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An agent-based simulation with NetLogo platform to evaluate forward osmosis process(PRO Mode)

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第12期26卷 2487-2494页

作者： Mostafa Taherian Seyed Mahmoud Mousavi Hooman Chamani Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Research Center of Membrane Processes and Membrane Faculty of Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

Forward osmosis(FO), as an emerging technology, is influenced by different factors such as operating conditions,module characteristics, and membrane properties. The general aim of this study was to develop a suitable(flexible,comprehensive, and convenient to use) computational tool which is able to simulate osmosis through an asymmetric membrane oriented in pressure retarded osmosis(PRO) mode in a wide variety of scenarios. For this purpose, an agent-based model was created in NetLogo platform, which is an easy-to-use application environment with graphical visualization abilities and well suited for modeling a complex system evolving over time. The simulation results were validated with empirical data obtained from literature and a great agreement was observed. The effect of various parameters on process performance was investigated in terms of temperature,cross-flow velocity, length of the module, pure water permeability coefficient, and structural parameter of the membrane. Results demonstrated that the increase in all parameters, except structural parameter of the membrane and the length of module led to the increase of average water flux. Moreover, nine different draw solutes were selected in order to assess the influence of net bulk osmotic pressure difference between the draw solution(DS) and feed solution(FS)(known as the driving force of FO process) on water flux. Based on the findings of this paper, the performance of FO process(PRO mode) can be efficiently evaluated using the NetL ogo platform.

关键词： Agent-based model Forward osmosis (PRO mode) Membranes Net Logo platform Simulation Water flux

Investigation on removing recalcitrant toxic organic polluters in coking wastewater by forward osmosis

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第1期28卷 122-135页

作者： Zhiqiang Li Lanying Jiang Chongjian Tang School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410000China National Engineering Research Center for Control&Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution Changsha 410000China Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety Changsha 410000China

Investigation was made on the efficiency of two commercial membranes in removing via forward osmosis(FO)the low molecular weight organic compounds typical of coking wastewater. The membranes were supplied by Poten and HTI companies. The organics in the simulated coking water were indole and pyrridine. Under FO mode, the rejection to the organics by Poten membrane was around 50%, whereas that for HTI membrane was obviously higher, ranging from 65% to 74%. The response of the two membranes in terms of Water flux and reverse salt flux(RSF) towards changing feed/draw solution(DS) flow rates in FO mode showed similar tendency,but different degree. Generally, the flux in FO using HTI membranes was lower. For HTI membrane, FO operated with pressure retarded osmosis(PRO) mode was also performed and the overall rejection of the organics was slightly lower than that in FO mode. In the long term FO test within 15 days, both Poten and HTI membranes displayed flux reduction and rejection enhancement. But the variation with Poten membrane was much more obvious. Discussion was carried out about the reasons and the mechanisms behind the FO performance difference between two membranes and the variation in flux and rejection with operation conditions. Characterizations by SEM, FTIR, AFM, XRD and XPS were tried to support the proposed explanations.

关键词： Coke wastewater Organics rejection Forward osmosis Water flux Reverse salt flux

Ozonation as an efficient pretreatment method to alleviate reverse osmosis membrane fouling caused by complexes of humic acid and calcium ion

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第4期13卷 89-100页

作者： Xuehao Zhao Yinhu Wu Xue Zhang Xin Tong Tong Yu Yunhong Wang Nozomu Ikuno Kazuki Ishii Hongying Hu Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC)School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Institute of Nuclear and New Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Kurita Water Industries Ltd. Nakano-kuTokyo 164-0001Japan Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteShenzhen 518055China

Humic acid has been considered as one of the most significant sources in feed water causing organic fouling of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, but the relationship between the fouling behavior of humic acid and the change of its molecular structure has not been well developed yet. In this study, the RO membrane fouling behavior of humic acid was studied systematically with ozonation as a pretreatment method to control RO membrane fouling. Furthermore, the effect of ozone on the structure ofhumic acid was also explored to reveal the mechanisms. Humic acid alone (10-90 mg/L, in deionized water) was found not to cause obvious RO membrane fouling in 45-h operation. However, the presence of Ca^2+ aggravated significantly the RO membrane fouling caused by humic acid, with significant flux reduction and denser fouling layer on RO membrane, as it was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). However, after the pretreatment by ozone, the influence of Ca^2+ was almost eliminated. Further analysis revealed that the addition of Ca^2+ increased the particle size of humic acid solution significantly, while ozonation reduced the SUVA254, particle size and molecular weight of the complexes of humic acid and Ca^2+(HA-Ca^2+ complexes). According to these results and literature, the bridge effect of Ca^2+ aggregating humic acid molecules and the cleavage effect of ozone breaking HA-Ca^2+ complexes were summarized. The change of the structure of humic acid under the effect of Ca^2+ and ozone is closely related to the change of its membrane fouling behavior.

