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nutritional and physical improvements in older adults through the DOREMI remote coaching approach:a real-world study

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Intelligent Medicine 2022年第4期2卷 181-192页

作者： Federico Vozzi Filippo Palumbo Erina Ferro Karl Kreiner Franca Giugni Rachel Dutton Shirley Hall Daniele Musian Marina Parolini Patrizia Riso Oberdan Parodi Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1PisaItaly Institute of Science and Information Technology ISTI-CNR Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1PisaItaly Austrian Institute of Technology AIT Giefinggasse Wien Austria 4 Fry Accord178 Birmingham RoadWest BromwichWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom The ExtraCare Charitable Trust 7 Harry Weston RoadBinleyCoventryUnited Kingdom SI4Life Scrl Corso Podestà1/21-22-23GenoaItaly Institute of Clinical Physiology IFC-CNR ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano NiguardaPiazzale Ospedale Maggiore 3MilanItaly Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences DEFENSUniversity of MilanVia Luigi Mangiagalli25MilanItaly Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio FTGM Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1PisaItaly

Background Malnutrition(excess or defect)and sedentariness act as an accelerator in the older people frailty process.A systemic solution has been developed to engage older people in a healthier lifestyle using serious games and food monitoring.The study aimed to evaluate protocol influence on variables related to unhealthy behaviors improving dietary habits through a remote nutritional coaching approach and stimulating the population to increase physical activity through Exergames.Methods Thirty-two subjects(25 Treatments and 7 Controls,aging 65-80 years),of which 15(11 Treatments and 4 Controls)living in the UK(ACCORD and ExtraCare Villages placed in Shenley Wood(Milton Keynes),St.Crispin(Northampton),and Showell Court(Wolverhampton))and 17(14 Treatments and 3 Controls)in Italy(Genoa,Liguria),were recruited and characterized in terms of nutritional status,physical,somatometric,hemodynamic and biochemical measurements,and body composition.Participants were stimulated to adopt the Mediterranean dietary pattern,by a food diary diet-app,and perform regular physical activity,by the Exergame app,for three months.At the end of the trial,users underwent the same test battery.Data were tested for normality of distribution by the Shapiro-Wilk test.Comparisons between groups were performed at baseline by unpaired Student’s t-test for continuous variables,chi-square test,or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables.Analysis of Variance(ANOVA)for repeated measures was used to analyze the significance of changes over time between groups.Results At the end of the trial,significant reductions of systolic(15 mmHg,P=0.001),diastolic(5 mmHg,P=0.025),mean(10 mmHg,P=0.001)blood pressure,and rate-pressure product(RPP)(1,105 mmHg∗bpm,P=0.017)values were observed in DOREMI users.A trend of improvement of physical performance by the short physical performance battery(SPPB)was observed for balance and walk subtests.A significant decrease(0.91 kg,P=0.043)in Body Mass Index(BMI)was observed in overweight subjects(BMI>25 kg/m 2)after DO

关键词： nutrition Physical activity Elderly Healthy aging Information and communication technologies

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Seasonal diet and microbiome shifts in wild rhesus macaques are better correlated at the level of nutrient components than food items

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 1147-1161页

作者： Zhenwei CUI Andrew JHOLMES Wenjuan ZHANG Dalong HU Qi SHAO Zhenlong WANG Jiqi LU David RAUBENHEIMER Centre for nutritional Ecology Centre for Sport Nutrition and HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina School of Life Sciences Institute of Biodiversity and EcologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Charles Perkins Centre School of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia School of Life Sciences Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina

Food supply is one of the major drivers of animal behavior,and the gut microbiome is an important mediator be-tween food supply and its effects on physiology.However,predicting the outcome of diet change on microbiome and consequences for the animal has proven extremely challenging.We propose this reﬂects processes occurring at different scales.Inadequate accounting for the multi-level complexity of nutrition(nutrients,foods,diets)obscures the diet inﬂuence on microbiome and subsequently animal.Here,we present a detailed year-round,multi-level analysis of diet and microbiome changes in a wild population of a temperate primate,the rhesus macaque(Macaca mulatta).Total daily food and nutrient intake of 6 male and 6 female macaques was monitored in each of the 4 sea-sons(total 120 days observations).For each individual,we found signiﬁcant variation in the microbiome between all 4 seasons.This response was more strongly correlated with changes in macronutrient intake than with food items and much of the response could be explained at the level of 6 ecological guilds—sets of taxa sharing similar responses to nutrient intake.We conclude that study of diet,microbiome,and animal performance in ecology will more effectively identify patterns if diet is recorded at the level of nutrient intake.Although microbiome response to diet does show variation in species-level taxa in response to food items,there is greater commonality in response at the level of guilds.A goal for microbiome researchers should be to identify genes encoding microbial attributes that can deﬁne such guilds.

