth of field and wide field of view.Interactions between incident electrons and atoms on the sample surface generate backscattered electrons,secondary electrons,and various other signals including X-rays that relay compositional and topographical information.Through selective removal or preservation of specific tissue components (organic,inorganic,cellular,vascular),their individual contribution(s) to the overall functional competence can be elucidated.With few restrictions on sample geometry and a variety of applicable sample-processing routes,a given sample may be conveniently adapted for multiple analytical methods.While a conventional SEM operates at high vacuum conditions that demand clean,dry,and electrically conductive samples,non-conductive materials (e.g.,bone) can be imaged without significant modification from the natural state using an environmental scanning electron microscope.This review highlights important insights gained into bone microstructure and pathophysiology,bone response to implanted biomaterials,elemental analysis,SEM in paleoarchaeology,3D imaging using focused ion beam techniques,correlative microscopy and in situ experiments.The capacity to image seamlessly across multiple length scales within the meso-micro-nano-continuum,the SEM lends itself to many unique and diverse applications,which attest to the versatility and user-friendly nature of this instrument for studying bone.Significant technological developments are anticipated for analysing bone using the SEM.

关键词： scanning electron microscopy comprehensive overview important discoveries

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overview of multiplex immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence techniques in the era of cancer immunotherapy

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Cancer Communications 2020年第4期40卷 135-153页

作者： Wei Chang Colin Tan Sanjna Nilesh Nerurkar Hai Yun Cai Harry Ho Man Ng Duoduo Wu Yu Ting Felicia Wee Jeffrey Chun Tatt Lim Joe Yeong Tony Kiat Hon Lim Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore169856Singapore Department of Anatomical Pathology Singapore General HospitalSingapore169856Singapore Institute of Molecular Cell Biology(IMCB) Agency of ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore169856Singapore Singapore Immunology Network Agency of Science(SIgN)Technology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore169856Singapore Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore169856Singapore

Conventional immunohistochemistry(IHC)is a widely used diagnostic technique in tissue pathology.However,this technique is associated with a number of limitations,including high inter-observer variability and the capacity to label only one marker per tissue section.This review details various highly multiplexed techniques that have emerged to circumvent these constraints,allowing simultaneous detection of multiple markers on a single tissue section and the comprehensive study of cell composition,cellular functional and cell-cell interactions.Among these techniques,multiplex Immunohistochemistry/Immunofluorescence(mIHC/IF)has emerged to be particularly promising.mIHC/IF provides high-throughput multiplex staining and standardized quantitative analysis for highly reproducible,efficient and cost-effective tissue studies.This technique has immediate potential for translational research and clinical practice,particularly in the era of cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： immunofluorescence immunohistochemistry immunotherapy multiplex overview

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Acupuncture for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome:An overview of Systematic Reviews

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第12期27卷 940-946页

作者： YIN Zi-han WANG Lin-jia CHENG Ying CHEN Jiao HONG Xiao-juan ZHAO Ling LIANG Fan-rong School of Acu-Mox and Tuina Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu(610075)China Acupuncture Clinical Research Center Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu(610075)China

Objective To evaluate the quality of the existing studies and summarize evidence of important outcomes of meta-analyses/systematic reviews(MAs/SRs)of CFS.Methods Potentially eligible studies were searched in the following electronic databases from inception to 1 September,2019:Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM),China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang Database(WF),Web of Science,Embase,PubMed and Cochrane Library.Grades of Recommendation,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)was used to evaluate the quality of evidence.The methodological quality of the literature was evaluated by A Measure Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews-2(AMSTAR-2)and the quality of the report was assessed by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses(PRISMA).The intra-class correlation coefficient was used to assess the consistency of the reviewers,with an overall intraclass correlation coefficient score of 0.967.Results Ten MAs/SRs were included.The overall conclusions were that acupuncture had good safety and efficacy in the treatment of CFS,but some of these results were contradictory.The GRADE indicated that out of the 17 outcomes,high-quality evidence was provided in 0(0%),moderate in 3(17.65%),low in 10(58.82%),and very low in 4(23.53%).The results of AMSTAR-2 showed that the methodological quality of all included studies was critically low.The PRISMA statement revealed that 8 articles(80%)were in line with 20 of the 27-item checklist,and 2 articles(20%)matched with 10-19 of the 27 items.Conclusion We found that acupuncture on treating CFS has the advantage for efficacy and safety,but the quality of SRs/MAs of acupuncture for CFS need to be improved.

关键词： chronic fatigue syndrome acupuncture overview AMSTAR-2 GRADE PRISMA

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Cupping Therapy for Diseases: An overview of Scientific Evidence from 2009 to 2019

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第5期27卷 394-400页

作者： WANG Song-zi LU Yong-hui WU Min CHEN Ke-ji LIU Yue LIU Long-tao Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Xiyuan HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100091China General Department Guang’anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical ScienceBeijing 100053China Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Xiyuan HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100091China

Cupping therapy has been accepted worldwide,and many studies have been conducted to reveal its curative effects and mechanisms.To comprehensively evaluate the effect of cupping therapy,database including China Network Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Chinese Scientific Journal Database VIP,Wan Fang Database,Chinese Biomedicine(CBM),Pub Med and Web of Science were searched from 2009–2019.We summarized all the meta-analyses,randomized controlled trials,clinical trials and the mechanisms studies of cupping therapy in the previous 10 years,hoping to provide a reference for the clinical applications and studies.

关键词： cupping overview clinical trial efficacy mechanism non-drug therapy

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Interventions for preventing influenza: An overview of Cochrane systematic reviews and a Bayesian network meta-analysis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第6期19卷 503-514页

作者： Yi Yuan Rui-ting Wang Jun Xia Hui-juan Cao Department of Tuina and Pain Management Dongzhimen HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100700China Department of Cardiology Dongzhimen HospitalBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100700China Nottingham Ningbo GRADE Centre The University of Nottingham NingboNingbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Division of Epidemiology and Public Health School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China

Background:Influenza places a heavy public health burden in numerous countries every year.In addition to vaccines,there are some interventions that are effective in preventing influenza.Objective:This overview of systematic reviews(SRs)aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of interventions for influenza prevention.Search strategy:We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,2020,Issue 1 for relevant Cochrane SRs using the keywords‘‘common cold,"‘‘influenza,"and‘‘flu."Inclusion criteria:Cochrane SRs that investigated the prevention of influenza were included.Participants included the general population without influenza or influenza-like symptoms,who were treated with preventative interventions and compared to individuals receiving no treatment or placebo.Data extraction and analysis:Two reviewers independently screened citations against pre-defined inclusion criteria and extracted data.The methodological quality of these SRs was evaluated using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews-II(AMSTAR-II)guidelines.The primary outcome of our analysis was the incidence of influenza,and the secondary outcomes were the incidence of influenza-like illness and hospitalization.In addition to the narrative summary of SR findings,we also pooled data from homogeneous trials among these SRs and produced evidence mapping.We conducted a network meta-analysis to compare the effect across interventions and used the Cochrane approach to grading of recommendations,assessment,development,and evaluation(GRADE)to assess the quality of evidence.Results:Eleven Cochrane SRs were included,covering five medications,eleven vaccinations and four complementary therapies.Among these SRs,73%scored"high"quality on AMSTAR-II rating.We found that eight interventions,including amantadine,garlic,and six different vaccines,were beneficial for reducing the incidence of influenza compared to placebo,while oseltamivir,zanamivir,Ganmao capsule,Echinacea,and another three types of vaccine were probably beneficial.Ganmao ca

关键词： Influenza Preventive measure overview Network meta-analysis Evidence mapping Systematic review

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