关键词： Reverse osmosis Membrane fouling Humic acid Ca^2+ Ozone

Surface modification of mesoporous silica nanoparticle with 4-triethoxysilylaniline to enhance seawater desalination properties of thin-film nanocomposite reverse osmosis membranes

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 99-108页

作者： Jian Wang Qun Wang Xueli Gao Xinxia Tian Yangyang Wei Zhen Cao Chungang Guo Huifeng Zhang Zhun Ma Yushan Zhang The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization Ministry of Natural Resources(Tianjin)Tianjin 300192China College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology(Ministry of Education) Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSN),with higher water permeability than NaA zeolite,were used to fabricate thin-film nanocomposite(TFN)reverse osmosis(RO)***,only aminoalkyl-modified MSN and low-pressure(less than 2.1 MPa)RO membrane were *** this study,aminophenyl-modified MSN(AMSN)were synthesized and used to fabricate high-pressure(5.52 MPa)RO *** the increasing of AMSN dosage,the crosslinking degree of the aromatic polyamide decreased,while the hydrophilicity of the membranes *** membrane morphology was maintained to show a ridge-and-valley structure,with only a slight increase in membrane surface *** the optimum conditions(AMSN dosage of 0.25 g/L),when compared with the pure polyamide RO membrane,the water flux of the TFN RO membrane(55.67 L/m^2/h)was increased by about 21.6%,while NaCl rejection(98.97%)was slightly decreased by only 0.29%.However,the water flux of the membranes was much lower than *** considered that the enhancement of RO membrane permeability is attributed to the reduction of the effective thickness of the PA layer.

关键词： Thin film nanocomposite membrane Reverse osmosis Seawater desalination Aminophenyl-functionalized m esoporous silica nanoparticles

Water quality induced corrosion of stainless steel valves during long-term service in a reverse osmosis system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第3期32卷 218-226页

作者： Xiyan Xu Shuming Liu Ying Liu Kate Smith Xiaoting Wang Junyu Li Ziqing Ma Zhangqing Wang Yong Cui School of Environment Tsinghua University100084BeijingChina Beijing Yizhuang Water Co. Ltd.100176BeijingChina

The current study analyzes the contribution of 10 water quality parameters(including pH,turbidity,conductivity,total dissolved solids(TDS),hardness,total organic carbon(TOC),alkalinity,calcium ions,chlorides and sulfates) to corrosion extent of stainless steel valves taken from different locations in a reverse osmosis system of a reclaimed water *** valves were in service for 5 *** spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses are conducted to quantify corrosion products on different valves under various water quality *** that basis,bivariate and multivariate regression analyses between the 10 water quality parameters and the corrosion extent of valve specimens(represented by metal loss percentage(MLP) values) are carried out to check the contribution of those water quality parameters to *** results indicate that the proportions of metal oxides as corrosion products vary according to the corrosion extent of the *** no linear correlation is founds all 10 water quality parameters except for pH show a significant positive correlation with the MLP values of the valve ***,results of multivariate regression suggest that the variation of MLP can be explained by turbidity,TDS,TOC and sulfates.A positive contribution of turbidity,TDS and TOC to MLP is observed,whereas the contribution of sulfates is *** results from the current work help to identify the reasons for water quality-induced failure of stainless steel equipment in RO systems.

关键词： Reverse osmosis system Water quality Stainless steel Corrosion Correlation

Sea salt bittern-driven forward osmosis for nutrient recovery from black water: A dual waste-to-resource innovation via the osmotic membrane process

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第2期14卷 197-206页

作者： Wenchao Xue May Zaw Xiaochan An Yunxia Hu Allan Sriratana Tabucanon Department of Energy Environment and Climate ChangeSchool of EnvironmentResources and DevelopmentAsian Institute of TechnologyP.O.Box 4Klong LuangPathumthani 12120Thailand State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin Polytechnic UniversityTianjin 300387China Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies Mahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom 71370Thailand

A dual“waste-to-resource”innovation in nutrient enrichment and recovery from domestic black water using a sea salt bittern(SSB)-driven forward osmosis(FO)process is proposed and *** performance of SSB as a“waste-to-resource”draw solution for FO was first evaluated.A synthetic SSB-driven FO provided a water flux of25.67±3.36 L/m2 h,which was 1.5-1.7 times compared with synthetic seawater,1 M NaCl,and 1M *** compromised performance regarding reverse solute selectivity was *** compensation,the enhanced reverse diffusion of Mg+suggested superior potential in terms of recovering nutrients in the form of struvite *** nutrient enrichment was performed using both the pre-filtered influent and effluent of a domestic septic *** 80%of phosphate-P recovery was achieved from both low-and high-strength black water at a feed volume reduction up to 80%^90%.With an elevated feed pH(~9),approximately 60%-85%enriched phosphate-P was able to be recovered in the form of precipitated *** the enrichment performance of total Kjeldahl nitrogen(TKN)largely differed depending on the strength of black *** concentration factor(i.e.,3-folds)and retention(>60%)of TKN was obtained in the high-nutrient-strength black water at a feed volume reduction of 80%,in comparison with a weak TKN enrichment observed in low-strength black *** results suggested a good potential for nutrient recovery based on this dual“waste-to-resource”FO system with proper management of membrane cleaning.

