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A molecular link between autophagy and circadian rhythm in plants

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第5期64卷 1044-1058页

作者： Weijun Chen Zhaotun Hu MengTing Yu Sirui Zhu Junjie Xing Limei Song Wenxuan Pu Feng Yu State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Biologyand Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental RegulationHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province School of Biological and Food EngineeringHuaihua CollegeHuaihua 418008China State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research CenterChangsha 410125China Technology Center China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co.Ltd.Changsha 410007China

Extremely high or low autophagy levels disrupt plant survival under nutrient starvation.Recently,autophagy has been reported to display rhythms in animals.However,the mechanism of circadian regulation of autophagy is still unclear.Here,we observed that autophagy has a robust rhythm and that various autophagy-related genes(ATGs)are rhythmically expressed in Arabidopsis.Chromatin immunoprecipitation(Ch IP)and dual-luciferase(LUC)analyses showed that the core oscillator gene TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1(TOC1)directly binds to the promoters of ATG(ATG1 a,ATG2,and ATG8 d)and negatively regulates autophagy activities under nutritional stress.Furthermore,autophagy defects might affect endogenous rhythms by reducing the rhythm amplitude of TOC1 and shortening the rhythm period of CIRCADIAN CLOCK-ASSOCIATED 1(CCA1).Autophagy is essential for the circadian clock pattern in seedling development and plant sensitivity to nutritional deficiencies.Taken together,our studies reveal a plant strategy in which the TOC1-ATG axis involved in autophagy-rhythm crosstalk to fine-tune the intensity of autophagy.

关键词： ATG8d autophagy activities circadian clock nutritional stress TOC1

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Phenotypic variation in food utilization in an outbreak insect herbivore

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 467-474页

作者： Roberto Quezada-Garcia Alvaro Fuentealba Eric Bauce Faculté de Foresterie Géographie et Géomafique Département des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt Centre d'Etude de la Forêt (CEF) Universite Laval Quebec City Quebec Canada

The effects of nutrition may have subtantial impact on insect evolution by shaping different components of phenotypes. The key to undestanding this evolutionary process is to know how nutritional condition affects additive and nonadditive components of the phenotype. However, this is poorly understood in outbreaking insects. We investigated the additive and nonadditive variation present in food utilization traits in spruce budworm individuals subjected to chronic nutritional stress. A total of 160 full-sib families of spruce budworm （Choristoneurafumiferana Clem.） were raised under laboratory condi- tions, feeding on 2 diets （high and low energy） during 3 generations. Variables tested were pupal mass, consumption rate （RCR）, growth rate （RGR）, approximate digestibility （AD）, the efficiency of conversion of digested food （ECD） and the efficiency of conversion of ingested food （ECI）. Our results show that all traits tested presented a high percentage of nonadditive effects that modulate phenotype expression. We found a significant impact of family × diet interaction on pupal mass, RGR and ECD. Furthermore, these traits exhib- ited the greatest heritability. There was no evidence of presence of maternal effects. The results revealed that food utilization traits may evolve through epigenetics effects, such as phenotypic plasticity. This information can be used by modellers to improve forecast of spruce budworm population dynamics.

关键词： food utilization nutritional stress phenotypic plasticity spruce budworm

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Role of the Zinc nutritional Status on Main Physiological Bioindicators of the Pecan Tree

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第12期8卷 1327-1336页

作者： Angelica Anahi Acevedo-Barrera Esteban Sanchez Rosa Maria Yanez-Munoz Juan Manuel Soto-Parra Angel Lagarda-Murrieta Vicente de Paul Alvarez-Reyna Eduardo Madero-Tamargo Alejandro Moreno-Resendez Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro TorreonMéxico Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo A.C.Unidad Delicias DeliciasMéxico Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnologicas Universidad Autonoma de ChihuahuaChihuahuaMéxico

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of Zn nutritional status on the content of pigments, nonstructural carbohydrates, foliage proteins and amino acids of the pecan tree, as possible bioindicators of Zn deficiency. The experimental design was completely random with three Zn nutritional statuses: Normal, Intermediate and Deficient, being selected considering visual symptomatology. On all three nutritional statuses, the concentration of photosynthetic pigments was determined as well as of total soluble proteins and amino acids. Obtained results indicate that Zn deficient nutritional status was characterized by minimum photosynthetic pigment, protein concentrations, maximum amino acid and nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations. While the normal Zn nutritional status presented maximum photosynthetic pigments, proteins concentrations, minimum amino acids and carbohydrate concentrations. On the other hand, intermediate Zn nutritional status was characterized by a medium level between the other two Zn nutritional statuses. Finally, we stress the fact that pigments, proteins, amino acids and nonstructural carbohydrates may be good physiological indicators related to Zn nutritional status on pecan trees.

关键词： Carya illinoinensis Bioindicators Deficiency nutritional stress

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The effect of global warming on beef production in developing countries of the southern hemisphere

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Natural Science 2013年第1期5卷 106-119页

作者： M.M.Scholtz C.McManus K-J.Leeuw H.Louvandini L.Seixas C.B.de Melo A.Theunissen F.W.C.Neser ARC-Animal Production Institute IreneSouth Africa University of the Free State BloemfonteinSouth Africa Insituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia-InformacaoGenetico-Sanitaria da Pecuaria Brasileira Brazil Departamento de Zootecnia Universidade Federal de Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura Universidade de Sao PauloPiracicabaBrazil Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinaria Universidade de BrasiliaBrasiliaBrazil Northern Cape Department of Agricultural Land Reform and Rural DevelopmentJan KempdorpSouth Africa

Developing countries from the southern hemisphere will be confronted by the same beef production challenges caused by global warming, because these countries are at the same geographical positions in southern latitudes. Global warming is expected to have a more extreme effect on the southern hemisphere than on other continents and will have a negative effect on the beef production environments in these countries. The negative effects will include high ambient temperatures, nutritional stress and altered patterns of animal diseases. Heat stress in beef cattle on veld/savannah is expected to increase as a result of changing weather patterns on a global and regional scale. This may negatively influence food production from beef cattle for the human food chain. Negative effects of increased temperatures and thus heat stress can include lower reproductive rates and weaning weights. The effect of heat stress can be partly addressed by nutritional strategies, such as replacing rapid fermentable carbohydrates with saturated fatty acids and the feeding of more by-pass protein and dietary electrolytes. Global warming will also alter the distribution pattern of animal diseases and the vectors of some of these diseases. This may even include the spread to South American countries. Likewise the nutritional value of natural pastures may be influenced. The effect of global warming on the quality of pastures will depend on whether the global warming is a result of increased carbon dioxide levels or not. An improved understanding of the adaptation of beef cattle to their production environments is important, but adaptation is complex and thus difficult to measure. Fortunately, several proxy-indicators for adaptation such as reproductive, production and health traits are available. The selection of animals and genotypes that are better adapted to the production system, including heat stress, is possible and should be persuade to ensure sustainable beef production in hotter climates.

关键词： Adaptation Animal diseases Heat stress Mitigation Strategies nutritional stress

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