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osmotic adjustment and up-regulation expression of stress-responsive genes in tomato induced by soil salinity resulted from nitrate fertilization

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第3期11卷 126-136页

作者： Tingting Chang Yujie Zhang Huilian Xu Xiaohou Shao Qicong Xu Fenglan Li Lina Yu Zhanyu Zhang Key Laboratory of Efficient Irrigation-Drainage and Agricultural Soil-Water Environment in Southern China of Ministry of Education Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Agricultural Science and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China International Nature Farming Research Center Matsumoto390-1401 Japan Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150000China Rizhao Institute of Agricultural Sciences Rizhao276800China

Concerns about the soil salinity caused by excessive fertilization have prompted scientists to clarify the detailed mechanisms and find techniques to alleviate the damage caused by this kind of soil *** of this study were to elucidate the effect of soil salinity caused by nitrate fertilization and the differences in salinity effect between nitrate salts and NaCl salt with analyses at various levels of crop physiology and molecular biology.A microbial inoculation was also tried to verify whether it could alleviate the salinity-induced loss and *** three experiments(Exp I,II and III),nitrate salts(NS)of Ca(NO_(3))_(2) and KNO_(3) were applied to potted tomato plants to simulate the soil salinity caused by fertilization and a microbial inoculant(MI)was *** was measured using *** adjustment was analyzed using the mathematically modeled pressure-volume curve;O_(2)-concentration and activity of SOD and nitrate reductase were *** of nitrate reductase gene and the stress-responsive gene DREB2 was analyzed using the real-time PCR *** Exp I and II,where the applied NS amount was moderate,NS application at low concentration induced increases in O_(2)-and MDA concentrations and plants acclimated to the soil salinity as the treatment prolonged for *** acclimation was contributed by osmotic adjustment,activation of SOD and re-compartmentation of cell water between symplasm and *** adjustments might be ultimately attributed to up-regulation of stress-responsive genes such as DREB2 as well as the nitrate reductase(NR)***,in Exp III,applications of NaCl and NS at high concentration could not show positive effects as NS *** of MI synergistically increased the xerophytophysiological regulation caused by NS and alleviated the salinity damage in addition to its own positive effects on the tomato *** from NaCl,nitrate salts at low application rate increased the total b

关键词： nitrate fertilizer osmotic adjustment salinity stress soil salinization tomato(Solanum lycopersicum) xerophytophysiology microorganism bioremediation

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Effects of excessive nitrogen fertilizer and soil moisture deficiency on antioxidant enzyme system and osmotic adjustment in tomato seedlings

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第2期15卷 127-134页

作者： Yujie Zhang Shuangen Yu Zijia Li Tingting Chang Qicong Xu Huilian Xu Jie Zhang College of Agricultural Science and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China International Nature Farming Research Center Matsumoto 390-1401Japan

Long-term excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer induces secondary salinization of soil,which results in inhibiting plant *** addition,soil moisture deficiency also affects plant *** investigate the effects of excessive nitrogen fertilizer and soil moisture deficiency on the antioxidant enzyme system,plant water relations analyzed through pressure-volume(P-V)curve,and photosynthetic light response parameters in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum ***)seedlings,an indoor experiment of about 50 d was conducted using two irrigation water amounts based on field capacity(soil moisture deficiency:50%-80%;adequate water:70%-80%),two nitrogen fertilizer rates(moderate nitrogen;excessive nitrogen fertilizer:0.585 g/pot)and two types of irrigation water(tap water and microbial diluent).The results showed that excessive nitrogen fertilizer(N)and soil moisture deficiency(W)reduced the biomass of tomato *** comparison to CK(combination of adequate water and tap water quality),microbial dilution(EM)increased plant biomass by 5.2%.Also,the nitrogen application increased chlorophyll relative contents(SPAD).The maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pc)decreased with nitrogen application and increased with EM application and irrigation *** nitrogen application increased the plant nitrate reductase activity(NR).The plant NR in the N treatment showed a 13.0%increase compared to CK,and the plant NR in the treatment of nitrogen application with water deficiency(WN)increased 34.0%compared to water deficiency(W).After applying excessive nitrogen,N,EM-N,WN,EM-WN respectively increased the plant nitrate reductase activity by 13.0%,22.9%,34.0%,and 28.6%,compared with the corresponding treatment with moderate nitrogen(i.e.,CK,EM,W and EM-W).In addition,the activities of antioxidant enzymes[superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)]in four treatments of nitrogen application(N,EM-N,WN,EM-WN)also increased *** soil moisture and nitroge

