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Partial organic substitution weakens the negative effect of chemical fertilizer on soil micro-food webs

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第10期21卷 3037-3050页

作者： LIU Han-wen ZHANG Xiao-ke ZHANG Gui-zong KOU Xin-chang LIANG Wen-ju Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China School of Geographical Science Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024P.R.China

Soil biotic communities play vital roles in enhancing soil nutrient cycling and soil ***-term excessive nitrogen(N)application is disadvantageous to the stability of soil food webs and affects arable soil health and sustainable *** organic substitution is essential to improve soil health and alleviate the disadvantages of excessive chemical ***,the biological effects of various organic amendments on soil micro-food webs are poorly *** order to explore the effects of various organic amendments including stover,biochar and manure on soil micro-food webs(microbial and nematode communities),a field plot experiment with maize having five treatments viz.,100%urea(100%N),70%urea(70%N),70%urea plus stover(Stover),70%urea plus cattle manure(Manure)and 70%urea plus biochar(Biochar)was *** treatment increased the carbon(C)to N use efficiency of soil microbes,which contributed to the retention of soil C,while Biochar treatment elevated soil organic C(SOC)and soil p ***,Biochar treatment mitigated the negative effects of soil acidification on the soil micro-food web and reduced the abundance of plant ***,the biological effect of organic amendments was distinguished from chemical fertilization(100%N and 70%N)through principal co-ordinates *** relationships among soil properties,microbial and nematode biomass in the 100%N treatment were diminished in treatments where chemical fertilizer was *** bottom-up effects on soil food webs were observed in organic substitution *** conclusion,organic amendments improved soil fertility by regulating soil microbial and nematode communities in the cropland ecosystem,alleviated the negative effects of chemical fertilizer on the micro-food webs and controlled the trophic cascades among soil biota.

关键词： microbial community nematode community soil micro-food webs organic substitution chemical fertilizer soil health

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Biochar and organic substitution improved net ecosystem economic benefit in intensive vegetable production

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 419-435页

作者： Ruiyu Bi Qianqian Zhang Liping Zhan Xintong Xu Xi Zhang Yubing Dong Xiaoyuan Yan Zhengqin Xiong Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesHuaian 223001China State Key Lab of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Biochar amendment and substituting chemical fertilizers with organic manure(organic substitution)have been widely reported to increase crop production and decrease reactive nitrogen(Nr)loss including nitrous oxide(N_(2)O),nitric oxide(NO),and ammonia(NH3)emissions,and N runoff and ***,few comprehensive evalua-tions have been performed on the environmental and economic aspects of biochar amendment or organic ***,we studied the comprehensive effects of biochar amendment,organic substitution,and biochar amendment combined with organic substitution on crop production,Nr loss,and net ecosystem economic benefit(NEEB)in intensive vegetable production by integrating life-cycle assessment for Nr footprints,empirical models for NH3 volatilization and N runoff and leaching derived from peer-reviewed publications and validated by the current measurements and direct field measurement for N_(2)O and NO emissions during 5 consecutive years of vegetable crop *** fertilization treatments were applied(SN:synthetic fertilizer application;SNB:SN plus 20 t ha^(−1)biochar amendment;SNM:substituting 50%of chemical N fertilizer with organic manure;SNMB:SNM plus 20 t ha^(−1)biochar amendment;and CK:no fertilizer or biochar addition).Compared with the SN,the SNB increased vegetable yield(28.4%,porganic manure production and high input

关键词： Biochar amendment organic substitution Crop production Reactive nitrogen Nitrogen footprint Net ecosystem economic benefit

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Effects of organic fertilizers on organic carbon accumulation in alkalized saline soil and silage maize yield

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 159-168页

作者： Lidong Ji Lei Li Rui Wang Xing Xu Fengju Zhang Guilian Mao Teng Wang School of Forestry and Prataculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan750021China School of Agriculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan750021China School of Ecological Environment Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China School of Life Sciences Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

To understand the combined effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on soil carbon emissions and carbon balance of a farmland ecosystem,this study investigated the organic fertilizer nitrogen replacing different proportions of chemical fertilizer *** results showed that,compared to F_(100),the O_(15)F_(85) treatment increased the yield and net ecosystem productivity carbon sequestration of silage maize under mild,moderate,and severe salinization levels,as well as the contents of soil organic carbon,microbial carbon,and humin carbon,while reducing plant carbon *** O_(15)F_(85) treatment did not significantly increase soil carbon emissions(CEC),but O_(30)F_(70),O_(45)F_(55) and O_(100) treatments significantly increased *** soil carbon balance analysis showed that the farmland ecosystem was a“sink”for atmospheric CO_(2) under each *** O_(15)F_(85) treatment produced an“excitation effect”to enhance the carbon sink effect of silage maize farmland under mild,moderate and severe salinization levels while maintaining stable production and *** the O_(100) treatment increased the carbon sink of farmland under different salinization levels,the yield was significantly reduced and did not represent practical production *** analysis showed that soil organic carbon components and ecosystem carbon balance were closely related to soil total salt,pH and bulk density,while soil dissolved organic carbon,humus carbon components and carbon emissions were closely related to soil moisture and ***,the purpose of improving the carbon sink of saline-alkali land can be achieved through soil salt inhibition,soil structure remodeling and water supplement and warming regulation,which provides technical and theoretical support for reducing carbon emissions,achieving carbon neutrality and alleviating global warming.

关键词： carbon balance carbon component organic carbon organic substitution saline-alkali land

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