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Advances in research and utilization of botanical pesticides for agricultural pest management in Inner Mongolia, China

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第2期16卷 248-262页

作者： Chunyan Guo Lingfei Wang Namuhan Chen Mingxu Zhang Junying Jia Lijuan Lv Minhui Li College of Pharmacy Qiqihar Medical UniversityQiqihar 161000China Department of Basic Science Tianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjin 300384China Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hohhot 010110China Inner Mongolia Academy of Chinese and Mongolian Medicine Hohhot 010010China University Engineering Research Center of Chinese(Mongolia)Ecological Planting Medicinal Materials(Nurture)in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Inner Mongolia Minzu UniversityTongliao 028000China Baotou Medical College Baotou 014060China Naiman Banner Medicinal Materials Research and Development Center Tongliao 028300China

Traditional Chinese herbal medicines not only cure human diseases,but also play an important role as insecticides.Compared with conventional chemical agents,traditional Chinese herbal medicines are characterized by low toxicity,low residues,and being eco-friendly,and they have become a research hotspot.Traditional Chinese herbal medicines have tremendous flexibility and indefinite potential.Therefore,this paper reviewed the types of insecticides belonging to traditional Chinese herbal medicines in Inner Mongolia,China,including their traditional uses,secondary metabolites,biological activities,action mechanisms,application methods,and development status.In addition,the most relevant issues involved in the development of traditional Chinese herbal medicines was discussed.We believe that traditional Chinese herbal medicines can be better implemented and developed;such that its other advantages,such as an insect repellent,can be promoted.Moreover,this study lays a solid foundation for further research on traditional Chinese herbal medicines in Inner Mongolia,China.

关键词： botanical pesticides organic agriculture pest management plant-derived biological products secondary metabolites

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Requirements and Safeguard Measures for Using Soil Fertilizer in organic agriculture:A Case Study of Fushun City in Liaoning Province

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Asian Agricultural Research 2023年第11期15卷 38-41页

作者： Dan SONG Liaoning Agricultural Development Service Center Shenyang 110034China

This paper summarized the requirements of organic agriculture for soil environment,fertilizer application and irrigation water quality,put forward safeguard measures for organic agriculture in terms of soil,fertilizer and water,and finally came up with recommendations for strengthening the use of soil fertilizers in organic agriculture.

关键词： organic agriculture Soil fertilizer Soil environment Fertilizer application Safeguard measures

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organic agriculture: The Inevitable Choice for the Sustainable Development of agriculture

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2014年第6期5卷 41-43页

作者： Wei Junying School of Economics Yangtze University

The current situation of farmland utilization in China was analyzed firstly, and then cost of fertilizer misuse leading to decrease of cultivat- ed land in quality was discussed. Finally, it is concluded that organic agriculture is the inevitable choice for the sustainable development of agricul- ture from the meaning, advantages and countermeasures of developing organic agriculture in China.

关键词： organic agriculture Cultivated land agriculture Sustainable development China

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Effects of Climate Conditions on organic agriculture in Boshan District of Shandong and Countermeasures

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2012年第6期3卷 61-63页

作者： LI Mi ZHENG Liang-chen SUN Yun-guo Boshan Meteorological Bureau in Zibo City of Shandong Province Boshan 255213China Agricultural Comprehensive Development Office in Boshan District Zibo CityShandong ProvinceBoshan 255200China

[ Objective]The research aimed to study influences of the climate conditions on organic agriculture and defense countermeasures of the meteorological disasters in Boshan District of Shandong. [ Method ] From climate resources, relationships between meteorological conditions （tem- perature, water and sunshine, etc. ） and growth of the organic crops in Boshan District of Shandong were analyzed. 5-year development plan was put forward. Influences of the main meteorological disasters in growth process of the organic crops were analyzed. Moreover, corresponding de- fense countermeasures were put forward. [ Result] Due to monsoon influence in Boshan, rain and heat were in same season. Sunshine, heat and water coordinated well, and effectivity of the agricultural climate resources was higher. Qualities of the soil and water were good. Vegetation was complete. These conditions were all favorable for developing organic agricultural region. But the precipitation variability was big, which limited effec- tive utilizations of the sunshine and heat resources at different degrees. Meanwhile, in organic crops growth season when sunshine, heat and water were sufficient, meteorological disasters happened frequently. [ Conclusion] We should accelerate construction of the small water conservancy facil- ities, making rainstorm and flood as resources, and realizing timely watering. In addition, we ought to accelerate construction of the industrialized organic a clriculture to improve agricultural benefit.