关键词： antioxidant enzyme nitrogen osmotic adjustment pressure-volume curve stress tomato water

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Exogenous Glycine Betaine Reduces Drought Damage by Mediating osmotic adjustment and Enhancing Antioxidant Defense in Phoebe hunanensis

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第1期91卷 129-148页

作者： Yujie Yang Chengshi Huang Zuguo Ge Bengeng Zhou Guangju Su Chunling Liu Yongjun Fei College of Horticulture and Gardening Yangtze UniversityJingzhou434025China Economics and Management School Yangtze UniversityJingzhou434025China Chenglong Municipal Garden Design and Research Co.Ltd. Jingzhou434020China Shuangzhu Forest Farm Shiyan442300China

Drought stress negatively impacts growth and physiological processes in *** foliar application of glycine betaine(GB)is an effective and low-cost approach to improve the drought tolerance of *** study examined the effect of exogenously applied GB on the cell membrane permeability,osmotic adjustment,and antioxidant enzyme activities of Phoebe hunanensis Hand.-Mazz under drought *** levels(0 and 800 mL)of water irrigation were tested under different applied GB concentrations(0,50,100,and 200 mM).Drought stress decreased the relative water content by 58.5%while increased the electric conductivity,malondialdehyde,proline,soluble proteins,soluble sugars,and antioxidant enzyme activities(superoxide dismutase,catalase,peroxidase)by up to 62.9%,42.4%,87.0%,19.1%,60.5%,68.3%,71.7%,and 83.8%,respectively,on the 25^(th) *** foliar application of GB,especially at 100 mM,increased the relative water content of *** leaves under drought *** concentration of GB from 50 to 100 mM effectively alleviated the improvement of cell membrane permeability and inhibited the accumulation of membrane lipid peroxidation *** drought stress,the concentrations of proline,soluble proteins,and soluble sugars in the leaves of *** increased as the applied GB concentration was increased and the water stress time was *** applied GB decreased oxidative stress and improved antioxidant enzyme activities as compared with treatments without GB ***,the physiological and biochemical indexes of *** showed a certain dose effect on exogenous GB *** results suggest that GB helps maintain the drought tolerance of ***.

关键词： Phoebe hunanensis Hand.-Mazz drought stress glycine betaine osmotic adjustment antioxidant enzymes activity

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Changes in Content of Free,Conjugated and Bound Polyamines and osmotic adjustment in Adaptation of Vetiver Grass to Water Deficit

Changes in Content of Free,Conjugated and Bound Polyamines a...

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中国植物生理学会第十次会员代表大会暨全国学术年会

作者： Q. Zhou, B.J. Yu College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. Chinaa

＜正＞osmotic adjustment and alteration of polyamines （PAs） have been suggested to play roles in plant adaptation to water deficit/drought stress. In this study, the changes in the cell membrane integrity, plant gro... 详细信息

关键词： osmotic adjustment Polyamines Rewatering Vetiver grass Water deficit

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Photosynthetic, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Tomato Plants to Polyethylene Glycol-Induced Water Deficit

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第12期47卷 1470-1478页

作者： Hatem ZGALLAI Kathy STEPPE Raoul LEMEUR Laboratory of Plant Ecology Ghent University Coupure Links 653 B-9000 Ghent Belgium

