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Digital twin modeling and controlling of optical power evolution enabling autonomous-driving optical networks: a Bayesian approach

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 69-80页

作者： Xiaomin Liu Yihao Zhang Yuli Chen Yichen Liu Meng Cai Qizhi Qiu Mengfan Fu Lilin Yi Weisheng Hu Qunbi Zhuge Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and NetworksDepartment of Electronic Engineering

optical networks are evolving toward ultrawide bandwidth and autonomous operation. In this scenario, it is crucial to accurately model and control optical power evolutions(OPEs) through optical amplifiers(OAs), as they directly affect the signal-to-noise ratio and fiber nonlinearities. However, a fundamental contradiction arises between the complex physical phenomena in optical transmission and the required precision in network control. Traditional theoretical methods underperform due to ideal assumptions, while data-driven approaches entail exorbitant costs associated with acquiring massive amounts of data to achieve the desired level of accuracy. In this work, we propose a Bayesian inference framework(BIF) to construct the digital twin of OAs and control OPE in a data-efficient manner. Only the informative data are collected to balance the exploration and exploitation of the data space, thus enabling efficient autonomous-driving optical networks(ADONs). Simulations and experiments demonstrate that the BIF can reduce the data size for modeling erbium-doped fiber amplifiers by 80% and Raman amplifiers by 60%. Within 30 iterations, the optimal controlling performance can be achieved to realize target signal/gain profiles in links with different types of OAs. The results show that the BIF paves the way to accurately model and control OPE for future ADONs.

关键词： optical fiber communications digital twin Bayesian inference optical amplifiers autonomous-driving optical networks

An Experiment for Generating the 14-Tone Stable Carriers Using Recirculating Frequency Shifter

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第9期27卷 103-106页

作者：田凤张晓光李建平席丽霞 Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and optical Communications (BUPT) (Ministry of Education) Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876

In experiment, the generation of 14-tone stable carriers with recirculating frequency shifter is realized. Some factors that impact the performance of the carrier generation are discussed. It is experimentally found that the balance and the insertion loss of the inphase/quadrature （I/Q,） modulator, the accurate π/2 phase difference and equal power level of two rf signals which are applied to the two ports of the I/Q, modulator, the gain of the optical amplifier, the bandwidth and sharp window spectrum of the tunable filter and the stability of the optical signals＇ states of polarization fed into I/Q, modulator, play important roles in the generation of a stable multi-tone carrier source. By employing appropriate techniques we obtain 14-tone stable carriers in the experiment.

关键词： RADIO frequency modulation PHASE shifters NUMERICAL integration STABILITY (Mechanics) POLARIZATION (Electricity) optical amplifiers SPECTRUM analysis

High-Frequency Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Entanglement via Atomic Memory Effects in Four-Wave Mixing

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第9期27卷 111-114页

作者：张雪华胡响明孔令峰张秀 Department of Physics Huazhong Normal University Wuhan 430079

Atomic memory effects occur when the atomic relaxation times are comparable to or much longer than the cavlty relaxation times. We show that by using the memory effects, it is possible to obtain high-frequency Einstein- Podolsky-tlosen entanglement between a pair of Stokes and anti-Stokes fields in a four-wave mixing system. The physical origin is traced to the dynamical Stark splittings of dressed states due to the parametrically amplified fields. This mechanism provides an alternative and efficient way for sideband entanglement.

关键词： SHORTWAVE radio EINSTEIN-Podolsky-Rosen experiment RELAXATION (Nuclear physics) optical amplifiers NUCLEAR energy FIELD theory (Physics)

A Sensitive Scheme to Observe Weak Photo-Refraction Effects in Some Nonlinear optical Crystals Pumped by Ultrashort optical Pulses

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第11期26卷 103-106页

作者：徐世祥高艳霞蔡华李景镇 Shenzhen Key Lab of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 Key Laboratory of optical and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Department of Physics East China Normal University Shanghai 200062

We present a sensitive scheme, for the first time to our knowledge, to observe photo-retraction （PR） ettects in some nonlinear optical crystals, e,g. β-BBO, LBO and BIBO, pumped by an intense ultrashort laser pulse chain. These quite weak effects are ＂amplified＂ by sensitive cw intraeavity loss modulation. Our results show that they are repeatable and are dependent on pumping power and wavelength, and their response time ranges from tens of seconds to several minutes. The recorded dynamical transitions between the self-focusing to the self-defocusing （or vice versa） induced by the PR effect may be critically important for us to give more insight into the stability of some cascade nonlinear frequency conversions, e.g. multi-stage optical parametric amplifiers.

