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Endostatin specifically targets both tumor blood vessels and lymphatic vessels

Frontiers of Medicine 2011年第4期5卷 336-340页

作者： Wei Zhuo Yang Chen Xiaomin Song Yongzhang Luo National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-tumor Protein Therapeutics Beijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics Beijing 100084China Cancer Biology Laboratory School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Endostatin,a 20 kDa C-terminal fragment of collagen XVIII,was first identified as a potent angiogenic inhibitor.The anti-angiogenic function of endostatin has been well documented during the past decade.Recently,several studies demonstrated that endostatin also inhibits tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis.However,the exact mechanism that endostatin executes its anti-angiogenic and anti-lymphangiogenic functions remains elusive.In the current mini-review,we briefly summarize recent novel findings,including the functions of endostatin targeting not only angiogenesis but also lymphangiogenesis,and the underlying mechanism by which endostatin internalization regulates its biological functions.

关键词： endostatin angiogenesis lymphangiogenesis nystatin internalization tumor

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Pre-formulation Study for Preparation of Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets Containing nystatin and Cashew Gum by Direct Compression

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2019年第1期9卷 1-14页

作者： Ana Paula de SáPinto Abrahao Magalhaes Flávia Almada do Carmo Claudia Regina Elias Mansur Institute of Macromolecules Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-598Brazil Faculty of Pharmacy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-599Brazil Program of Materials Engineering and Metallurgy Technology CenterAlberto Luiz Institute of CoimbraPost-Graduation and Engineering Research-COPPEFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-594Brazil

Cashew gum is a branched chain heteropolysaccharide extracted from the cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.).Purified cashew gum (PCG) is free of plant contaminants and is highly soluble.Several studies have indicated this polymer can be relevant in the pharmaceutical industry for production of tablets.Recently,our research group reported that PCG can be used as a diluent for tablets produced by direct compression.nystatin (Nys) is the drug of first choice for treatment of oral candidiasis,in the form of a suspension.The treatment consists of up to six daily doses of a suspension of nys at 500,000 IU,causing low therapeutic adhesion by patients.The objective of this study was to investigate the behavior of PCG together with nys and other excipients (flavoring agents and lubricating agent) for future manufacture of mucoadhesive buccal tablets by direct compression.For that purpose,we performed pre-formulation tests (FTIR,TGA,XRD,solubility,pH,granulometry,swelling degree and powder flow) with physical mixtures of the drug and excipients.The results were excellent,demonstrating that PCG is a polymer with potential for this type of application.

关键词： Purified cashew gum nystatin mucoadhesive buccal tablets

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A Persistent Na<sup>+</sup>Current and Its Contribution to Burst-Like Firing in Ventral Tegmental Area Dopamine Neurons

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2015年第7期8卷 429-440页

作者： Susumu Koyama Munechika Enjoji Mark S. Brodie Sarah B. Appel Department of Physiology and Biophysics University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine Chicago IL USA Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan

The ventral tegmental area dopamine (DA VTA) neurons have the spontaneous tonic activity and an alteration of firing pattern from tonic to burst accelerates dopamine transmission more effectively in the mesoaccumbal dopaminergic system, leading to the reinforcing process of drugs of abuse such as alcohol and nicotine. In the present study, we examined whether a persistent Na+ current would contribute to burst firing in DA VTA neuronsusing nystatin-perforated recording. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) (1 μM) or riluzole (10 μM) hyperpolarized the membrane potential and stopped spontaneous firing of DA VTA neurons. In voltage-clamp analysis, a TTX and riluzole-sensitive and persistent Na+ current was activated at ?60 mV and reached maximal amplitude at ?40 mV. This persistent Na+ current was potentiated by a negative shift of the voltage of activation by eliminating Ca2+ from the extracellular solution. The Ca2+-free extracellular solution depolarized the membrane potential and increased the firing frequency of DA VTA neurons. When a continuous hyperpolarizing current was injected, the firing pattern of the DA VTA neurons transformed into burst-like firing;with average spike number of 4.9, average inter-spike interval of 221 ms, and an average plateau potential, on which the train of spikes generated, was 11 mV. The burst-like firing of DA VTA neurons was abolished by 10 μM riluzole. The concurrent blockade of both T-type Ca2+ current and small conductance Ca2+-activated K+(SK) currents by 100 μM nickel did not induce burst-like firing with or without continuous hyperpolarizing current injection in DA VTA neurons. In conclusion, increases in a persistent Na+ current that mediates a depolarizing driving force by removing extracellular Ca2+ contributes to burst-like firing in DA VTA neurons.

关键词： Apamin Acutely Dissociated Neurons Extracellular Ca2+ Nickel nystatin Perforated Patch Recording

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