Polyethylene glycol （PEG 6000）-induced water deficit causes physiological as well as biochemical changes in plants. The present study reports on the results of such changes in hydroponically grown tomato plants （Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Nikita）. Plants were subjected to moderate and severe levels of water stress （i.e. water potentials in the nutrient solution of- 0.51 and -1.22 MPa, respectively）. Water stress markedly affected the parameters of gas exchange. Net photosynthetic rate （Pn） decreased with the induction of water stress. Accordingly, a decrease in the transpiration rate （E） was observed. The ratio of both （Pn/E） resulted in a decrease in water use efficiency. One of the possible reasons for the reduction in Pn is structural damage to the thylakoids, which affects the photosynthetic transport of electrons. This was indicated by an increase in non-photochemical quenching and a reduction in the quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ. Furthermore, a decrease in both leaf water potential and leaf osmotic potential was observed, which resulted in a significant osmotic adjustment during stress conditions. Analysis of the physiological responses was complemented with a study on changes in proline content. In stressed plants, a 10-fold increase in proline content was detected compared with control plants. It is clear that water stress tolerance is the result of a cumulative action of various physiological and biochemical processes, all of which were affected by PEG 6000-induced water stress.

关键词： fluorescence Lycopersicon esculentum net photosynthetic rate osmotic adjustment proline water potential water stress water use efficiency.

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DROUGHT-INDUCED UNKNOWN PROTEIN 1 positively modulates drought tolerance in cultivated alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)

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The Crop Journal 2023年第1期11卷 57-70页

作者： Dong Luo Xi Zhang Jie Liu Yuguo Wu Qiang Zhou Longfa Fang Zhipeng Liu State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000GansuChina Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000GansuChina

Alfalfa is the most widely cultivated perennial legume forage crop *** is one of the major environmental factors influencing alfalfa ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying alfalfa responses to drought stress are still largely *** study identified a drought-inducible gene of unknown function,designated as Medicago sativa DROUGHT-INDUCED UNKNOWN PROTEIN 1(MsDIUP1).MsDIUP1 was localized to the nucleus,chloroplast,and plasma *** of MsDIUP1 in Arabidopsis resulted in increased tolerance to drought,with higher seed germination,root length,fresh weight,and survival rate than in wild-type(WT)***,analysis of MsDIUP1 over-expression(OE)alfalfa plants revealed that MsDIUP1 also increased tolerance to drought stress,accompanied by physiological changes including reduced malondialdehyde(MDA)content and increased osmoprotectants accumulation(free proline and soluble sugar),relative to the *** contrast,disruption of MsDIUP1 expression by RNA interference(RNAi)in alfalfa resulted in a droughthypersensitive phenotype,with a lower chlorophyll content,higher MDA content,and less osmoprotectants accumulation than that of the *** profiling of alfalfa WT,OE,and RNAi plants during drought stress showed differential responses for genes involved in stress signaling,antioxidant defense,and osmotic *** together,these results reveal a positive role for MsDIUP1 in regulating drought tolerance.

关键词： Medicago sativa L. MsDIUP1 Drought stress Antioxidant defense osmotic adjustment

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Transcriptome analysis of Porphyridium purpureum under salinities of 0 and 68

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第4期40卷 1600-1614页

作者： Xudan LU Fangru NAN Jia FENG Junping LÜ Qi LIU Xudong LIU Shulian XIE School of Life Science Shanxi Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Regional PlantsShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

The most prominent biological characteristic of Porphyridium purpureum is their unique extracellular sulfated polysaccharides that plays an important protective role against salt *** to stress is associated with metabolic ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying such metabolic changes remain *** study presents the fi rst transcriptome profi ling of ***.A total of 8019 assembled transcripts were identifi ed,annotated,and classifi ed into diff erent biological categories and pathways based on a BLAST analysis against various *** in-depth analysis revealed that many of the diff erentially expressed genes in *** under salinities of 68 and 0 involved polysaccharide metabolism.A comparison of the gene expression levels under diff erent salinities revealed that the polysaccharide synthetic pathway was signifi cantly upregulated under the 68 salinity *** increased expression of the FBP,pfkA,CS,pgm,USP,UGP2,galE,and MPI transcripts in the polysaccharide synthetic pathway and the increase in ATP2 and ATP6 transcripts in the energy metabolic pathway revealed the molecular mechanism of high-salt *** sequencing dataset and analysis could serve as a valuable resource to study the mechanisms involved in abiotic stress tolerance in Rhodophyta.