关键词： gut microbiome macaque nutrition nutritional ecology seasonality

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nutrition calc plus CD-ROM user's guide.

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2004年

作者： Gordon M. Wardlaw Jeffrey S. Hampl Robert A. DiSilvestro.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN: (纸本)0072921099

Includes bibliographical references and index.

关键词： nutrition

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Combination of Se-methylselenocysteine,D-α-tocopheryl succinate,β-carotene,and L-lysine can prevent cancer metastases using as an adjuvant therapy

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2022年第11期23卷 943-956页

作者： Yunlong CHENG Shu LIAN Shuhui LI Yusheng LU Jie WANG Xiaoxiao DENG Shengyi ZHAI Lee JIA Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics College of Materials and Chemical EngineeringMinjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108China Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis ChemopreventionCollege of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography Minjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108China

Objective:Primary tumor treatment through surgical resection and adjuvant therapy has been extensively studied,but there is a lack of effective strategies and drugs for the treatment of tumor metastases.Here,we describe a functional product based on a combination of compounds,which can be used as an adjuvant therapy and has well-known mechanisms for inhibiting cancer metastases,improving anti-cancer treatment,and enhancing immunity and antioxidant capacity.Our designed combination,named MVBL,consists of four inexpensive compounds:L-selenium-methylselenocysteine(MSC),D-α-tocopheryl succinic acid(VES),β-carotene(β-Ca),and L-lysine(Lys).Methods:The effects of MVBL on cell viability,cell cycle,cell apoptosis,cell migration,cell invasion,reactive oxygen species(ROS),and paclitaxel(PTX)-combined treatment were studied in vitro.The inhibition of tumor metastasis,antioxidation,and immune enhancement capacity of MVBL were determined in vivo.Results:MVBL exhibited higher toxicity to tumor cells than to normal cells.It did not significantly affect the cell cycle of cancer cells,but increased their apoptosis.Wound healing,adhesion,and transwell assays showed that MVBL significantly inhibited tumor cell migration,adhesion,and invasion.MVBL sensitized MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to PTX,indicating that it can be used as an adjuvant to enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy drugs.In mice,experimental data showed that MVBL inhibited tumor metastasis,prolonged their survival time,and enhanced their antioxidant capacity and immune function.Conclusions:This study revealed the roles of MVBL in improving immunity and antioxidation,preventing tumor growth,and inhibiting metastasis in vitro and in vivo.MVBL may be used as an adjuvant drug in cancer therapy for improving the survival and quality of life of cancer patients.

关键词： Cancer prevention Cancer metastases Selenium(Se) Combination of drugs nutrition

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Pasture-finishing of bison improves animal metabolic health and potential health-promoting compounds in meat

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第4期14卷 1759-1776页

作者： Stephan van Vliet Amanda D.Blair Lydia M.Hite Jennifer Cloward Robert E.Ward Carter Kruse Herman A.van Wietmarchsen Nick van Eekeren Scott L.Kronberg Frederick D.Provenza Center for Human nutrition Studies Department of NutritionDieteticsand Food SciencesCollege of Agriculture and Applied SciencesUtah State UniversityLoganUT 84322USA Department of Wildland Resources Utah State UniversityLoganUT 84332USA Department of Animal Science South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57707USA Turner Institute of Ecoagriculture BozemanMT 59718USA Louis Bolk Institute Bunnik 3981AJthe Netherlands Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory USDA-Agricultural Research ServiceMandanND 58554USA

Background With rising concerns regarding the effects of red meat on human and environmental health,a growing number of livestock producers are exploring ways to improve production systems.A promising avenue includes agro-ecological practices such as rotational grazing of locally adapted ruminants.Additionally,growing consumer interest in pasture-finished meat(i.e.,grass-fed)has raised questions about its nutritional composition.Thus,the goal of this study was to determine the impact of two common finishing systems in North American bison—pasture-finished or pen-finished on concentrates for 146 d—on metabolomic,lipidomic,and fatty acid profiles of striploins(M.longissimus lumborum).Results Six hundred and seventy-one(671)out of 1570 profiled compounds(43%)differed between pasture-and penfinished conditions(n=20 animals per group)(all,P<0.05).Relative to pasture-finished animals,the muscle of pen-finished animals displayed elevated glucose metabolites(~1.6-fold),triglycerides(~2-fold),markers of oxidative stress(~1.5-fold),and proteolysis(~1.2-fold).In contrast,pasture-finished animals displayed improved mitochondrial(~1.3-fold higher levels of various Krebs cycle metabolites)and carnitine metabolism(~3-fold higher levels of long-chain acyl carnitines)(all P<0.05).Pasture-finishing also concentrated higher levels of phenolics(~2.3-fold),alpha-tocopherol(~5.8-fold),carotene(~2.0-fold),and very long-chain fatty acids(~1.3-fold)in their meat,while having lower levels of a common advanced lipoxidation(4-hydroxy-nonenal-glutathione;~2-fold)and glycation end-product(N6-carboxymethyllysine;~1.7-fold)(all P<0.05).In contrast,vitamins B5,B6,and C,gamma/beta-tocopherol,and three phenolics commonly found in alfalfa were~2.5-fold higher in pen-finished animals(all P<0.05);suggesting some concentrate feeding,or grazing plants rich in those compounds,may be beneficial.Conclusions Pasture-finishing(i.e.,grass-fed)broadly improves bison metabolic health and accumulates additional potential health-promoting compounds in their meat

