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Resource use efficiency, ecological intensification and sustainability of intercropping systems

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1542-1550页

作者： MAO Li-li ZHANG Li-zhen ZHANG Si-ping Jochem B Evers Wopke van der Werf WANG Jing-jing SUN Hong-quan SU Zhi-cheng Huub Spiertz College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University College of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Centre for Crop Systems Analysis (CSA) Department of Plant Sciences Wageningen University China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

The rapidly growing demand for food, feed and fuel requires further improvements of land and water management, crop productivity and resource-use *** field experimentation and crop growth modelling during the past five decades made a great leap forward in the understanding of factors that determine actual and potential yields of *** research field of production ecology developed concepts to integrate biological and biophysical processes with the aim to explore crop growth potential in contrasting *** understand the potential of more complex systems（multi-cropping and intercropping） we need an agro-ecosystem approach that integrates knowledge derived from various disciplines： agronomy, crop physiology, crop ecology, and environmental sciences（soil, water and climate）.Adaptation of cropping systems to climate change and a better tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses by genetic improvement and by managing diverse cropping systems in a sustainable way will be of key importance in food *** accelerate sustainable intensification of agricultural production, it is required to develop intercropping systems that are highly productive and stable under conditions with abiotic constraints（water, nutrients and weather）.Strategies to achieve sustainable intensification include developing tools to evaluate crop growth potential under more extreme climatic conditions and introducing new crops and cropping systems that are more productive and robust under conditions with abiotic *** paper presents some examples of sustainable intensification management of intercropping systems that proved to be tolerant to extreme climate conditions.

关键词： abiotic stress farming systems over-yielding resource use efficiency sustainability

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Positive effects of tree species richness on fine-root production in a subtropical forest in SE-China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 146-157页

作者： Zhenkai Sun Xiaojuan Liu Bernhard Schmid Helge Bruelheide Wensheng Bu Keping Ma State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences20 NanxincunXiangshanBeijing 100093China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNo.19 Yuquan RoadShijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZürichWinterthurerstr.1908057 ZürichSwitzerland Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle WittenbergAm Kirchtor 106120 HalleGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany

Aims Fine roots play an important role in the biogeochemical cycles of terrestrial ecosystems and are vital for understanding forest ecosystem functioning and *** plant species diversity has been largely reported to increase aboveground community biomass,but how biodiversity affects fine-root production and the related mechanisms in forests remain *** this study,we aim to answer two questions:(i)does fine-root production increase with tree species richness?(ii)Can this effect be explained by niche complementarity among species?Methods We analyzed data from a large forest biodiversity experiment(BEF-China)with 5-year-old ***-root growth was measured as standing biomass and annual fine-root regrowth was estimated using ingrowth ***,relative yield was calculated to test whether over-or under-yielding occurred when mixtures were compared with the average monoculture of the species included in the *** calculated functional diversity for fine-root(≤2 mm in diameter)traits by Rao’s quadratic entropy index for each species *** effects of manipulated tree species richness and identity on fine-root traits were analyzed with linear mixed-effects *** models were also used to test the relationships between tree species richness and fine-root standing biomass,annual regrowth and vertical *** Findings Fine roots of more than one species were found in half of the soil cores in mixtures indicating that belowground interactions in these young forest stands occurred much earlier than canopy *** found significant differences among species in fine-root traits such as diameter and specific root length(SRL),which suggested different resource-use strategies and niche partitioning among *** fine-root diameter of species ranged from 0.31 to 0.74 mm,mean SRL ranged from 12.43 m·g^(−1)to 70.22 m·g^(−1)and mean vertical distribution indexβranged from 0.68 to *** was a significant positive re

关键词： Biodiversity fine-root biomass fine-root regrowth niche complementarity over-yielding

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