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Cognitive malingering assessed using event-related potential P300 evoked by the old-new task in the oddball paradigm

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第12期6卷 946-950页

作者： Jianping Zhang Zhenhe Zhou Department of Neurology Wuxi People's Hospital Wuxi 214000 Jiangsu Province China Department of Psychology Wuxi Mental Health Center Wuxi 214151 Jiangsu Province China

The P300, an endogenous subcomponent of the event-related potential, is thought to reflect cognitive processes. The event-related potential evoked by the old-new memory recognition task in the oddball paradigm is suitable for examining the neural processes involved in malingered neurocognitive deficits. Forty-four undergraduates were randomly assigned to a simulated malingering group and a truth-telling group, Another 22 patients with head injudes were enrolled as a control group. All participants completed the old-new memory recognition task in the oddball paradigm. The mean P300 amplitude of the simulated malingering group was significantly reduced compared with the truth-telling group （P 〈 0.01）, but was increased compared with the control group （P〈 0.01）. These results revealed that the P300, evoked by the old-new memory recognition task of the oddball paradigm, may be a helpful indicator for determining cognitive malingering.

关键词： event-related potentials old-new memory recognition task malingered neurocognitive deficit oddball paradigm

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Auditory pre-attentive processing of Chinese tones

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Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第23期121卷 2429-2433页

作者： YANG Li-jun CAO Ke-li WEI Chao-gang LIU Yong-zhi ENT Department Peking Union Medical College Hospital Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100730 China

Background Chinese tones are considered important in Chinese discrimination. However, the relevant reports on auditory central mechanisms concerning Chinese tones are limited. In this study, mismatch negativity （MMN）, one of the event related potentials （ERP）, was used to investigate pre-attentive processing of Chinese tones, and the differences between the function of oddball MMN and that of control MMN are discussed. Methods Ten subjects （six men and four women） with normal hearing participated in the study. A sequence was presented to these subjects through a loudspeaker, the sequence included four blocks, a control block and three oddball blocks. The control block was made up of five components （one pure tone and four Chinese tones） with equiprobability. The oddball blocks were made up of two components, one was a standard stimulus （tone 1） and the other was a deviant stimulus （tone 2 or tone 3 or tone 4）. Electroencephalogram （EEG） data were recorded when the sequence was presented and MMNs were obtained from the analysis of the EEG data. Results Two kinds of MMNs were obtained, oddball MMN and control MMN. oddball MMN was obtained by subtracting the ERP elicited by standard stimulation （tone 1） from that elicited by deviant stimulation （tone 2 or tone 3 or tone 4） in the oddball block; control MMN was obtained by subtracting the ERP elicited by the tone in control block, which was the same tone as the deviant stimulation in the oddball block, from the ERP elicited by deviant stimulation （tone 2 or tone 3 or tone 4） in the oddball block. There were two negative waves in oddball MMN, one appeared around 150 ms （oddball MMN 1）, the other around 300 ms （oddball MMN 2）. Only one negative wave appeared around 300 ms in control MMN, which was corresponding to the oddball MMN 2. We performed the statistical analyses in each paradigm for latencies and amplitudes for oddball MMN 2 in discriminating the three Chinese tones and reported no significant differences. But

关键词： Chinese tones mismatch negativity pre-attentive processing oddball paradigm control paradigm

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Auditory thalamus neurons contribute to the coding of surprise

Auditory thalamus neurons contribute to the coding of surpri...

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中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第八届全国学术会议

作者： Flora M.ANTUNES Manuel S.MALMIERCA Auditory Neurophysiology Unit Laboratory for the Neurobiology of HearingInstitute of Neuroscience of Castilla y LeonUniversity of SalamancaSpain

＜正＞Objective Neurons in the cat auditory cortex（AC;Ulanovsky et al.,2003） and in the rat inferior culliculus（IC;Perez-Gonzalez et al.,2005,Malmierca et al.,2009）,show a reduced response to a repeated stimulus（deviant）,and briefly resume firing if a novel stimulus（oddball） is presented,i.e.,they show stimulus-specific adaptation（SSA）.To date,no study demonstrated high levels of SSA in the medial geniculate body（MGB） as those found in the AC and *** that the MGB receives its inputs from both the AC and IC it is unclear why MGB does not exhibit similar levels of SSA. Thus,our main goal is to examine if neurons in the MGB show a similar type of SSA as neurons in the AC and in the IC. Methods We recorded single unit extracellular responses,in the MGB of urethane anaesthetized rats,using a similar stimulation paradigm as the one used in the AC and IC *** included the three main subdivisions of the *** Our data demonstrate that a high percentage of neurons in the MGB adapt to the standard stimulus but not to the oddball *** of the neurons in the dorsal and medial subdivisions exhibited extreme levels of SSA,firing almost entirely to the oddball tone,and behaving as surprise *** neurons maintained a high degree of SSA even at very extreme conditions,e.g.,at the combination of a frequency contrast as small as 0.14 octaves and an ISI as long as 2000 *** SSA neurons were mainly onset responders with short latency,but some neurons with tonic and also long latency responses showed high levels of *** We provide evidence for a very rapid and sensitive to the stimuli statistics type of adaptation,that may be mediated by diverse neuronal *** results taken together with those from the AC and the IC,demonstrate the ubiquity of this type of adaptation in neurons from the midbrain level up to the *** hypothesize that SSA may be shaped in a bottom-up process.

关键词： medial geniculate body stimulus-specific adaptation oddball paradigm surprise detectors

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