关键词： ELECTROOPTICS REFRACTION (Optics) NONLINEAR optics CRYSTAL optics optical pumping ULTRASHORT laser pulses optical amplifiers

Analysis of Pulse Tolerance to Pump Depletion Induced Noise in DWDM Systems Using Distributed Fiber Raman amplifiers

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Chinese Journal of Lasers 2002年第3期11卷 60-63页

作者： YAN Minhui CHEN Jianping LI Jianlang JINAG Wenning CHEN Junfeng LI Xin (The State Key Laboratory on Fiber Optic Local Area Communication Networks and Advanced optical Communication Systems, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China) 上海交通大学 The State Key Laboratory on Fiber-Optic LocalArea Communication Networks and Advanced Optical Communication Systems 上海 200030

In distributed optical fiber Raman amplifiers, instantaneous pump power depletion is related to patterns of input DWDM signals and results in extra optical noise and crosstalk. This noise has different effects on non return to zero (NRZ) and return to zero (RZ) pulse forms. These phenomena are compared with present simulation results.

关键词： Raman scattering optical amplifiers dense wavelength division multiplexing crosstalk optical noise

Intermediate Self-similar Solutions of the Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation with an Arbitrary Longitudinal Gain Profile

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第4期26卷 139-142页

作者：赵卫卢克清张贻齐杨延龙王屹山刘雪明 State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710068

We study pulse propagation in a normal-dispersion optical fibre amplifier with an arbitrary longitudinal gain profile by self-similarity techniques. We show the functional form of the development of low-amplitude wings on the parabolic pulse, which are associated with the evolution of an arbitrary input pulse to the asymptotic parabolic pulse solution. It is found that for the increasing gain the amplifier output corresponding to the input Gaussian pulse converges to the asymptotic parabolic pulse solution more quickly than the output obtained with the input hyperbolic secant pulse, whereas for the decreasing gain the input pulse profiles have nearly no effect on the speed of convergence to the parabolic pulse solution. These theoretical results are confirmed by numerical simulations.

关键词： SELF-similar processes SCHRODINGER equation NONLINEAR theories EQUATIONS -- Numerical solutions optical fibers optical amplifiers STOCHASTIC convergence COMPUTER simulation

Suppression of Nonlinear Patterning Effect in Wavelength Conversion Based on Transient Cross-Phase Modulation in Semiconductor optical Amplifier Assisted with a Detuning Filter

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第3期26卷 136-139页

作者：周恩波张新亮余宇黄德修 Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazbong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074

Nonlinear patterning （NLP） effect in wavelength conversion based on transient cross-phase modulation （XPM） in semiconductor optical amplifier （SOA） assisted with a detuning filter is theoretically investigated. A non- adiabatic model is used to estimate the ultrafast dynamics of gain, phase and electron temperature in the SOA. Simulation results show that the NLP can be greatly suppressed by introducing an assist light, especially for the probe wavelength distant from gain peak. Furthermore, the results also indicate that the improvement is more evident for long wavelength probe light and assist light in counter-propagating configuration.

关键词： optical amplifiers SEMICONDUCTORS WAVELENGTHS PATTERN formation (Physical sciences) PHASE modulation ACOUSTIC filters

Design of an optical slot waveguide amplifier based on Er^(3+)-doped tellurite glass

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Chinese Optics Letters 2023年第1期21卷 91-96页

作者：卫宁李晓博何佳晶范永涛但亚平王俊 Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power LaserShanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science(CEULS) Shanghai 201800China State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

The idea of a slot waveguide amplifier based on erbium-doped tellurite glass is first theoretically discussed in this *** the horizontal slot for low propagation loss,the TM mode profile compressed in the insertion layer was simulated,and the gain characteristics of the slot waveguide amplifier were *** the capacity to confine light locally and the merits of tellurite glass as an emission host,this optimized amplifier shows enhanced interactions between the electric field and erbium ions and achieves a net gain of 15.21 dB for the 0.01 mW input light at 1530 nm,implying great promise of a high-performance device.

关键词： guided waves optical amplifiers rare-earth-doped materials

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Weak laser pulse signal amplification based on a fiber Brillouin amplifier

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Chinese Optics Letters 2018年第11期16卷 66-69页

作者： Liwen Sheng Dexin Ba Zhiwei Lü National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Tunable Laser Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Corresponding author： dexinba@*** corresponding author： lvzw@***

We propose a high-gain and frequency-selective amplifier for a weak optical signal based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in a single mode fiber. To be able to satisfy the needs of high gain and high signal-to-noise ratio laser pulse amplification, different fiber lengths and core diameters are used to fulfill this experiment. In the experiment, a 430 nW （peak power） pulsed signal is amplified by 70 dB with a signal-to-noise ratio of 14 dB. The small size, high gain, low cost, and low noise of the fiber Brillouin amplifier make it a promising weak signal amplification method for practical applications such as lidar.

关键词： Fiber optic amplifiers Lidar optical amplifiers optical signals Single mode fibers Stimulated Brillouin scattering

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