关键词： Boshan organic agriculture Climate conditions Defense countermeasures China

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Regional land ecological security evaluation and ecological poverty alleviation practice:A case study of Yangxian County in Shaanxi Province,China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第4期32卷 682-700页

作者： ZHANG Xinrong WANG Yongsheng YUAN Xuefeng YANG Yuanyuan School of Earth Science and Resources Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101China School of Land Engineering Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering Xi'an 710054China

Land ecological security(LES)is an important part of China’s ecological civilization construction,which plays a vital role in ensuring the sustainable development of its society and economy.Based on the Driving force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response(DPSIR)framework,this study quantified the spatiotemporal changes of LES in 28 counties of the southern Shaanxi Province from 2009 to 2018.The influencing factors of LES in Yangxian County were explored to clarify the mechanisms that rely on the land ecological advantages to develop organic agriculture and boost poverty alleviation.Results show that the LES of Yangxian always ranked in the top six in 28 counties of the southern Shaanxi region during 2009–2018.The LES in Yangxian increased from 0.385 in 2009 to 0.533 in 2018,and the LES level changed from relatively unsafe to safe.The indicators of rural per capita net income,grain output per unit area of arable land,and grazing intensity could explain 99.8%of the LES variance in Yangxian.Relying on ecological resources,Yangxian increased farmers’income and boosted alleviation of poverty through innovative land policies,developing organic agriculture,and rural tourism.These findings will provide theoretical support and model reference for balancing ecological protection and poverty alleviation in restricted development zones.

关键词： land ecological security DPSIR framework organic agriculture ecological poverty alleviation Yangxian County

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Morphological and Physiological Development of organic Greenhouse Grown Ginger (Zingiber officinalis, Rosc) in a Temperate Climate as Influenced by Container and Transplant Origin

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第4期13卷 443-456页

作者： Lurline Marsh Gabrielle Morris Brett Smith Petrina McKenzie-Reynolds Department of agriculture Food and Resource Sciences University of Maryland Eastern Shore Princess Anne MD USA

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc) is a spice produced from underground rhizomes. This makes it necessary to consider the size of its growing area. There is limited information on the phenological development of the plant in containerized greenhouse conditions in temperate regions where natural daylength decreases as the growing season advances. This study determined the effects of container and rhizome sources on ginger shoot growth, chlorophyll concentration, leaf chlorophyll index, transpiration rate, and rhizome yield. Ginger, from non-tissue culture (O1) and tissue culture (O2) origins, were transplanted in a greenhouse in June 2019, 2020 and 2021, and monitored in five container types of different sizes. These were (C1) plastic Supertub (113.2 L), (C2) large Sterilite box (55.3 L), (C3) small Sterilite box (36.7 L), (C4) Husky heavy duty contractor plastic clean up bags (26.3 L) and (C5) Root Trapper Grounder Squat bag (27.9 L). The results did not show consistent trends for the effects of the respective size and origin combinations on most of the morphological characteristics, and all the physiological characteristics evaluated. Increasing container size increased the shoot biomass in all studies and increased fresh rhizome yield in two of three studies in the greenhouse. The effect of transplant origin was inconclusive, with a tissue culture advantage one year and no effect the other year. During the first 5 months after transplanting, the morphological development of tillers and height increased. Leaf chlorophyll index, chlorophyll concentration and stomatal conductance varied across sampling months, and within container and rhizome origin at individual sampling dates. The development of the plants in a greenhouse with decreasing natural day length posed a challenge as some plants senesced within 5 months after transplanting. Further opportunities to arrest senescence and extend growth should be introduced as another approach to extend growth and increase rhizome yield.