关键词： Bison Grass-fed Meat nutrition Omega-3 fats Pasture-raised Phytochemicals

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Functional roles of taurine,L-theanine,Lcitrulline,and betaine during heat stress in poultry

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 967-986页

作者： Victoria Anthony Uyanga Emmanuel OOke Felix Kwame Amevor Jingpeng Zhao Xiaojuan Wang Hongchao Jiao Okanlawon MOnagbesan Hai Lin Department of Animal Science College of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease ControlShandong Agricultural UniversityNo.61 Daizong StreetTai’an 271018Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Animal Physiology Federal University of AgricultureP.M.BAbeokutaOgun State 2240Nigeria Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuanChina.

Heat stress(HS)is an important environmental stress factor affecting poultry production on a global scale.With the rise in ambient temperature and increasing effects of global warming,it becomes pertinent to understand the effects of HS on poultry production and the strategies that can be adopted to mitigate its detrimental impacts on the performance,health,welfare,immunity,and survival of birds.Amino acids(AAs)have been increasingly adopted as nutritional modifiers in animals to ameliorate the adverse effects of HS.They are essential for protein synthesis,growth,maintenance,reproduction,immunity,stress response,and whole-body homeostasis.However,HS tends to adversely affect the availability,transport,absorption,and utilization of these AAs.Studies have investigated the provision of these AAs to poultry during HS conditions,and variable findings have been reported.Taurine,L-theanine,and L-citrulline are non-essential amino acids that are increasingly gaining attention as nutritional supplements in HS animals.Similarly,betaine is an amino acid derivative that possesses favorable biological properties which contributes to its role as a functional additive during HS.Of particular note,taurine is negligible in plants,while betaine,L-theanine,and L-citrulline can be found in selected plants.These nutrients are barely found in feed ingredients,but their supply has been shown to elicit important physiological roles including anti-stress effects,anti-oxidative,anti-inflammatory,gut promoting,and immunomodulatory functions.The present review provides information on the use of these nutritionally and physiologically beneficial nutrients as functional additives to poultry diets during HS conditions.Presently,although several studies have reported on the positive effects of these additives in human and murine studies,however,there is limited information regarding their utilization during heat stress in poultry nutrition.Therefore,this review aims to expound on the functional properties of these nutrients,their potentials for

关键词： Amino acids Antioxidant Heat Stress Immunity Inflammation nutrition Performance Poultry

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Paternal transgenerational nutritional epigenetic effect:A new insight into nutritional manipulation to reduce the use of antibiotics in animal feeding

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Animal nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 142-151页

作者： Xinyi Li Mengya Wang Shimin Liu Xiaodong Chen Yu Qiao Xiaojun Yang Junhu Yao Shengru Wu College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Institute of Agriculture University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia Department of Medicine Karolinska InstitutetSolnaStockholm 17165Sweden Department of Animal Engineering Yangling Vocational and Technical CollegeYanglingShaanxi 712100China

The use of antibiotics in animal feeding has been banned in many countries because of increasing concerns about the development of bacterial resistance to antibiotics and potential issues on food safety.Searching for antibiotic substitutes is essential.Applying transgenerational epigenetic technology to animal production could be an alternative.Some environmental changes can be transferred to memorylike responses in the offspring through epigenetic mechanisms without changing the DNA sequence.In this paper,we reviewed those nutrients and non-nutritional additives that have transgenerational epigenetic effects,including some amino acids,vitamins,and polysaccharides.The paternal transgenerational nutritional epigenetic regulation was particularly focused on mechanism of the substantial contribution of male stud animals to the animal industries.We illustrated the effects of paternal transgenerational epigenetics on the metabolism and immunity in farming animals and proposed strategies to modulate male breeding livestock or poultry.