关键词： transcriptome salinity polysaccharides osmotic adjustment enzyme activity

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Salt Tolerance in Soybean

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第10期50卷 1196-1212页

作者： Tsui-Hung Phang Hon-Ming Lam Department of Biology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong China State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong China

Soybean is an important cash crop and its productivity is significantly hampered by salt stress. High salt imposes negative impacts on growth, nodulation, agronomy traits, seed quality and quantity, and thus reduces the yield of soybean. To cope with salt stress, soybean has developed several tolerance mechanisms, including：（i） maintenance of ion homeostasis; （ii） adjustment in response to osmotic stress; （iii） restoration of osmotic balance; and （iv） other metabolic and structural adaptations. The regulatory network for abiotic stress responses in higher plants has been studied extensively in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana. Some homologous components involved in salt stress responses have been identified in soybean. In this review, we tried to integrate the relevant works on soybean and proposes a working model to describe its salt stress responses at the molecular level.

关键词： abiotic stress Glycine max ion homeostasis osmotic adjustment reactive oxygen species scavenging salt tolerance soybean.

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Impact of gamma radiation and salinity on growth and K+/Na+ balance in two populations of Medicago sativa （L.） cultivar Gabès

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第9期18卷 1095-1105页

作者： Mokhtar Rejili Dalel Telahigue Belgacem Lachiheb Abdessalem Mrabet Ali Ferchichi Arid & Oases Cropping Laboratory Arid Area Institute (IRA) Medenine 4119 Tunisia

The perennial Medicago sativa ***ès is widely grown on saline soils in Tunisian *** and physiological analyses of two populations (Mareth and Gannouch) were conducted in order to study the efiect of salinity and gamma radiation (350 Gy) inter-action on two populations of this *** has been shown that the two irradiated populations of Medicago sativa are fairly tolerant to salt at growth phase compared to the *** to gamma irradiation (350 Gy), alone or in combination with salt stress, increased significantly (p osmotic ***, the non-irradiated populations are unable to adjust their internal osmot

关键词： Medicago sativa Gamma radiation Salinity osmotic adjustment K+/Na+ balance Tolerance

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Physiological response of four wolfberry (Lycium Linn.) species under drought stress

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第3期17卷 603-612页

作者： ZHAO Jian-hua LI Hao-xia ZHANG Cun-zhi AN wei YIN Yue WANG Ya-jun CAO You-long National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Yinchuan 750002 P. R. China Desertification Control Research Institute Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Yinchuan 750002 P.R.China Ningxia Professional Technology College Yinchuan 750021 P.R. China

We studied gas-exchange, chlorophyll pigments, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, and biomass partitioning responses in seedlings of four wolfberry species （Lycium chinense Mill. var. potaninii （Pojark.） A. M. Lu, Lycium chinense Mill., Lycium barbarum L., and Lycium yunnanense Kuang ＆ A. M. Lu） under four water supply regimes. In all four species, drought affected seedlings in terms of chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate （Pn）＇ transpiration rate （E）, and lipid peroxidation. Drought also increased some antioxidant enzyme activities, such as peroxidase （POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and ascorbate peroxidase （APX）. Significant changes in dry biomass partitioning also occurred in response to water stress. In particular, dry biomass of leaves and fruits decreased significantly. L. chinense Mill. and L. barbarum L. possessed greater drought tolerance and exhibited superior antioxidant processing ability and other related physiological traits compared to the other two species. L. chinense Mill. was the most tolerant to all levels of drought. In contrast,L, yunnanense Kuang ＆ A. M. Lu was more affected by water supply and had the lowest resistance to drought stress. These findings would provide some important information regarding genetic resources for future forest tree improvement in relation to drought tolerance.

关键词： drought Lycium Linn. chlorophyll fluoresc.ence osmotic adjustment antioxidant respond dry matter allocation

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