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Structural neural connectivity of the vestibular nuclei in the human brain:a diffusion tensor imaging study

Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第4期13卷 727-730页

作者： Sung Ho Jang Mi Young Lee Sang Seok Yeo Hyeok Gyu Kwon Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam University Department of Physical Therapy College of Health and TherapyDaegu Haany University Department of Physical Therapy College of Health SciencesDankook University Department of Physical Therapy College of Health SciencesCatholic University of Pusan

Many animal studies have reported on the neural connectivity of the vestibular nuclei（VN）.However,little is reported on the structural neural connectivity of the VN in the human *** this study,we attempted to investigate the structural neural connectivity of the VN in 37 healthy subjects using diffusion tensor tractography.A seed region of interest was placed on the isolated VN using probabilistic diffusion tensor *** was defined as the incidence of connection between the VN and each brain *** VN showed 100% connectivity with the cerebellum,thalamus,oculomotor nucleus,trochlear nucleus,abducens nucleus,and reticular formation,irrespective of *** the threshold of 5 streamlines,the VN showed connectivity with the primary motor cortex（95.9%）,primary somatosensory cortex（90.5%）,premotor cortex（87.8%）,hypothalamus（86.5%）,posterior parietal cortex（75.7%）,lateral prefrontal cortex（70.3%）,ventromedial prefrontal cortex（51.4%）,and orbitofrontal cortex（40.5%）,*** results suggest that the VN showed high connectivity with the cerebellum,thalamus,oculomotor nucleus,trochlear nucleus,abducens nucleus,and reticular formation,which are the brain regions related to the functions of the VN,including equilibrium,control of eye movements,conscious perception of movement,and spatial orientation.

关键词： nerve regeneration vestibular nuclei neural connectivity diffusion tensor tractography cerebellum oculomotor nucleus neural regeneration

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Is there a primitive reflex residue underlying Marcus Gunn Syndrome? Rat electrophysiology

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第1期13卷 29-35页

作者： Ying Qiao Hou-Cheng Liang Jing-Dong Zhang Pi-Fu Luo An-Le Su Ting Zhang Hong-Na Zhu Xi’an First Hospital Key Clinic Ophthalmology LabShaanxi Province Eye Research InstituteXi’an 710002Shaanxi ProvinceChina Xi’an BRIGHT Eye Hospital 234 West Youyi RoadXi’an 710068Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Affiliated HospitalXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710002Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Pathology University of Iowa College of MedicineIowa CityIA 52242USA

AIM: To make an electrophysiological demonstration of a possible jaw muscle afferents-oculomotor neural pathway that was proposed by our previous works on rats, which substantiates an early "release hypothesis" on pathogenesis of human Marcus Gunn Syndrome(MGS). METHODS: Extracellular unit discharge recording was applied and both orthodromic and spontaneous unitary firing were recorded in the oculomotor nucleus(III), and the complex of pre-oculomotor interstitial nucleus of Cajal and Darkschewitsch nucleus(INC/DN), following electric stimulation of the ipsilateral masseter nerve(MN) in rats. RESULTS: Extracellular orthodromic unit discharges, with latencies of 3.7±1.3 and 4.7±2.9 ms, were recorded unilaterally in the III, and the INC/DN neurons, respectively. Spontaneous unit discharges were also recorded mostly in the INC/DN and less frequently in the III. Train stimulation could prompt either facilitation or inhibition on those spontaneous unit discharges. The inhibition pattern of train stimulation on the spontaneous discharging was rather different in the III and INC/DN. A slow inhibitory pattern in which spontaneous firing rate decreased further and further following repeated train stimulation was observed in the III. While, some high spontaneous firing rate units, responding promptly to the train stimuli with a short-term inhibition and recovered quickly when stimuli are off, were recorded in the INC/DN. However, orthodromic unit discharge was not recorded in the III and INC/DN in a considerable number of experiment animals. CONCLUSION: A residual neuronal circuit might exist in mammals for the primitive jaw-eyelid reflex observed in amphibians, which might not be well-developed in all experimental mammals in current study. Nonetheless, this pathway can be still considered as a neuroanatomic substrate for development of MGS in some cases among all MGS with different kind of etiology.

关键词： masseter nerve single unit discharge oculomotor nucleus pre-oculomotor neurons interstitial nucleus of Cajal/Darkschewitsch nucleus Marcus Gunn Syndrome

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