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An economic analysis of twenty light olefin production pathways

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第5期30卷 193-202页

作者： Zhitong Zhao Jingyang Jiang Feng Wang State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals College of ChemistryFaculty of Chemical Environmental and Biological Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningChina State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A comprehensive economic analysis of twenty light olefin production pathways has been performed,covering current and promising processes from fossil(petroleum,coal and natural gas)and renewable resources(biomass and CO_(2)).Taking steam cracking of naphtha as the benchmark,this study gives an economic perspective and points out the bottleneck in different olefin production pathways.The assessment indicates that nearly all renewable pathways are economically unattractive currently and the raw material cost accounts for dominant contribution in most pathways,especially in the oil-,natural gas-and CO_(2)-derived pathways.For the ways of methanol-to-olefins and methanol-to-propylene,fossil pathways are cost-competitive according to the date of current Chinese market prices.However,the price of feedstock hydrogen needs to be lowered by 55%to fill the cost gap between CO_(2)-derived pathways and the benchmark.For the ways of oxidative coupling of methane and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to olefins,fossil pathways enable cost-competitive processes by feedstock price fall,but further process improvement is required to approach benchmark in renewable pathways.Conditionally,a decrease in ethanol price by45%can make ethanol dehydration pathway profitable.In addition,costs can reduce by 4%-23%in different pathways as the production scales expand from 100 to 1000 kt/a,resulting in a change from high cost to economic profit for some of the pathways.The results quantify the need for improvements on feedstock price,scale size and process improvement to achieve competitive production costs.

关键词： Ethylene Propylene olefin Techno-economic Conceptual design

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Synthesis and Characterization of Dinuclear Rare Earth Complexes Bearing N-heterocyclic olefin Moieties

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2020年第1期39卷 79-85,3页

作者：张敏孙江华孙维林倪旭峰 MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Hangzhou Huasu Industry Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310012China

The oxygen-bridged dinuclear rare earth complexes(Ln=Nd(1),Y(2))bearing N-heterocyclic olefin moieties were synthesized by treating the imidazolidinium salt[SIMes-H]Br with potassium amide and rare earth bis(trimethylsilyl)amides.Complex 1 was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and complex 2 was characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy.Both complexes were characterized by elemental analysis.Crystal data of complex 1:C74H138O2N8Si8Nd2,Mr=1685.12,orthorhombic,space group Pbca,a=25.1105(7),b=11.9188(2),c=29.6151(7)?,V=8863.4(4)?^3,Z=4,Dc=1.263 g·cm^-3,μ=1.311 mm^-1,F(000)=3544,the final R=0.0418 and wR=0.0770 for all data.The ring-opening of tetrahydrofuran molecule was proven,the possible mechanism for the formation of N-heterocyclic olefin(NHO)-rare earth complexes was speculated and the electronic and steric properties of SIMes and rare earth amides were discussed.This work provides a better understanding of N-heterocyclic carbene rare earth chemistry.

关键词： rare earth complex N-heterocyclic olefin N-heterocyclic carbene SIMes steric effect

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Carbon-carbon double bond in pillar[5]arene cavity:Selective binding of cis/trans-olefin isomers

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第12期31卷 3230-3232页

作者： Xue Zhang Xiaoyang Wang Bin Wang Zhi-Jun Ding Chunju Li Key Laboratory of lnorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of tructure and Performane forFunctional MoleculesCollege of ChemistryTianjin Norrmal UniversityTianjin 300387China Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry Sshanghai UniversitySshanghai 20044China Srare Key Laboratory of NBC Protecrion for Civilian Beijing 102205China

The binding behavior of pillar[5]arenes(P5 As)towards a series of olefin guests((E)-1,4-dichlo robut-2-ene(1 E),(Z)-1,4-dichlo robut-2-ene(1 Z),(E)-but-2-ene-1,4-diol(2 E),and(Z)-but-2-ene-1,4-diol(2 Z),as well as an alkyne derivative 1,4-dichlorobut-2-yne(3))have been studied in organic solution.P5 As exhibit considerable selectivities for the trans-olefin isomers(1 E and 2 E)over their cis-isomers(1 Z and 2 Z).The cis/trans-selective interactions hold the potential of utilizing P5 As to separate olefin isomers.

关键词： Pillararenes Molecular recognition Supramolecular chemistry olefin Isomers

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New Trends in olefin Production

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Engineering 2017年第2期3卷 171-178页

作者： Ismael Amghizar Laurien A. Vandewalle Kevin M. Van Geem Guy B. Matin Laboratory for Chemical Technology Ghent University Ghent B-9052 Belgium

Most olefins （e.g., ethylene and propylene） will continue to be produced through steam cracking （SC） ofhydrocarbons in the coming decade. In an uncertain commodity market, the chemical industry is investingvery little in alternative technologies and feedstocks because of their current lack of economic viability,despite decreasing crude oil reserves and the recognition of global warming. In this perspective, some of themost promising alternatives are compared with the conventional SC process, and the major bottlenecks ofeach of the competing processes are highlighted. These technologies emerge especially from the abundanceof cheap propane, ethane, and methane from shale gas and stranded gas. From an economic point of view,methane is an interesting starting material, if chemicals can be produced from it. The huge availability ofcrude oil and the expected substantial decline in the demand for fuels imply that the future for proventechnologies such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis （FFS） or methanol to gasoline is not bright. The abundance ofcheap ethane and the large availability of crude oil, on the other hand, have caused the SC industry to shiftto these two extremes, making room for the on-purpose production of light olefins, such as by the catalyticdehydrogenation of orooane.

