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objective assessment of bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease using evolutionary algorithms:clinical validation

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2018年第1期7卷 167-174页

作者： Chao Gao Stephen Smith Michael Lones Stuart Jamieson Jane Alty Jeremy Cosgrove Pingchen Zhang Jin Liu Yimeng Chen Juanjuan Du Shishuang Cui Haiyan Zhou Shengdi Chen Department of Neurology Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Electronic Engineering University of YorkYorkUK Department of Computer Science Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK Department of Neurology Leeds General InfirmaryLeeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK

Background:There is an urgent need for developing objective,effective and convenient measurements to help clinicians accurately identify bradykinesia.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of an objective approach assessing bradykinesia in finger tapping(FT)that uses evolutionary algorithms(EAs)and explore whether it can be used to identify early stage Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:One hundred and seven PD,41 essential tremor(ET)patients and 49 normal controls(NC)were recruited.Participants performed a standard FT task with two electromagnetic tracking sensors attached to the thumb and index finger.Readings from the sensors were transmitted to a tablet computer and subsequently analyzed by using EAs.The output from the device(referred to as"PD-Monitor")scaled from−1 to+1(where higher scores indicate greater severity of bradykinesia).Meanwhile,the bradykinesia was rated clinically using the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale(MDS-UPDRS)FT item.Results:With an increasing MDS-UPDRS FT score,the PD-Monitor score from the same hand side increased correspondingly.PD-Monitor score correlated well with MDS-UPDRS FT score(right side:r=0.819,P=0.000;left side:r=0.783,P=0.000).Moreover,PD-Monitor scores in 97 PD patients with MDS-UPDRS FT bradykinesia and each PD subgroup(FT bradykinesia scored from 1 to 3)were all higher than that in NC.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves revealed that PD-Monitor FT scores could detect different severity of bradykinesia with high accuracy(≥89.7%)in the right dominant hand.Furthermore,PD-Monitor scores could discriminate early stage PD from NC,with area under the ROC curve greater than or equal to 0.899.Additionally,ET without bradykinesia could be differentiated from PD by PD-Monitor scores.A positive correlation of PD-Monitor scores with modified Hoehn and Yahr stage was found in the left hand sides.Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that a simple to use device employing classifiers derived from EAs could n

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Bradykinesia Evolutionary algorithms objective assessment Clinical validation

Towards a simple and safe objective Caml compiling framework for the synchronous language SIGNAL

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2019年第4期13卷 715-734页

作者： Zhibin YANG Jean-Paul BODEVEIX Mamoun FILALI School of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 211106 China State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beijing 100191 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Novel Software Technology and Industrialization Nanjing 211106 China IRIT-CNRS Universite de Toulouse Toulouse 31062 France

This paper presents a simple and safe compiler, called MinSIGNAL, from a subset of the synchronous dataflow language SIGNAL to C, as well as its existing en? hancements. The compiler follows a modular architecture, and can be seen as a sequence of source-to-source transformations applied to an intermediate representation which is named Synchronous Clocked Guarded Actions (S-CGA) and translation to sequential imperative code. objective Caml (OCaml) is used for the implementation of MinSIGNAL. As a modem functional language, OCaml is adapted to symbolic computation and so, particularly suitable for compiler design and implementation of formal analysis tools. In particular, the safety of its type checking allows to skip some verification that would be mandatory with other languages. Additionally, this work is a basis for the formal verification of the compilation of SIGNAL with a theorem prover such as Coq.

关键词： synchronous languages SIGNAL Synchronous Clocked Guarded Actions (S-CGA) objective Caml functional programming

An ideal interval method of multi-objective decision-making for comprehensive assessment of water resources renewability

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2004年第Z1期47卷 42-50页

作者： YANG Xiaohua1, YANG Zhifeng1,2, SHEN Zhenyao1 & LI Jianqiang3 1. School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal Univer- sity, Beijing 100875, China 2. School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 3. Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General Institute, MWR, Beijing 100011, China School of Environment State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences Beijing Normal University Ministry of Education Beijing 100875 China Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General Institute MWR Beijing 100011 China

In order to estimate water resources renewability scientifically, an Ideal Interval Method of Multiple objective Decision-Making (IIMMODM) is presented. This method is developed through improving an ideal point method of multiple objective decision-making. The ideal interval is obtained with assessment standard instead of ideal points. The weights are decided by using the basic point and gray code accelerating genetic algorithm. This method has synthesized the expert’s suggestion and avoided giving a mark for the objective again. It could solve the complicated problem of compatible or incompatible multi-objective assessment. The principle of IIMMODM is presented in this paper. It is used to assess the water resources renewability for nine administrative divisions in the Yellow River basin. The result shows that the water resources renewability in the Yellow River basin is very low. Compared with the gray associate analysis method, fuzzy synthesis method and genetic projection pursuit method, the IIMMODM is easier to use. Compared with the ideal point method of multiple objective decision-making, the IIMMODM has good robustness, which is applicable to the comprehensive assessments of water resources.