关键词： Forward osmosis Sea salt bittern Black water Nutrient recovery pH

Denitrification and microbial community in MBBR using A. donax as carbon source and biofilm carriers for reverse osmosis concentrate treatment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第10期31卷 133-143页

作者： Li Li Guokai Yan Haiyan Wang Zhaosheng Chu Zewen Li Yu Ling Tong Wu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria And Risk As sessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Engineering Center for Environmental Pollution Control Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

In this study,raw Arundo donax(***)pieces were applied as carbon source and biofilm carriers for denitrification in a lab-scale moving bed biofilm reactor(MBBR)for the treatment of reverse osmosis concentrate gathered from local wastewater reuse *** stable phase(about 60 days),efficient denitrification performance was obtained with73.2%±19.5%NO3--N average removal and 8.10±3.45 g N/(m3·day)NO3--N average volumetric removal *** balance analysis showed that 4.84 g *** was required to remove 1 g *** real-time PCR analysis results showed that the copy numbers of 16S r-RNA,narG,nirS,nosZ and anammox gene of carrier biofilm and suspended activated sludge in the declination phase(BF2 and AS2)were lower than those of samples in the stable phase(BF1 and AS1),and relatively higher copy numbers of nirS and nirK genes with lower abundance of narG and nosZ genes were ***-throughput sequencing analysis was conducted for BF2 and AS2,and similar dominant phyla and classes with different abundance were *** class Gammaproteobacteria affiliated with the phylum Proteobacteria was the most dominant microbial community in both BF2(52.6%)and AS2(41.7%).The PICRUSt prediction results indicated that 33 predictive specific genes were related to denitrification process,and the relative abundance of 18 predictive specific genes in BF2 were higher than those in AS2.

关键词： Arundo donax carbon source Denitrification MBBR Reverse osmosis concentrate Nitrate removal Microbial community High-throughput sequencing

Design and Analysis of osmosis-based Artificial Muscle

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第1期16卷 56-65页

作者： Juhui Gim Changsun Ahn School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Korea

This paper presents the design and analysis of an osmosis-based artificial muscle inspired by the leaf movements of Mimosa ***'s leaves quickly contract using osmosis pressure in the pulvinus when they are *** analyzed and simulated an osmosis system to identify the factors for fast osmosis reactions and designed a prototype artificial muscle based on the *** osmosis phenomenon was mathematically modeled,analyzed,and verified through several *** analysis shows that fast osmosis responses require a large diffusion coefficient with a high-flux membrane or small ratio of the cross-sectional area to the volume of the osmosis *** designed a micro-scale system to achieve the required *** contraction and relaxation of the artificial muscle are realized by changes of the local concentration of potassium ions,which can be aggregated by a controllable electric *** a result,the artificial muscle shows controllable behavior with fast reactions.

关键词： Mimosa pudica osmosis artificial muscle cross-sectional area to volume ratio micro-scale

Spontaneous imbibition characteristics of shale oil reservoir under the influence of osmosis

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第5期9卷 48-58页

作者： Yuliang Su Qinghao Sun Wendong Wang Xincheng Guo Jilong Xu Guanqun Li Xiugang Pu Wenzhong Han Zhannan Shi Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Development China University of Petroleum(East China)Ministry of EducationQingdao 266580China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company Tianjin 300280China

The spontaneous imbibition(SI)process in shale oil reservoirs is not only infuenced by capillary force,but also by the osmotic pressure between the fracturing fuid and formation water in the nanopores *** this study,experimental methods are used to investigate the mechanisms of osmosis in the SI,taking into account the presence of initial formation water in shale oil *** investigate the efect of osmosis,SI experiments were performed on the fne-grained felsic shale of the Qikou sag of Dagang ***-feld NMR testers and high-precision electronic balances are utilized for the measuring of oil–water *** results show that,when Sw≠0,high-salinity fuid SI can be divided into four stages:initial imbibition stage,drainage stage,secondary imbibition stage and stationary stage;when Sw=0,there is no drainage stage of high-salinity fuid SI;when Sw≠0 or Sw=0,low-salinity fuid SI can be called the“osmosis-enhanced SI”;and we have found that“newly formed pores or microfractures”as well as reducing salinity can promote *** article presents a systematic study of SI of shale oil reservoirs under the infuence of osmosis,which provide useful information for reservoir numerical simulation and development program design.

关键词： Shale oil Spontaneous imbibition osmosis Water saturation Capillarity