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Sugarcane bagasse amendment mitigates nutrient leaching from a mineral soil under tropical conditions

Pedosphere 2022年第6期32卷 876-883页

作者： Nan XU Jehangir H.BHADHA Abul RABBANY Stewart SWANSON James MMCCRAY Yuncong LI Sarah LSTRAUSS Rao MYLAVARAPU Horticultural Sciences Department University of FloridaGainesville FL 32611(USA) Everglades Research and Education Center University of FloridaBelle Glade FL 33430(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesville FL 32611(USA) Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences(IFAS)Extension University of FloridaLaBelle FL 33935(USA) Agronomy Department University of FloridaBelle Glade FL 33430(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaHomestead FL 33031(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaImmokalee FL 34142(USA)

Large quantities of organic by-products are generated by the sugarcane industry during sugar extraction *** by-products may be used as soil amendments to improve soil quality,as nutrient leaching is common in mineral soils of Florida in USA due to their sandy texture and frequent rain events.A soil column study was designed to evaluate the effects of bagasse application at 85 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse,170 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse,and 170 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse+nitrogen(N)on the leaching potential of carbon(C),N,phosphorus(P),and potassium(K).Bagasse was incorporated within the topsoil(0-15 cm)in outdoor soil columns exposed to natural conditions,with periodical irrigation during the *** approximately 57 weeks,the distributions of C,N,P,and K were evaluated at three soil depths(i.e.,0-15,15-30,and 30-53 cm)within the soil *** organic C(TOC),N,and P in leachates decreased significantly from the soils amended with bagasse compared with the control with no bagasse and no *** on K content changes in the columns,bagasse could also be utilized as a potential source of K for ***,application of bagasse as a soil amendment might be an effective way to sustainably reutilize organic by-products while reducing concerns regarding major nutrients entering groundwater *** results of this study could assist in developing nutrient management plans of using sugarcane bagasse as a potential soil amendment in mineral soils.

关键词： nutrient leaching potential nutrient loss pore volume sandy soil soil amendment soil column sugarcane by-product

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Source-sink landscape spatial characteristics and effect on non-point source pollution in a small catchment of the Three Gorge Reservoir Region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第2期15卷 327-339页

作者： WANG Jin-liang NI Jiu-pai CHEN Cheng-long XIE De-ti SHAO Jing-an CHEN Fang-xin LEI Ping School of Resources and Environment Southwest University School of Geography and Tourism Chongqing Normal University

The source and sink landscape patterns refer to landscape types or units that can either promote positive evolvement of non-point source(NPS) pollution process, or can prevent/defer the ecological process, respectively. Therefore, the role of a catchment landscape pattern in nutrient losses can be identified based on the spatial arrangement of source and sink landscapes. To reveal the relations between landscape spatial characteristics and NPS pollution in small catchment, a case study was carried out in a Wangjiagou small catchment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region(TGRR), China. Google earth imagery for 2015 were processed and used to differentiate source and sink landscape types, and six subcatchments were selected as sample regions for monitoring nitrogen and phosphorus *** elevation, slope gradient and relative flow length was used to construct the Lorenz curves of different source and sink landscape types in the catchment, in order to assess the source and sink landscape spatial characteristics. By calculating the location-weighted landscape indices of each subcatchment and total catchment, the landscape spatial load characteristics affecting the NPS pollution was identified, with a further Pearson correlation analysis for location-weighted landscape indices and nitrogen-phosphorus monitoring indicators. The analysis of Lorenz curve has revealed that the obtained distribution trend of Lorenz curve and curve area quantified well the spatial characteristics of source and sink landscape pattern related to the relative elevation, slope gradient and relative flow length in small catchment. Results of Pearson correction analysis indicated that location-weighted landscape index(LWLI) combining of terrain and landscape type factor did better in reflecting the status of nitrogen and phosphorus loss than the indices related to relative elevation, slope gradient and relative flow length.

关键词： Source-sink landscape Non-point sourcepollution nutrient loss Lorenz curve Landscapeindex Small catchment

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Phosphorus loss from Dry Sloping Lands of Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

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Pedosphere 2013年第3期23卷 385-394页

作者： HU Zheng-Feng GAO Ming XIE De-Ti WANG Zi-Fang College of Resources & Environment Southwest University Chongqing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau

Eutrophication in the Three Gorges Reservoir has become a serious issue, and phosphorus (P) is the nutrient thought to be primarily responsible although there are few studies about P loss from the mostly sloping farmlands of the area. This work investigated the amounts and forms of P loss from 9 farmlands with the slopes of 4°, 9°, and 17° in a small watershed, Wangjiagou in Fuling District, Chongqing of China. The slope of the relationship between runoff and rainfall increased with field slope; i.e., there was a significant interaction between the effects of rainfall and field slope on water export. For sediment export by surface runoff, there was no interaction between field slope and rainfall, and the intercept of the relationship between rainfall and sediment loss was significantly different for the 3 slopes. The main P loss was from sediments, regardless of slope. In the runoff water, particulate P was the largest P fraction, and its loss was greatest from the steepest land and least from the flattest. The release of total P and available P from sediments followed the same trend. The P loss during May to July in Wangjiagou was more than 60% of the annual total.