关键词： water resources renewability, comprehensive assessment, multiple objective decision-making,ideal interval, Yellow River basin.

Evolutionary many objective optimization based on bidirectional decomposition

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2019年第2期30卷 319-326页

作者： LYU Chengzhong LI Weimin Air and Missile Defense College Air Force Engineering University

The decomposition based approach decomposes a multi-objective problem into a series of single objective subproblems, which are optimized along contours towards the ideal point. But non-dominated solutions cannot spread uniformly, since the Pareto front shows different features, such as concave and convex. To improve the distribution uniformity of non-dominated solutions, a bidirectional decomposition based approach that constructs two search directions is proposed to provide a uniform distribution no matter what features problems have. Since two populations along two search directions show differently on diversity and convergence, an adaptive neighborhood selection approach is presented to choose suitable parents for the offspring generation. In order to avoid the problem of the shrinking search region caused by the close distance of the ideal and nadir points, a reference point update approach is presented. The performance of the proposed algorithm is validated with four state-of-the-art algorithms. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm on all considered test problems.

关键词： many objective optimization bidirectional decomposition reference update evolutionary algorithm

Optimal planning of energy storage system in active distribution system based on fuzzy multi-objective bi-level optimization

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2018年第2期6卷 342-355页

作者： Rui LI Wei WANG Zhe CHEN Xuezhi WU National Active Distribution Network Technology Research Center Beijing Jiaotong University Department of Energy Technology Aalborg University

A fuzzy multi-objective bi-level optimization problem is proposed to model the planning of energy storage system(ESS) in active distribution systems(ADS). The proposed model enables us to take into account how optimal operation strategy of ESS in the lower level can affect and be affected by the optimal allocation of ESS in the upper level. The power characteristic model of micro-grid(MG)and typical daily scenarios are established to take full consideration of time-variable nature of renewable energy generations(REGs) and load demand while easing the burden of computation. To solve the bi-level mixed integer problem, a multi-subgroup hierarchical chaos hybrid algorithm is introduced based on differential evolution(DE) and particle swarm optimization(PSO). The modified IEEE-33 bus benchmark distribution system is utilized to investigate the availability and effectiveness of the proposed model and the hybrid algorithm. Results indicate that the planningmodel gives an adequate consideration to the optimal operation and different roles of ESS, and has the advantages of objectiveness and reasonableness.

关键词： Active distribution system Energy storage system Optimal planning Bi-level programming Fuzzy multiple objective

Subtle skills: Using objective structured clinical examinations to assess gastroenterology fellow performance in system based practice milestones

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第11期26卷 1221-1230页

作者： Marianna Papademetriou Gabriel Perrault Max Pitman Colleen Gillespie Sondra Zabar Elizabeth Weinshel Renee Williams Division of Gastroenterology Georgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDC 20007United States Division of Gastroenterology Washington DC VA Medical CenterWashingtonDC 20422United States Department of Medicine New York University Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10016United States Division of Gastroenterology New York University Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10016United States Department of Medicine New York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States Department of Gastroenterology VA New York Harbor Healthcare SystemNew YorkNY 10010United States

BACKGROUND System based practice(SBP) milestones require trainees to effectively navigate the larger health care system for optimal patient care. In gastroenterology training programs, the assessment of SBP is difficult due to high volume, high acuity inpatient care, as well as inconsistent direct supervision. Nevertheless,structured assessment is required for training programs. We hypothesized that objective structured clinical examination(OSCE) would be an effective tool for assessment of SBP.AIM To develop a novel method for SBP milestone assessment of gastroenterology fellows using the OSCE.METHODS For this observational study, we created 4 OSCE stations: Counseling an impaired colleague, handoff after overnight call, a feeding tube placement discussion, and giving feedback to a medical student on a progress note. Twentysix first year fellows from 7 programs participated. All fellows encountered identical case presentations. Checklists were completed by trained standardized patients who interacted with each fellow participant. A report with individual and composite scores was generated and forwarded to program directors to utilize in formative assessment. Fellows also received immediate feedback from a faculty observer and completed a post-session program evaluation survey.RESULTS Survey response rate was 100%. The average composite score across SBP milestones for all cases were 6.22(SBP1), 4.34(SBP2), 3.35(SBP3), and 6.42(SBP4)out of 9. The lowest composite score was in SBP 3, which asks fellows to advocate for cost effective care. This highest score was in patient care 2, which asks fellows to develop comprehensive management plans. Discrepancies were identified between the fellows’ perceived performance in their self-assessments and Standardized Patient checklist evaluations for each case. Eighty-seven percent of fellows agreed that OSCEs are an important component of their clinical training,and 83% stated that the cases were similar to actual clinical encounters. All participating fellows stated that the

