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Distributionally Robust optimal dispatch of Virtual Power Plant Based on Moment of Renewable Energy Resource

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Energy Engineering 2022年第5期119卷 1967-1983页

作者： Wenlu Ji YongWang Xing Deng Ming Zhang Ting Ye Nanjing Power Supply Company of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co. Ltd.Nanjing210019China

Virtual power plants can effectively integrate different types of distributed energy resources,which have become a new operation mode with substantial advantages such as high flexibility,adaptability,and economy.This paper proposes a distributionally robust optimal dispatch approach for virtual power plants to determine an optimal day-ahead dispatch under uncertainties of renewable energy sources.The proposed distributionally robust approach characterizes probability distributions of renewable power output by moments.In this regard,the faults of stochastic optimization and traditional robust optimization can be overcome.Firstly,a second-order cone-based ambiguity set that incorporates the first and second moments of renewable power output is constructed,and a day-ahead two-stage distributionally robust optimization model is proposed for virtual power plants participating in day-ahead electricity markets.Then,an effective solution method based on the affine policy and second-order cone duality theory is employed to reformulate the proposed model into a deterministic mixed-integer second-order cone programming problem,which improves the computational efficiency of the model.Finally,the numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a better balance between robustness and economy.They also validate that the dispatch strategy of virtual power plants can be adjusted to reduce costs according to the moment information of renewable power output.

关键词： Virtual power plant optimal dispatch uncertainty distributionally robust optimization affine policy

optimal dispatch of multi energy system using power-to-gas technology considering flexible load on user side

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Frontiers in Energy 2018年第4期12卷 569-581页

作者： Zi LING Xiu YANG Zilin LI College of Electric Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090China

The relation between power-to-gas technology (P2G) and energy interconnection becomes increasingly close. Meanwhile, the participation of flexible load on user side in system optimization has attracted much attention as an efficient approach to relieve the contradiction between energy supply and energy demand. Based on the concept of energy hub, according to its series characteristic, this paper established a generic multi-energy system model using the P2G technology. The characteristic of flexible load on user side was considered and optimal dispatch analysis was made, so as to reduce the cost, to reasonably dispatch the flexible load, to reduce the discharge, to enhance the new energy output, and to increase the power-to-gas conversion efficiency. Finally, a concrete analysis was made on the optimal dispatch result of the multi-energy system using the P2G technology considering flexible load on user side in the calculating example, and optimal dispatch of the system was verified via four different scenarios. The results indicate that cooperative dispatch of multi-energy system using the P2G technology considering flexible load on user side is the most economic, and can make a contribution to absorption of new energy and P2G conversion. In this way, environmental effects and safe and stable operation of the system can be guaranteed.

关键词： multi-energy system energy hub series characteristic optimal dispatch flexible load

optimal flexibility dispatch of demand side resources with high penetration of renewables:a Stackelberg game method

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Global Energy Interconnection 2021年第1期4卷 28-38页

作者： Peng Lu Hao Lv Nian Liu Tieqiang Wang Jianpei Han Wenwu Zhang Li Ma State Grid Hebei Electric Power Company Shijiazhuang 050011Hebei ProvinceP.R.China North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206P.R.China Tellhow Software Co.Ltd. Nanchang 330096Jiangxi ProvinceP.R.China Stevens Institute of Technology HobokenNJ 07030USA

To promote the utilization of renewable energy,such as photovoltaics,this paper proposes an optimal flexibility dispatch method for demand-side resources(DSR)based on the Stackelberg game theory.First,the concept of the generalized DSR is analyzed and flexibility models for various DSR are constructed.Second,owing to the characteristics of small capacity but large-scale,an outer approximation is proposed to describe the aggregate flexibility of DSR.Then,the optimal flexibility dispatch model of DSR based on the Stackelberg game is established and a decentralized solution algorithm is designed to obtain the Stackelberg equilibrium.Finally,the actual data are utilized for the case study and the results show that,compared to the traditional centralized optimization method,the proposed optimal flexibility dispatch method can not only reduce the net load variability of the DSR aggregator but is beneficial for all DSR owners,which is more suitable for practical applications.