关键词： Growth nutrition Immune Transgenerational epigenetic Antibiotic replacement

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8th Asian Congress of nutrition（Aug．29-Sept．2，1999）

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营养学报 1999年第2期 32+36+46+55+60-32+36+46+55+60页

ＰｌｅｎａｒｙＬｅｃｔｕｒｅｓＦａｔｙａｃｉｄｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆｇｅｎｅｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎａｎｄｉｔｓｒｏｌｅｉｎｆｕｅｌｐａｒｔｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇＳｔｅｖｅｎＤ．Ｃｌａｒｋｅ（Ｕｎｉｖ．Ｔｅｘａｓ，ＵＳＡ）Ｆ... 详细信息

ＰｌｅｎａｒｙＬｅｃｔｕｒｅｓＦａｔｙａｃｉｄｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆｇｅｎｅｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎａｎｄｉｔｓｒｏｌｅｉｎｆｕｅｌｐａｒｔｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇＳｔｅｖｅｎＤ．Ｃｌａｒｋｅ（Ｕｎｉｖ．Ｔｅｘａｓ，ＵＳＡ）ＦｏｏｄＦｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌｉｔｙ：...

关键词： nutrition Sept Congress Asian Aug

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Preoperative nutrition and postoperative liver function:a correlation study of pediatric living donor liver transplantation

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Frontiers of Nursing 2018年第2期5卷 157-164页

作者： Ye-Feng Lu Yan Wang Ming-Zhu Huang Xue-Fei Ren Lei-Qing Gao Dan Li Yan-Fen Li Yan Yang Division of Hepatic Surgery Renji Hospital School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University Division of No.1 Surgery Hunan Children's Hospital Division of Day Surgery Renji Hospital School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University Nursing Department Renji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Objective： There is little information focusing on the nutritional issue of pediatric recipients before they receive living donor liver transplantation. This study illustrates the relationship between nutritional status and graft liver function and provides a reference regarding nutritional interventions in future studies.Methods： We prospectively collected data from 30 pediatric living donor liver transplant recipients from January 1, 2016, to June 30, 2016. The information included demographic data, preoperative nutritional assessment, and postoperative laboratory examinations. The nutritional assessment included the serum concentration of vitamin D, bone density, trace element, and weight Z value. The laboratory examinations included white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, hemoglobin, blood platelet, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, creatinine, bile acid, blood glucose （Glu）, prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, tacrolimus concentration, and graft-to-recipient weight ratio （GRWR）. The data were collected on Days 1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ,7 ,1 4 ,3 0 , and 60 after liver transplantation. Results： The recipients consisted of 15 （50%） males and 15 （50%） females. K median age was 7 months （4-48 months）. The mean height and weight were 69.07±9.98 cm and 8.09±2.63 kg, respectively. According to the univariate analysis, the gender, diagnosis, blood type, and GRWR did not significantly impact the liver function after the operation. The posttransplantation AST levels and Glu showed significant differences in terms of the nutritional status, with P〈0.05. The multivariate correlation analysis showed that the serum concentrations of vitamin D and AST were midrange positively correlated, with P〈0.05.Conclusions： The nutritional status of patients with biliary atresia is relatively poor. There is a definite midrange positive

关键词： pediatric liver transplantation nutrition correlation

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Effects of nutrition spatial heterogeneity on root traits and carbon usage by roots of Cercis chinensis seedlings in split root rooms

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Forestry Studies in China 2008年第4期10卷 220-228页

作者： GAN Cai-xia WU Chu School of Horticulture and Gardening Yangtze University Jingzhou 434025 P. R. China Institute of Vegetables Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430093 P. R. China

In natural ecosystems, nutrition available for plants shows great spatial heterogeneity. Much is known about plant root responses to the spatial heterogeneity of nutrition, but little is known about carbon usage in roots in nutrition-deficient patches and its effect on root longevity. In this study, split-room boxes were used for culture of Cercis chinensis seedlings, and the small rooms were supplied with different nutrition levels. The number of the first-order roots in the rooms with nutrition supply was significantly higher than that in the rooms with deficient nutrition. Specific root length （SRL） of the first-order roots in the rooms with deficient nutrition reached its peak at day 64 after nutrition treatment. There was no significant SRL differences between the two order roots during the experiment. Biomass of the first-order roots in the rooms without nutrition supply was significantly less than that of the first-order roots in the rooms with nutrition supply from day 64 to 96. The total biomass of the lateral roots in the rooms without nutrition supply decreased from day 64 to 96. The activities of the enzymes in roots in the rooms without nutrition supply increased and the activities of alkaline invertases in roots in the two sides of split box did not change significantly. The activities of the enzymes in roots in the rooms without nutrition supply increased gradually. These results suggest that nutrition spatial heterogeneity induced the changes in root traits and plants actively controlled carbon usage in roots in nutrition-deficient patches by regulating the activities of invertases and sucrose synthases, resulting in the reduction in carbon usage in the roots in nutrition-deficient patches.

关键词： nutrition spatial heterogeneity root trait carbon usage Cercis chinensis

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