关键词： Container Transplant Origin organic agriculture

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Applicable properties of the bio-fertilizer spent mushroom substrate in organic systems as a byproduct from the cultivation of Pleurotus spp

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Information Processing in agriculture 2017年第1期4卷 78-82页

作者： Mustafa Nadhim Owaid Idham Ali Abed Sajid Salahuddin Saleem Al-Saeedi Department of Heet Education General Directorate of Education in AnbarMinistry of EducationHeetAnbar 31007Iraq Department of Soil Science and Water Resources College of AgricultureUniversity of AnbarRamadiAnbar 31001Iraq Department of Biology College of ScienceUniversity of AnbarRamadiAnbar 31001Iraq

The spent mushroom substrate(SMS)is a byproduct of cultivation of oyster mushroom(Pleurotus spp.)and represents the composted substrate that remains after completion the harvested crop.This study mentioned the role of some effective date palm wastes in improving spent mushroom substrate properties which containing fibers of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L.(Fibrillum),mixed with white sawdust and wheat straw in three formulas.These mixtures of SMS namely,SMS1(wheat straw),SMS2(wheat straw 70%,sawdust 20%and date palm fiber 10%)and SMS3(wheat straw 50%,sawdust 30%and date palm fiber 20%)were obtained from locally mushroom farm in western Iraq and sent to determine some properties such as moisture content,dry matter,EC,pH,ash,carbon,nitrogen,protein contents and C:N ratio.Generally,determinations of Hydrogen ion concentration(pH)for SMS extracts had acidic value at average 5.06.The higher EC was 3.30 ms/cm for SMS1-P.ostreatus(white),while the lower value reached to 1.13 ms/cm for SMS3 of same species.The higher nitrogen content was 9.98 g/kg for SMS3-P.ostreatus(white),SMS1 of Pleurotus salmoneostramineus and SMS2-P.ostreatus(white),while,SMS3-P.salmoneostramineus had lower nitrogen content(6.65 g/kg).The higher C:N ratio was reported with SMS3 of P.salmoneostramineus at value 35.36,while SMS2-P.ostreatus(grey)had ratio 22.03,significantly(pagriculture and horticulture fields.

关键词： C:N ratio Nitrogen organic agriculture pH SMS

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Determining an optimum pattern of mixed planting from organic and non-organic crops with regard to economic and environmental indicators:A case study of cucumber in Kerman,Iran

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Information Processing in agriculture 2016年第4期3卷 207-214页

作者： Soraya Molaie Emamzadeh Mohammad Ali Forghani Assadollah Karnema Samaneh Darbandi Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Iran Managment Department Shahid Bahonar University of KermanIran

Today,planning procedures which are used in different fields of decision making such as determination of optimum planting patterns are considered as important management issues.The importance of optimum planting patterns is highlighted when we learn that agricultural measures may have environmental side effects.Most economical analyses only focus on increasing economic gains of the farmers without regard to its environmental consequences.Therefore,one can argue that efficient managers should consider multiple purposes that cover both economic and environmental goals at the same time.This study attempted to identify an optimum mixed model of organic and non-organic production systems using a combination of AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process)approach andWeighted Goal Programming to consider environmental and economic indicators simultaneously.This procedure was employed in the current design to determine and compare an optimum pattern of mixed planting of organic and non-organic products.The study sample was cucumber,investigated in four farming systems:organic open field farming system,nonorganic greenhouse farming system,non-organic tunnel farming system and open field non-organic farming system in Jiroft,Kerman,with regard to paper indices.Following the proposed MCDM(Multiple Criteria Decision Making)model,cucumber planting in open field non-organic farming system was replaced by open field organic farming system.Economic and environmental indicators rose by 11.97%and 21.40%respectively in MCDM proposed plan in comparison with the existing farm plan,which indicates the feasibility of MCDM proposed plan in terms of economic and environmental indicators.

