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Serum osmolality and ions,and gill Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase of spottedtail goby Synechogobius ommaturus(R.)in response to acute salinity changes

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2018年第2期3卷 79-83页

作者： Chun Shui Yonghai Shi Xueming Hua Zhonghua Zhang Haiming Zhang Genhai Lu Yongde Xie Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources Ministry of AgricultureShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute Shanghai 200433China

This study was carried out to determine the effects of abrupt salinity change on osmoregulatory ability of the spottedtail goby Synechogobius ommaturus.720 juvenile fish(65.3±11.8 g)were transferred to 200 L tanks(with 40 juveniles in each tank),in which salinities were abruptly changed from 10 to 20,30,40,50 and *** rate,serum osmolality,electrolytes(Na^(+),Cl^(-),and K^(+))and gill Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase(NKA)activity were assessed successively in 528 *** showed serum osmolality,ion concentrations and gill Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase activity increased significantly when fish were transferred to salinity 40 and 50 and all fish in these groups died by the end of the *** osmolality,Na^(+),Cl^(-)and K^(+)in fish transferred to a salinity of 20,30 and freshwater were not affected and no mortality was *** with the control group,a significantly decrease of NKA activity happened in the freshwater group,but the activity in 20 and 30 groups was not affected *** results indicated that *** could adapt rapidly and maintain homeostasis in a wide range of salinities(from freshwater to salinity 30)and this species may be suitable for aquaculture in estuarine and coastal areas where rapid salinity fluctuations commonly occur.

关键词： osmolality Gill Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase Synechogobius ommaturus

Cellular physiological approach for treatment of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第33期20卷 11560-11566页

作者： Atsushi Shiozaki Daisuke Ichikawa Eigo Otsuji Yoshinori Marunaka Division of Digestive Surgery Department of Surgery Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto 602-8566 Japan Departments of Molecular Cell Physiology and Bio-Ionomics Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto 602-8566 Japan Japan Institute for Food Education and Health St. Agnes’ University Kyoto 602-8013 Japan

Recent studies show that ion channels/transporters play important roles in fundamental cellular functions that would be involved in the cancer process. We review the evidence for their expression and functioning in human gastric cancer (GC), and evaluate the potential of cellular physiological approach in clinical management. Various types of ion channels, such as voltage-gated K+ channels, intracellular Cl- channels and transient receptor potential channels have been found to express in GC cells and tissues, and to control cell cycles. With regard to water channels, aquaporin 3 and 5 play an important role in the progression of GC. Regulators of intracellular pH, such as anion exchanger, sodium-hydrogen exchanger, vacuolar H+-ATPases and carbonic anhydrases are also involved in tumorigenesis of GC. Their pharmacological manipulation and gene silencing affect cellular behaviours, suggesting their potential as therapeutic targets for GC. Our studies indicate the intracellular Cl- concentration could act as a mediator of cellular signaling and control cell cycle progression in GC cells. Further, we demonstrate the cytocidal effects of hypotonic shock on GC cells, and indicate that the blockade of Cl- channels/transporters enhances these effects by inhibiting regulatory volume decrease. A deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms may lead to the discovery of these cellular physiological approaches as a novel therapeutic strategy for GC.

关键词： Gastric cancer Ion channels Water chan-nels Intracellular pH Intracellular chloride osmolality

Determination of cell volume during equilibrium freezing process

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Science Bulletin 2003年第15期48卷 1551-1554页

作者： ZHAO Gang1, HE Liqun1, WANG Peitao2, DING Weiping1, XIE Xiaojian1, LIU Zhong3, ZHANG Haifeng1, SHU Zhiquan1, LUO Dawei1 & GAO Dayong1,4 1. Cryobiomedical Engineering Research Institute, Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China 2. School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China 3. Red Cross and Blood Center of Hefei, Hefei 230022, China 4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0108, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Zhao Gang (e-mail: cooky@ ***) Cryobiomedical Engineering Research Institute Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Red Cross and Blood Center of Hefei Hefei China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington USA

A new type electronic particle counter (EPC, MultisizerTM 3, Beckman Coulter Inc., USA) was used to determine the volumes of human red blood cells (RBCs) in NaCl solutions of different osmolalities. The thermodynamics model describing cell response during freezing process was used to simulate the volume change of RBC in 0.9% NaCl solution during equilibrium freezing process. It was assumed that the effect of temperature on cell volume can be neglected compared to that of osmolality, then by using the phase diagram for the binary system sodium chloride/water, the osmolalities of the NaCl solution under different sub-zero temperatures can be obtained (converted from mass concentration), then the calculated values of RBC volumes can be validated by the experiments.