关键词： objective structured clinical exams Medical education Medical error System based practice Milestones Gastroenterology

Theories and calculation methods for regional objective ET(evapotranspiration):Applications

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第5期52卷 1390-1396页

作者： LIU JiaHong QIN DaYong WANG MingNa LüJinYan SANG XueFeng ZHANG RuiMei China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing 100044China Research Center on Water Resources and Ecology of the Ministry of Water Resources of China Beijing 100044China

The regional objective ET(evapotranspiration) is defined as the quantity of water that could be con-sumed in a particular region.It varies with the water conditions and economic development stages in the region.It is also constrained by the requirement of benign environment cycle.At the same time,it must meet the demands of sustainable economic growth and the construction of harmony society.objective ET based water resources distribution will replace the conventional method,which empha-sizes the balance between the water demand and the water supply.It puts focus on the reasonable water consumption instead of the forecasted water demand,which is usually greater than the actual one.In this paper,we calculated the objective ET of 2010 year level in Tianjin by an analysis-integra-tion-assessment method.objective ET can be classified into two parts:controllable ET and uncontrol-lable ET.Controllable ET includes the ET from irrigation land and the ET from resident land,among which the former can be calculated with soil moisture model and evapotranspiration model,while the latter can be calculated by water use ration and water consumption rate.The uncontrollable ET can be calculated with the distributed hydrological model and the remote sensing monitoring model.The two models can be mutually calibrated.In this paper,eight schemes are put forward based on different portfolios of water resources.The objective ET of each scheme was calculated and the results were assessed and analyzed.Finally,an optimal scheme was recommended.

关键词： objective ET(evapotranspiration) water resources management application Tianjin

objective Fitting Evaluation Model for Dressing Fit Based on Wrinkle Index of Dressing Image

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2019年第1期36卷 37-45页

作者：张蒙蒙庄梅玲张晓枫 College of Textiles and Clothing Qingdao University College of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao University

An effective model(image to wrinkle, ITW) for garment fitting evaluation is presented. The proposed model is to improve the accuracy of garment fitting evaluation based on dressing image. The ITW model is an objective evaluation model of fitting based on the wrinkle index of dressing image. The ITW model consists of two main steps, the gray curve-fitting(GCF) threshold segmentation algorithm and Canny edge detection algorithm. In the ITW model, three types of wrinkle trends are defined. And the network dressing image is evaluated and simulated by three quantitative indexes: wrinkle number, wrinkle regularity and wrinkle unevenness. Finally, the fitness of three kinds of dress effects(tight, fit and loose) is quantified by objective fitting evaluation model.

关键词： objective fitting evaluation model image to wrinkle(ITW) dressing image wrinkles index

Towards an objective historical tropical cyclone dataset for the Australian region

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2020年第1期9卷 23-36页

作者： Joseph B.Courtney ANDrew D.Burton Christopher S.Velden Timothy L.OlANDer Elizabeth A.Ritchie Clair Stark Leon Majewski Bureau of Meteorology Australia CIMSS University of Wisconsin-MadisonUSA University of New South Wales CanberraAustralia

The appropriate design of infrastructure in tropical cyclone(TC)prone regions requires an understanding of the hazard risk profile underpinned by an accurate,homogenous long-term TC dataset.The existing Australian region TC archive,or’best track’(BT),suffers from inhomogeneities and an incomplete long-term record of key TC parameters.This study assesses mostly satellite-based objective techniques for 1981-2016,the period of a geostationary satellite imagery dataset corrected for navigation and calibration issues.The satellite-based estimates of Australian-region TCs suffer from a general degradation in the 1981-1988 period owing to lower quality and availability of satellite imagery.The quality of the objective techniques for both intensity and structure is compared to the reference BT 2003-2016 estimates.For intensity the Advanced Dvorak Technique algorithm corresponds well with the BT 2003-2016,when the algorithm can use passive microwave data(PMW)as an input.For the period prior to 2003 when PMW data is unavailable,the intensity algorithm has a low bias.Systematic corrections were made to the non-PMW objective estimates to produce an extended(1989-2016)homogeneous dataset of maximum wind that has sufficient accuracy to be considered for use where a larger homogeneous sample size is valued over a shorter more accurate period of record.An associated record of central pressure using the Courtney-Knaff-Zehr wind pressure relationship was created.For size estimates,three techniques were investigated:the Deviation Angle Variance and the’Knaff’techniques(IR-based),while the’Lok’technique used model information(ECMWF reanalysis dataset and TC vortex specification from ACCESS-TC).However,results lacked sufficient skill to enable extension of the reliable period of record.The availability of scatterometer data makes the BT 2003-2016 dataset the most reliable and accurate.Recommendations regarding the best data source for each parameter for different periods of the record are summarised.

关键词： objective tropical cyclone reanalysis satellite intensity ADT