关键词： agricultural production area erosion nutrient loss purple soil soil loss

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Soil and onsite nutrient conservation potential of aromatic grasses at field scale under a shifting cultivated,degraded catchment in Eastern Ghats,India

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2018年第3期33卷 340-350页

作者： Partha Pratim Adhikary Hunsur Chikkanarasimhaiah Hombegowda Dhananjay Barman Madegowda Madhu ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Research Centre ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres

Land degradation due to soil erosion is a global problem, especially on cultivated hill slopes. Economically important aromatic grasses can protect degraded hill slopes more effectively than field crops, but little information is available on their performance. This study quantifies runoff, sediment yield,enrichment ratios of soil and nutrients, and sediment-associated organic carbon and nutrients losses under three aromatic grass species: citronella(Cymbopogon nardus), lemon(Cymbopogon flexuosus), and palmarosa(Cymbopogon martini), compared with a traditional field crop, finger millet(Eleusine coracana)grown at three land slopes(4%, 8%, and 12%). It was observed that the degree of slope and type of grass both significantly influenced runoff generation. Runoff and sediment yield(SY) were significantly higher at 12% slope than at 8% and 4% slopes. Relation between rainfall and runoff were significant for all the grass species(p nutrient load varied inversely with SY mainly because of the nutrient dissolution effect of high runoff volume. Annual loss of SOC and nutrients varied from 84.7-156.8 kg ha-1y-1for SOC, 4.38-9.18 kg ha-1y-1for available N, 0.35-0.75 kg ha-1y-1for available P, and 2.22-5.22 kg ha-1y-1for available K, with the lowest values for citronella and highest for finger millet. The study found that the aromatic grasses have greater environmental conservation values than finger millet on steep degrade

关键词： Aromatic grass Enrichment ratio nutrient loss Runoff Sediment yield

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Strategies to reduce nutrient pollution from manure management in China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 45-55页

作者： David R.CHADWICK John R.WILLIAMS Yuelai LU Lin MA Zhaohai BAI Yong HOU Xinping CHEN Thomas H.MISSELBROOK School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangorLL572UWUK Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China ADAS RSK BoxworthCambridgeCB234NNUK University of East Anglia NorwichNR47TJUK Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil EcologyCenter for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetic and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Rothamsted Research NorthWykeDevonEX202LBUK

As the demand for livestock products continues to increase in China,so too does the challenge of managing increasing quantities of *** action is needed to control point source(housing,storage and processing)and diffuse(field application)pollution and improve the utilization of manure nutrients and organic ***,we review strategies to improve management at each stage of the manure management chain and at different *** strategies require infrastructure investment,e.g.,for containment of all manure *** solutions are needed to develop advanced composting systems with lower environmental footprints and design more efficient nutrient stripping *** the field-scale,there is an urgent need to develop a manure nutrient recommendation system that accounts for the range of manure types,cropping systems,soils and climates throughout *** the regional scale,coordinated planning is necessary to promote recoupling of livestock and cropping systems,and reduce nutrient accumulation in regions with little available landbank,while minimizing the risk of pollution swapping from one region to another.A range of stakeholders are needed to support the step change and innovation required to improve manure management,reduce reliance on inorganic fertilizers,and generate new business opportunities.

关键词： cropping farms livestock production manure management chain recoupling nutrient loss

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Variation of nutrient Value in Selected Composted Farm Wastes

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2022年第4期11卷 258-276页

作者： Kamoga Gerald Ssekyewa Charles Faculty of Agriculture Uganda Martyrs University Kampala Uganda St. Lawrence University Kampala Uganda