关键词： olefin production Steam cracking Methane conversionShale gas CO2 emissions

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Polar comonomer incorporation using cationic Ni α-diimine olefin polymerization catalysts

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第2期62卷 153-154页

作者： Jordan M.Kaiser Brian K.Long Department of Chemistry University of Tennessee

Polyolefins are an indispensable class of materials that have become the most widely produced and utilized polymers today.They are readily synthesized from cheap and abundant monomer feedstocks,such as ethylene and propylene,and are capable of achieving a vast array of thermal and mechanical properties based upon their composition and topology.However,despite their numerous advantages, polyolefins are typically devoid of functional groups which can limit their applicability to many product families,such as coatings,adhesives,and cross-linked polyolefins.

关键词： Ni α-diimine olefin polymerization catalysts

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Difunctional Adsorbents Ni/ZnO–HZSM-5 on Adsorption Desulfurization and Aromatization of Olef in Reaction

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2019年第2期25卷 143-151页

作者： Jianzeng Du Yonghong Li Zhenyu Miao Key Lab for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University National Engineering Research Center for Distillation Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering

Novel Ni/ZnO–HZSM-5 adsorbents were synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation. The Ni/ZnO–HZSM-5 adsorbent can achieve deep desulfurization and olefin aromatization at the same time. Thiophene sulfur was removed from 495 to less than 10 ppm via reactive adsorption desulfurization(RADS). olefins were also converted into aromatics. HZSM-5 did not only support adsorbents but also cooperated with active Ni sites to catalyze olefins into aromatic hydrocarbons. Aromatization of 1-pentene, 2-pentene, 2-methyl-2-butene, and 1-hexene on adsorbents was investigated. The adsorbents were characterized by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, X-ray diffraction, temperature-programmed reduction, and temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia and thermogravimetric analysis. The experimental results showed that strong acids on the adsorbent disappeared after HZSM-5 loaded active metal sites, and almost no coke was generated on adsorbents in RADS.

关键词： Ni/ZnO-HZSM-5 Desulfurization olefin aromatization

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Effects of Anions and Cations on π-Complexation Between olefin and Metal Halide

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2005年第2期21卷 217-219页

作者： ZHOUJin-xia ZHANGYong-chun GUOXin-wen StateKeyLaboratoryofFineChemical DalianUniversityofTechnologyDalian116012P.R.China

An ab initio molecular orbital study was performed to determine the effects of anions and cations on the π-complexation of C_2H_4 on MX(M=Ag, Cu; X=F, Cl). The calculated results show the following order of adsorption strength: F ->Cl - for anions; Cu +>Ag + for cations. The results can be explained by the detailed analysis of atomic charge, orbital energy and orbital population by using the natural bond orbital(NBO) theory: (1) anions with stronger electronegativity can attract more electrons from the s orbital of M, while at the same time it does not obviously weaken the d orbital occupation of M, thus the nearly vacant s orbital and the sufficiently filled d orbitals of M help with forming σ-donation and d-π * backdonation with the π orbital and the π * orbital of olefin, respectively; (2) a smaller energy gap of symmetry-adapted orbitals between olefin and a cation can favor the electron transfer, that is why Cu + forms stronger adsorption with olefin than Ag + does.

关键词： Complexation ab initio Calculation olefin Anion Cation

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Separation of C6-olefin Isomers in Reactive Extractants

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第5期13卷 730-735页

作者：宋凤霞于燕梅陈健 State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua University

Chemical complexation, in which certain metal ions （especially Ag^＋ and Cu^＋） reversibly and selectively complex olefin isomers, was used to separate 1-hexene from a mixture of internal hexenes as an attractive alternative to traditional distillation. Several potential reactive extractants were investigated for their selectivity of both 1-hexene to 2-hexene and 1-hexene to 3-hexene. With 3 mol/L AgNO3-N-methyl-pyrrolidone （NMP） solution as extractant, the selectivity of 1-hexene to 3-hexane was increased to about 2.0 and the selectivity of 1-hexene to 2-hexene reached 1.5. Both the raffinate phase and the extracted phase were analyzed using a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector and a 50-m capillary column. The experimental results show that the silver nitrate NMP solution has the better selectivity than other reactive extractions.

关键词： separation olefin π-complex extraction

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Py/GC-MS对烯烃装置堵塔物组成的分析

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分析测试学报 2008年第S1期27卷 233-234页

作者：谢明军隗合宁黄铃李凤英赵明中石化股份有限公司北京燕山分公司公司研究院北京102500 中石化北京燕山石油化工股份有限公司合成橡胶事业部北京102500

In this paper,the stem of an olefin installation were analyzed by pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The components and characteristics of samples were investigated according to the pyrolysis fractional.

关键词： stem analysis olefin installation Py/GC-MS

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Correlation Models for Light olefin Yields from Catalytic Pyrolysis of Petroleum Residue

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Petroleum Science 2005年第1期2卷 32-36页

作者： DongXiaoli MengXianghai GaoJinsen XuChunming StateKeyLaboratory ofHeavyOilProcessingUniversityofPetroleumBeijing102249China

Correlation models for light olefin yields from residue catalytic pyrolysis are studied. Experiments are carried out in a confined fluidized bed reactor for Daqing (China) atmospheric residue catalytic pyrolysis over LCM-5 pyrolyzing catalyst. The influences of reaction temperature, residence time and the weight ratios of catalyst-to-oil and steam-to-oil on light olefin yields are researched. Correlation models for light olefin yields are established, and the model parameters obtained, with the least square method. Results for error analysis and the F-statistical test show that the correlation models have high calculation precision.

关键词： Catalytic pyrolysis correlation model residua olefin yield

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