关键词： EPC osmolality RBC Van抰 Hoff cell volume.

Clinical characteristics of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese adult hypopituitary patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第14期25卷 1741-1752页

作者： Xian-Xian Yuan Hui-Juan Zhu Hui Pan Shi Chen Ze-Yu Liu Yue Li Lin-Jie Wang Lin Lu Hong-Bo Yang Feng-Ying Gong Department of Endocrinology Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China The Translational Medicine Center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Radiology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Gastroenterology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College

BACKGROUND Patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disease have the feature of central obesity,insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, and there is increased prevalence of liver dysfunction consistent with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) in this population. The causes of hypopituitarism in the reported studies varied and combined pituitary hormone deficiency including central diabetes insipidus is much common in this population. This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed to analyze the clinical characteristics and related factors with NAFLD and cirrhosis in Chinese adult hypopituitary/panhypopituitary *** To analyze the clinical characteristics of and related risk factors for NAFLD in Chinese adult hypopituitary *** Adult Chinese patients with hypopituitarism and/or panhypopituitarism were enrolled at the Pituitary Center of Peking Union Medical College Hospitalbetween August 2012 and April 2018. According to abdominal ultrasonography,these patients were divided into an NAFLD(-) group and an NAFLD(+) group,and the latter was further divided into an NAFLD group and a cirrhotic *** data, such as patient characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment, were extracted from medical records, and statistical analysis was *** A total of 36 male and 14 female adult Chinese patients with hypopituitarism were included in this retrospective study; 43(87.0%) of these patients exhibited growth hormone(GH) deficiency, and 39(78.3%) had diabetes insipidus. A total of 27(54.0%) patients were diagnosed with NAFLD, while seven patients were cirrhotic. No significant differences were noted in serum GH or insulin-like growth factor 1 among patients with cirrhosis, subjects with NAFLD, and those without NAFLD. However, plasma osmolality and serum sodium concentration of the cirrhotic patients were 314.9 mOsm/kgH2 O and 151.0 mmol/L,respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the NAFLD patients(P = 0.036 and 0.042, respec

关键词： Hypopituitarism Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Cirrhosis Diabetes insipidus Plasma osmolality

Physiological response of the razor clam Sinonovacula constricta exposed to hyposalinity stress

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第4期9卷 663-673页

作者： Yueming Yang Jiyue Ni Donghong Niu Gaohai Zheng Yifeng Li International Research Center for Marine Biosciences Ministry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of EducationShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture Shanghai201306China Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Sanmen County Taizhou318026China

The razor clam Sinonovacula constricta is an economically important bivalve species in China,which inhabits the mudflat of intertidal and estuaries areas and frequently suffers the low salinity stress due to heavy rain *** present study investigated the effects of hyposalinity stress(salinity 10,5,3,and 1)on osmoregulation and haemolymph microbiota in *** after 7 days of *** results showed that the survival rate of razor clams was only significantly reduced in the 1 ppt group compared to the control group(salinity 20)(Posmolality in razor clams reduced significantly with decreasing salinities(P<0.05).Taurine,arginine,alanine and ornithine were the dominant free amino acids(FAAs)with higher contents in the *** to low salinities altered the composition of haemolymph FAAs,with alanine being the highest in the control group and taurine being the highest in the low salinity(LS)*** stress caused an increase in Na+/K+-ATPase(NKA)activity in gills,and histological analysis revealed severe hyperplasia in gills and a significant reduction in the length of gill filaments(P<0.05).The microbial community variation in the haemolymph assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing explains that bacterial communities was shifted under low salinity *** the genus level,the relative abundance of Marinobacterium,Marinomonas and Pseudomonas changed significantly under hyposalinity stress(P<0.05).These findings give further insight into the physiological responses and potential adaptation strategies of razor clams to hyposalinity stress and provide information for the development of inland low salinity culture.

关键词： Hyposalinity stress Sinonovacula constricta osmolality Free amino acids Haemolymph microbiota

MORPHOLOGY OF ERYTHROCYTES IN URINE:SIGNIFICANCE AND MECHANISM OF POLYMORPHISM FORMATION

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医学研究生学报 1988年第1期 1-8+112-113页

作者： ZHANG Jin-hong LI Lei-shi Department of Nephrology, The Jin ling Hospital, Department of Nephrology, The Jin ling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.