Smallholder farming is promoted for its environmental friendliness, assurance of food security sovereignty and conservation of indigenous knowledge. However, in actual practice, Smallholder farmers recycle farm plant waste to improve soil fertility. By so doing, they contribute to environmental pollution, emissions, and global warming. This situation is a Smallholder farmers’ challenge worldwide. One of these challenges is the inability to find cheaper sources of plant nutrients. These sources of nutrients are associated with environmental pollution, such as the release of Methane. This study focused on farm wastes (bean trash, maize trash, banana trash, cattle slurry, goat slurry, and pig slurry) commonly produced by smallholder farmers in two farming systems of Masaka and Lyantonde Districts to explore the effects of composting and surface decomposition on nutrients contained in farm wastes by specifically: estimating baseline nutrient contents in farm wastes before disposal, determining the variation of nutrients of farm wastes managed by composting and surface decomposition and the potential source of major nutrients among selected farm wastes. Through carbon analysis, Calorimetric determination of Nitrogen and Phosphorus analysis using a block digester and UV-Visible spectrometer, Carbon, Nitrogen, Potassium and Phosphorus were determined from bean trash, maize trash, banana trash, cattle slurry, goat slurry, and pig slurry. Results revealed that goat slurry, chicken waste, maize trash and pig slurry contained more and retained more P, K, C and N, respectively, as compared to other farm wastes. Significant volumes of N and P were retained in composted materials as compared to those managed by surface decomposition.

关键词： Farm Waste Plant nutrients Smallholder Farmers Composting nutrient loss Farming Systems

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Impact of Different Contour Hedgerows on Runoff,nutrient and Soil on Sloping Farmland in Danjiangkou Reservoir Region of China

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Asian Agricultural Research 2021年第1期13卷 58-63页

作者： Zefang LU Qinghua CHEN Tao JIN College of Horticulture and Gardening Yangtze university Jingzhou 434025 China Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland Ministry of Education Yangtze University Jingzhou 434025 China

Soil and water loss has been a major environmental problem in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Region.A study of 14°sloping farmland was performed on impact of different contour hedgerows on runoff,losses of soil and nutrients during 2008 and 2011,with five treatments and three *** winter wheat and summer maize were used as the test *** consisted of four hedgerows:Amorpha(Amorpha fruticosa L.),Honeysuckle(Lonicera japonica Thunb.),Day-lily flower(Hemerocallis citrina Baroni.),and Sabaigrass(Eulaliopsis binata),and a control without *** showed that the runoff under the control treatment was much higher than that of *** could reduce the runoff by 35.2%compared with the *** losses in four hedgerows showed significant reduction in four years(e.g.,Amorpha:78.3%;Honeysuckle:77.1%).nutrient losses in winter were much higher than that in summer,especially total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium,even though there was an abundant precipitation in *** greatly affected the soil and nutrient losses on slopping farmland compared with the control treatment,especially Amorpha *** present study found that the Amorpha could be used as the hedgerow species for reducing soil and water loss in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Region.

关键词： Contour hedgerow Soil and water loss nutrient loss Sloping farmland Danjiangkou Reservoir Region

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江淮丘陵区水土保持措施对坡耕地土壤侵蚀和养分流失的影响研究

江淮丘陵区水土保持措施对坡耕地土壤侵蚀和养分流失的影响研究

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作者： Purevjav Nyambayar 安徽农业大学

学位级别：硕士

Soil and water conservation(SWC)practices have been long-time recognized as a tackle to soil erosion,and maintain sustainable agriculture on sloping ***-point source pollution has become one of the key concerns in the polluted environment of river basins in ***,most of the studies focused on the individual character of soil erosion or nutrient losses in short slope *** study expected to investigate soil and nutrient loss by eroded sediment and runoff flux,and an effect of these practices to crop yield in the long slope plots.A total of 12 plots were included in this study that was assigned to four treatments(20m x 4m,gradient 15°):Control(C),contour farming(CF),Contour farming with mulch(CM),and Contour farming with hedgerow(CH).The runoff volume and sediment yield,their concentration,rainfall were monitored by a period of the rainy season in *** the experimental test,25 rainfall ranged from 0.4 to 85.82 mm with fell 255.02 mm of *** main factor in soil erosion and nutrient losses are directly related to precipitation and its *** analysis shows that for all treatments,there were highly significant and positive correlation between rainfall and runoff(r2=0.95-0.97,Ploss(r2=0.98-0.99,Ploss ranged between 63.42 and 472.06 m3/ha,with an average was 272.32 m3/*** results exposed that the amount of nutrient and sediment loss in the runoff plots,compared to the control treatment was much *** result of contrast tests in ANOVA(t=24.70 d.f.=8,Plosses in the CH and CM fields were performed excellently to preventing runoff loss,followed by CF treatment,compared with the C *** contrast,the sum of runoff loss in each treatment decreased by a minimum of 17.05%,86.56%,and 65.62%,*** seasonal soil loss range of C was 369.79-3668.02 kg/ha,with an average 1724.98 kg/*** C treatment soil

关键词： soil erosion runoff nutrient loss sediment loss nutrient concentration

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