关键词： Demand side resource optimal dispatch Aggregate flexibility Stackelberg game Decentralized solution

Multi-objective optimal dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems Based on a Device Value Tag

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2021年第3期7卷 632-643页

作者： Wei Tang Bangxu Wu Lu Zhang Xiaohui Zhang Jiaxin Li Liang Wang College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Due to the variety of devices and operating scenarios in an integrated energy system(IES),the optimal dispatch of an IES is usually complicated.An optimal dispatch method for an IES is proposed by defining the scheduling value for each device which can be different under various scenarios.First,thinking over the private and public attributes of each operating equipment,the evaluation system is established with the actual scenarios of economic,environmental and energy-savings being considered.Secondly,the economic,environmental and energy-saving benefits of each operating equipment are quantified by Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(TOPSIS).Therefore,the scheduling value of the device is comprehensively assessed according to the specific scenario.Finally,decomposing the output of the device into direct available energy and indirect available energy,an optimal model is built with the maximum general production benefits as the objective,and is solved by MATLAB and CPLEX.The simulation results show that the evaluation system can reflect multiple values of devices.The proposed model can unify the modeling of optimal dispatch for different scenarios in the IES and can improve dispatch efficiency,while ensuring the accuracy of the results with high computation efficiency.

关键词： Device value tag integrated energy system multi-objective optimal dispatch

Low-carbon Economic dispatch of Electricity-Heat-Gas Integrated Energy Systems Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1827-1841页

作者： Yuxian Zhang Yi Han Deyang Liu Xiao Dong Electrical Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyangChina College of Electrical Engineering Yingkou Institute of TechnologyYingkouChina School of Beijing Ke Dong Co. Ltd.NARI Group CorporationBeijingChina

The optimal dispatch methods of integrated energy systems(IESs) currently struggle to address the uncertainties resulting from renewable energy generation and energy demand. Moreover, the increasing intensity of the greenhouse effect renders the reduction of IES carbon emissions a priority. To address these issues, a deep reinforcement learning(DRL)-based method is proposed to optimize the low-carbon economic dispatch model of an electricity-heat-gas IES. In the DRL framework, the optimal dispatch model of the IES is formulated as a Markov decision process(MDP). A reward function based on the reward-penalty ladder-type carbon trading mechanism(RPLT-CTM) is introduced to enable the DRL agents to learn more effective dispatch strategies. Moreover, a distributed proximal policy optimization(DPPO) algorithm, which is a novel policy-based DRL algorithm, is employed to train the DRL agents. The multithreaded architecture enhances the exploration ability of the DRL agents in complex environments. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed DPPO-based IES dispatch method can mitigate carbon emissions and reduce the total economic cost. The RPLT-CTM-based reward function outperforms the CTM-based methods, providing a 4.42% and 6.41% decrease in operating cost and carbon emission, respectively. Furthermore, the superiority and computational efficiency of DPPO compared with other DRL-based methods are demonstrated by a decrease of more than 1.53% and 3.23% in the operating cost and carbon emissions of the IES, respectively.

关键词： Integrated energy system(IES) carbon trading optimal dispatch deep reinforcement learning(DRL) distributed proximal policy optimization

Optimization Scheme of Integrated Community Energy Utilization System Based on Improved Sine-Cosine Algorithm

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Energy Engineering 2022年第3期119卷 1117-1140页

作者： Xin Zhang Jinpeng Jiang Haoran Zheng Jihong Zhang School of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science&TechnologyBaotou014010China

China consumes significant amount of natural gas in winter.The integrated community energy utilization system(ICEUS)cannot stabilize the output of electricity and heat if there is a shortage of natural gas.The operation cost of the system still needs improvement.An energy supply structure using garbage power as the core of ICEUS was established in the study.The optimal dispatchingmodel of ICEUS was established using the regulating characteristic of the community load.The sine-cosine algorithm(SCA)based on nonlinear factors and segmented weight was presented to solve the optimal dispatching model of ICEUS.From the simulation results,compared with particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO),SCA,exponential sinecosine algorithm(ESCA),and parabolic sine-cosine algorithm(PSCA),the daily operation cost of ICEUS was reduced by the improved SCA by 4.4%,2.9%,2.6%and 4.1%,respectively,in winter.The same was true in summer.The daily system operating cost was effectively reduced by the algorithm proposed in the study.The cost benefits of the optimized ICEUS operation was realized.