关键词： organic agriculture AHP Weighted Goal Programming

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Decomposition of different crop straws and variation in straw-associated microbial communities in a peach orchard,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第2期13卷 152-164页

作者： ZHANG Hong CAO Yingfei LYU Jialong College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University/State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess PlateauInstitute of Water and Soil ConservationChinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China Ministry of AgricultureYangling 712100Chin

Crop residue is a major source of soil organic matter;therefore,application of crop straw to soil contributes to the sustainable development of organic agriculture.To better understand the transformation of crop straw in orchard soils,we investigated the relationship between the characteristics of straw decomposition and functional diversity of associated microbial communities in a long-term peach orchard,China.Mesh bags,each containing 30 g of corn or bean straw,were buried at a soil depth of 20 cm in a 12-year-old peach orchard for 360 d(October 2011–October 2012).Three treatments were applied,i.e.,fresh corn straw,fresh corn straw with nitrogen fertilizer(urea,10.34 g/kg),and fresh bean straw.Changes in straw residual rate,straw water content and soil conditions were monitored after treatment.The functional diversity of straw-associated microbial communities was analyzed by the Biolog-Eco microplate assay.During the decomposition process,straw residual rates did not vary considerably from 10 d(30.4%–45.4%)to 360 d(19.0%–30.3%).Irrespective of nitrogen addition,corn straw decomposed faster than bean straw.Corn straw with nitrogen fertilizer yielded the highest average well color development(AWCD)values(1.11–1.67),followed by corn straw(1.14–1.68)and bean straw(1.18–1.62).Although the AWCD values did not differ significantly among the three treatments,substantial differences occurred across various time periods of the decomposition process(P<0.01).In terms of carbon source utilization,the dominant microbial groups fed mainly on saccharides.Hard-to-decompose substances gradually accumulated in the middle and late stages of straw decomposition.Of the six categories of carbon sources tested,the utilization rate of aromatics was the lowest with corn straw,whereas that of polymers was the lowest with bean straw.Among different treatments,straw residual rate was negatively correlated to soil available phosphorous,soil available potassium and soil temperature(P<0.05),but not to soil water content.In some cases(corn str

关键词： Biolog-Eco microplate nitrogen fertilizer microbial community organic agriculture straw decomposition

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Acaricidal activity of Derris floribunda essential oil and its main constituent

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第9期7卷 791-796页

作者： Ana Claudia Fernandes Amaral Aline de SRamos Marcia Reis Pena Jose Luiz Pinto Ferreira Jean Michel SMenezes Geraldo JNVasconcelos Neliton Marques da Silva Jefferson Rocha de Andrade Silva Lab de Plantas Medicinais e Derivados Depto de Quimica de Produtos NaturaisFarmanguinhosFundacao Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroRJBrazil Lab de Entomologia e Acarologia Agricola Faculdade de Ciencias AgrariasUniversidade Federal do AmazonasManausAMBrazil Lab de Cromatografia Depto de QuímicaUniversidade Federal do AmazonasManausAMBrazil 4Instituto de Ciencias Exatas e TecnologiaUniversidade Federal do AmazonasItacoatiaraAMBrazil

Objective: To evaluate the acaricidal activity of the essential oil obtained from roots of Derris floribunda(D. floribunda)(Miq.) Benth, and its main constituent nerolidol against the Mexican mite Tetranychus mexicanus(T. mexicanus)(Mc Gregor).Methods: The essential oil from the roots of D. floribunda collected in the Amazon region(Brazil) was obtained by hydrodistillation. Its chemical composition was determined by GC–MS analysis. The acaricidal activities of this essential oil and nerolidol,were evaluated by recording the number of dead females(mortality) and eggs(fertility).Results: The essential oil showed sesquiterpenes as major volatile components. Nerolidol, the main component, represented 68.5% of the total composition of the essential oil. D. floribunda essential oil and nerolidol showed acaricidal activity, with LC_(50) of9.61 mg/m L air and 9.2 mg/m L air, respectively, over a 72 h period. In addition, both the essential oil and nerolidol significantly reduced the fecundity of T. mexicanus.Conclusions: Due to the economic importance of T. mexicanus and the lack of new pesticides, our data are very promising in the search for efficient and safer acaricidal products. Furthermore, this is the first report about the chemical composition and bioactivity of the essential oil of the Amazon plant species D. floribunda.

关键词： Acaricidal activity Essential oil Nerolidol organic agriculture Sesquiterpenes Timb

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