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Thymosin <i>β</i>4 Improves Neurological Outcome and Enhances Induced oligodendrogenesis in the Rat after ICH

World Journal of Neuroscience 2014年第5期4卷 395-405页

作者： Dongmei Yang Yuxia Han Michael Chopp Donald M. Seyfried Department of Physics Oakland University Rochester MI USA Departments of Neurosurgery Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA Departments of Neurology Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA

Thymosin β4 (Tβ4), a G-actin binding protein, has diverse biological functions. This study tested the effects of Tβ4 on oligodendrogenesis in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). ICH was induced by stereotactic injection of 100 μm of autologous blood into the striatum in 32 male Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: 1) saline control group (n = 8);2) 3 mg/kg Tβ4-treated group (n = 8);3) 6 mg/kg Tβ4-treated group (n = 8);and 4) 12 mg/kg Tβ4treated group (n = 8). Tβ4 or saline was administered intraperitoneally starting at 24 h post ICH and then every 3 days for 4 additional doses. The neurological functional outcome was evaluated by behavioral tests (i.e., modified Neurological Severity Score and corner turn test) at multiple time points after ICH. Animals were sacrificed at 28 days post ICH, and histological studies were completed. Tβ4 treatment improved neurological functional recovery significantly and increased actively proliferating oligodendrocytic progenitor cells and myelinating oligodendrocytes in the ICH-affected brain tissue, compared with the saline-treated group. The high-dose treatment of Tβ4 showed better restorative effects compared with the low-dose treatment. Tβ4 treatment enhanced ICH-induced oligodendrogenesis that may contribute to the enhanced functional recovery after ICH. Further investigation is warranted to determine the associated underlying mechanisms of Tβ4 treatment for ICH.

关键词： Thymosin β4 Neurogenesis oligodendrogenesis Intracerebral Hemorrhage

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Adult myelination: wrapping up neuronal plasticity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第13期9卷 1261-1264页

作者： Megan O’Rourke Robert Gasperini Kaylene M.Young Menzies Research Institute Tasmania University of Tasmania The School of Medicine University of Tasmania

In this review, we outline the major neural plasticity mechanisms that have been identified in the adult central nervous system （CNS）, and offer a perspective on how they regulate CNS function. In particular we examine how myelin plasticity can operate alongside neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity to influence information processing and transfer in the mature CNS.

关键词： oligodendrocyte OPC adult central nerrous system NG2 oligodendrogenesis plasticity remodelling myelination neural stem cells synapse

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Liver X receptor β is essential for the differentiation of radial glial cells to oligodendrocytes in the dorsal cortex

Liver X receptor β is essential for the differentiation of ...

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第二届全国发育生物学大会

作者： Pei Xu Haiwei Xu Xiaotong Tang Le Xu Ying Wang Liang Guo Zhenhui Yang Yan Xing Yuzhang Wu Margaret Warner Jan-Ake Gustafsson Xiaotang Fan Department of Histology and Embryology Third Military Medical University Southwest Eye Hospital Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University Institute of Immunology PLAThird Military Medical University Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling University of Houston Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska Institute

Several psychiatric disorders are associated with aberrant white matter development,suggesting oligodendrocyte and myelin dysfunction in these *** are indications that radial glial cells(RGCs)are involved in initiating myelination,and may contribute to the production of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells(OPCs)in the dorsal *** X receptors are involved in maintaining normal myelin in the CNS,however,their function in oligodendrogenesis and myelination is not well ***,we demonstrate that loss of LXRβfunction leads to abnormality in locomotor activity and exploratory behavior,signs of anxiety,and hypomyelination in the corpus callosum and optic nerve,providing in vivo evidence that LXRβdeletion delays both oligodendrocyte differentiation and ***,along the germinal VZ-SVZ and corpus callosum there is reduced OPC production from RGCs in LXRβ-/-***,in cultured RGC an LXR agonist led to increased differentiation into ***,these results suggest that LXRβ,by driving RGCs to become OPCs in the dorsal cortex,is critical for white matter development and CNS myelination,and point to the involvement of LXRβin psychiatric disorders.

关键词： oligodendrogenesis White matter development Corpus callosum Myelination Transcription factor

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