Urine specimens from patients with a variety of urinary tract diseases and from healthy subjects were examined by phase-contrast microscopy. Urinary erythrocytes showed polymorphism in 68/69 patients with glomerulone-phritis while in 53/55 patients with nonglomerular lesions of the urinary tract, haematuria was characterised by isomorphism The morphologic patterns of urinary erythrocytes in 17 uremic patients varied with the underlying lesions. In 45 healthy individuals, urinary erythrocytes were also polymorphic although counts were less than 8000 cells/ml. After taking a treadmill exercise test, the urinary erythrocyte counts in 31 normal subjects increased significantly without any change in cell morphology. Administration of frusemide to patients with glomerular bleeding altered urinary erythrocyte morphology from polymorphism to isomorphism with increased numbers of uniform cells appearing in the *** mechanisms of erythrocyte polymorphism were investigated in vivo and in vitro The results indicated that polymorphism resulted from exposure to sequential changes in osmolality during passage of erythrocytes through the renal tubules. Scanning electron microscopy of erythrocytes confirmed the lindings seen on light microscopy

关键词： Hematuria phase contrast microscopy erytbrocyte morphology osmolality exercise frusemide

A EPC Approach to the Residual Water in Erythrocytes

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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition) 2004年第1期13卷 21-27页

作者： ZHAOGang GUOXiao-jie HELi-qun LIUZhong GAODa-yong InstituteofCryobiological＆MedicalEngineering DepartmentofThermalScienceandEnergyEngineeringHefei230027P.R.China RedCrossandBloodCenterofHefei Hefei230022P.R.China DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering.UniversityofKentucky LexingtonKY40506-0108USA

A novel approach has been developed to determine the amount of residual water in human erythrocyte at room temperature by electronic particle counter. Nacl solutions of 13 osmolalities were prepared and the equilibrium cell volumes in which were measured one by *** isotonic volume, V0, was obtained under the isotonic condition. The mean RBC volumes of 5 donors at each osmolality were fitted according to Boyle van’t Hoff relationship, and the osmotically inactive volume, Vb, of erythrocyte was then determined. The results show that Vb50% V0. More importantly, the final cell volume with regard to the solution of the highest concentration found to be kept at about 0.5 V0. The difference between these two volumes is unconspicuous. According to the published data that non-water volume of human erythrocyte is about 28.3% of its isotonic volume, residual water of human erythrocyte can be gained by subtracting V dry from Vf, that is V rw =21.7% V0. Then it was concluded that the residual water of human lays in 2 states, one is bound water, and the other is free water.

关键词： Erythrocyte/RBC EPC osmolality Cell volume Boyle van't hoff

Pathophysiology of Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis Revisited: The Use of Isotonic Fluid for Preoperative Infusion Therapy Is Supported

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第3期4卷 208-215页

作者： Ralf-Bodo Troebs Klinik für Kinderchirurgie Marien Hospital Herne Ruhr University of Bochum Bochum Germany

Background: The aim of this study was to elucidate the preoperative clinical and biochemical profile of infants with IHPS to optimize infusion therapy. Patients and Method: We retrospectively analyzed data from 56 infants who were operated for IHPS. Our study includes growth and laboratory data prior to the initiation of therapy. Results: Median duration of propulsive vomiting was 4 d;the median age was 37 d (18 - 108), and the median body weight was 3840 g (2760 -5900). Metabolic alkalosis (MAlk) with a pH of 7.45 ± 0.06 and an stHCO3- of 28.7 ± 4.5 mmol/l was found. In a subgroup of the infants, negative base excess (BE) was observed. The sodium concentration was normal or reduced (mean/median of 137 mmol/l). There was a strong negative correlation between stHCO3- and K+. The carbon dioxide partial pressure tended to increase (5.72 ± 0.84 kPa). Calculations of osmolality revealed a normal osmolarity. Hypoglycemia did not occur. The creatinine clearance according to the Schwartz formula remained at a normal level (85.3 ± 24.3 ml/min/1.73 m2). Discussion: The presented case series is characterized by a short duration of preoperative vomiting. MAlk can be classified as a chloride deficiency syndrome. It is accompanied by normo- or hyponatremic dehydration with normal osmolality. Partial respiratory compensation occurred. A normal creatinine clearance indicated good glomerular renal function. Conclusion: The presented study supports the use of an isotonic infusion fluid with a low glucose concentration for preoperative infusion therapy.

关键词： Infantile Pyloric Stenosis Metabolic Alkalosis Dehydration osmolality Glucose Lactate Creatinine Clearance Infusion Therapy