关键词： Multi-energy ICEUS SCA optimal dispatch PSO

Renewable Generation Capacity and Reliability Assessments for Resilient Active Distribution Networks Based on Time-sequence Production Simulation

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2021年第3期7卷 582-590页

作者： Qianheng Gao Junpeng Zhu Yue Yuan Department of Energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China

The penetration of renewable generation will affect the energy utilization efficiency,economic benefit and reliability of the active distribution network(ADN).This paper proposes a time-sequence production simulation(TSPS)method for re-newable generation capacity and reliability assessments in ADN considering two operational status:the normal status and the fault status.During normal operation,an optimal dispatch model is proposed to promote the renewable consumption and increase the economic benefit.When a failure occurs,the renewable generators are partitioned into islands for resilient power supply and reliability improvement.A novel dynamic island partition model is presented based on mixed integer second-order cone programming(MISOCP).The effectiveness of the proposed TSPS method is demonstrated in a standard network integrated with historical data of load and renewable generations.

关键词： Active distribution network(ADN) dynamic island partition mixed integer second-order cone programming(MISOCP) optimal dispatch renewable generation timesequence production simulation(TSPS)

dispatch and bidding strategy of active distribution network in energy and ancillary services market

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2015年第4期3卷 565-572页

作者： Yao JIN Zhengyu WANG Chuanwen JIANG Yu ZHANG School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Guizhou Power Grid Corporation Power Grid Planning&Research Center Guiyang 550002China

The active distribution network(ADN)is able to manage distributed generators(DGs),active loads and storage facilities actively.It is also capable of purchasing electricity from main grid and providing ancillary services through a flexible dispatching mode.A competitive market environment is beneficial for the exploration of ADN’s activeness in optimizing dispatch and bidding strategy.In a bilateral electricity market,the decision variables such as bid volume and price can influence the market clearing price(MCP).The MCP can also have impacts on the dispatch strategy of ADN at the same time.This paper proposes a bilevel coordinate dispatch model with fully consideration of the information interaction between main grid and ADN.Simulation results on a typical ADN validate the feasibility of the proposed method.A balanced proportion between energy market and ancillary services market can be achieved.

关键词： Active distribution network(ADN) Energy market Ancillary services market optimal dispatch Bidding Strategy

Solution of Combined Heat and Power Economic dispatch Problem Using Direct Optimization Algorithm

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Energy and Power Engineering 2022年第12期14卷 737-746页

作者： Dedacus N. Ohaegbuchi Olaniyi S. Maliki Chinedu P. A. Okwaraoka Hillary Erondu Okwudiri Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa Department of Mathematics Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria Electrical Electronic Engineering Technology Department Federal Polytechnic Nekede Owerri Nigeria Department of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering and Engineering Technology Owerri Nigeria

This paper presents the solution to the combined heat and power economic dispatch problem using a direct solution algorithm for constrained optimization problems. With the potential of Combined Heat and Power (CHP) production to increase the efficiency of power and heat generation simultaneously having been researched and established, the increasing penetration of CHP systems, and determination of economic dispatch of power and heat assumes higher relevance. The Combined Heat and Power Economic dispatch (CHPED) problem is a demanding optimization problem as both constraints and objective functions can be non-linear and non-convex. This paper presents an explicit formula developed for computing the system-wide incremental costs corresponding with optimal dispatch. The circumvention of the use of iterative search schemes for this crucial step is the innovation inherent in the proposed dispatch procedure. The feasible operating region of the CHP unit three is taken into account in the proposed CHPED problem model, whereas the optimal dispatch of power/heat outputs of CHP unit is determined using the direct Lagrange multiplier solution algorithm. The proposed algorithm is applied to a test system with four units and results are provided.

关键词： Economic dispatch Lagrange Multiplier Algorithm Combined Heat and Power Constraints and Objective Functions optimal dispatch