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Effects of nano carbon on soil erosion and nutrient loss in a semi-arid loess region of Northwestern China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第1期11卷 138-145页

作者： Beibei Zhou Xiaopeng Chen Quanjiu Wang Wei Wei Tiancheng Zhang State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China(Xi’an University of Technology) Xi’an 710048ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationChinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100ShaanxiChina School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China Civil Engineering Department University of Nebraska-Lincoln at Omaha CampusOmahaNE 68182-0178USA

Since 2005,the application of nano carbon(NC)in agriculture and environmental remediation has received considerable attention with most of the research focusing on plant growth and heavy metal ***,little is known about the potential effects of NC on soil erosion and nutrient *** this study,rainfall simulation tests were conducted on a soil plot(1 m×1 m,located in a semi-arid loess region of northwestern China),in which a mixture(5-cm below the soil surface)of NC(0,0.1%,0.5%,0.7% and 1.0% on a mass base)and sandy soil(same as the one in the plot)was embedded as three bands(5 cm wide,1 m long and 5 cm thick)at the three positions(top,middle and bottom of the plot),*** the rainfall simulation test,a mixed solution of potassium bromide(1.0 mol/L KBr),potassium nitrate(1.0 mol/L KNO_(3)),monopotassium phosphate(1.0 mol/L KH_(2)PQ_(4))was sprayed on the soil *** showed that the sandy soil on the Loess Plateau with 0.7%NC addition(36.47 kg/hm^(2) on a mass basis)could improve soil water runoff,sediment yield,and nutrient loss in the semi-arid loess region of northwestern China,in addition to preventing soil water from deep ***,NC may have a great potential in soil erosion control on the Loess Plateau of China.

关键词： nano carbon soil erosion rainfall simulation tests runoff sediment nutrient loss semi-arid loess region

Effects of tillage practices on nutrient loss and soybean growth in red-soil slope farmland

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2013年第3期1卷 49-55页

作者： Yang Jie Zheng Haijin Chen Xiaoan Shen Le Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and PreventionNanchangChina

Field experiments were conducted to examine the effect of tillage practices on sediment and nutrient loss and soybean growth under natural rainfall *** tillage practices were applied:downslope ridge(check),downslope ridge+contour living hedgerow,and cross *** ridge tillage reduced surface runoff by 69%and sediment yield by 86%,compared to the check *** downslope ridge with a contour living hedgerow reduced surface runoff by 24%and sediment yield by 53%.Additionally,compared to the check plot,nutrient losses carried by runoff were reduced by over 68%and that carried in the sediment was reduced more than 85%in the cross ridge *** losses in runoff were reduced by 20%to 30%in the downslope ridge and contour living hedgerow plot and those carried in the sediment were reduced by 44%to 57%.Cross ridge tillage soybean yields exceeded those of the downslope ridge and downslope ridge+contour living hedgerow treatments by 16%-18%.Cross ridge tillage could contribute to the prevention sediment and nutrient loss and could improve crop yield,and thus it is recommended to be applied to mild slopes in the red soil region.

关键词： Red soil Slope farmland Tillage practices nutrient loss Crop growth

nutrient loss from Various Land-Use Areas in Shixia Small Watershed of Miyun County, Beijing, China

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Nutrient Loss from Various Land-Use Areas in Shixia Small Wa...

Impact of soil texture and sweetpotato cropping system on soil erosion and nutrient loss in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of the Changjiang River

作者：王晓燕王晓峰王振刚汪青平蔡新广 College of Resource Environment ＆ TourismCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100037China College of Resource Environment ＆ TourismCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100037China College of Resource Environment ＆ TourismCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100037China College of Resource Environment ＆ TourismCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100037China Soil/Water Conservation Station of Miyun County Beijing 101500China

＜正＞ In the Shixia small watershed, twenty experimental plots and two monitoring channels , the residential area and livestock areas were used to monitor the flow, runoff and erosion. Nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations associated with various land uses were analyzed at the same time. The results are presented as follows: （1） TP, TN and COD concentrations of runoff samples in the residential area and livestock areas are nearly 10 times those in other land-use areas. High nutrient loads are associated with village land use, which is due to unsuitable livestock rising. These areas should be treated as the critical areas of non-point source pollution.（2） Different land-use influences intensity the loss of nutrients, especially slope tillings in agricultural land. The amount of nutrient loss from agricultural land per unit is highest, that from forestry is intermediate and that from pastures is lowest. However, in consideration of the variability of land-use areas, agricultural land contributes the greatest to TP and forestry land to TN.（3） The concentrations of TN and TP in sediments from gangues are highest, those in forestry land are intermediate, and those in agricultural land are lowest. nutrient loss from hilly areas is much greater than from mountainous areas.

关键词： land-use type nutrient loss Miyun Reservoir, Beijing

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Journal of Life Sciences 2009年第5期3卷 30-35页

作者： LENG Jin-chuan FU Yu-fan YANG Chun-xian LIANG Yuan-yuan KONG Ling-ming LUO Yong DUAN Ji-wen LI Bao-chun ZHANG Qi-tang Key Laboratory on Ecology and Environment Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Ministry of Education/Sweetpotato Research Center of Chongqing College of Life Sciences Southwestern University Chongqing 400715 China Agriculture Extension Center of Yubei District of Chongqing Chongqing 401120 China Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center University of Kentucky KY 40546-0236 Lexington

This study investigated the impact of soil texture and sweetpotato cropping system on soil erosion and nutrient loss in the drought infield of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Changjiang River under field conditions. A factorial experiment was conducted in the study using five soil textures and two cropping systems. The lost soil during the crop season was recovered by a soil-blocking device and the dry weights for the total lost soil and its nutrient components, such as ammonium nitrogen, effective phosphorus, K^＋ and organic matter were analyzed. We found that soil texture significantly affected the dry weights of the total lost soil, effective phosphorus, K^＋, and organic matter, while sweetpotato cropping systems and interaction between soil texture and sweetpotato cropping system affected the dry weights of the total lost soil, the effective phosphorus and organic matter. Among the five soil textures tested, Da and Huang caused significantly less soil erosion and nutrient loss compared with the other three soil textures; intercropping sweetpotato with corn significantly reduced soil erosion and nutrient loss.

关键词： Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Changiiang River soil texture cropping systems: sweetpotato drought infield soil erosion nutrient loss

Runoff and nutrient losses in alfalfa(Medicago sativa L)production with tied-ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting on sloping land

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第2期10卷 308-323页

作者： Qi Wang Fuchun Li Xiaole Zhao Wucheng Zhao Dengkui Zhang Xujiao Zhou David JSample Xiaoyun Wang Qinglin Liu Xiaoling Li Guang Li Heling Wang Kai Zhang Jin Chen College of Grassland Science Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou730070China Tongwei County Agricultural Technology Extension Center Dingxi743300China Department of Biological Systems Engineering Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension CenterVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State Univ.Virginia BeachVAUSA Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou730070China College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou730070China College of Forestry Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou730070China Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province Key Open Laboratory of Arid Change and Disaster Reduction of CMAInstitute of Arid MeteorologyChina Meteorological AdministrationLanzhou730020China Dingxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Dingxi743000China

Ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting(RFRH)is known to be effective in controlling water loss and soil erosion,and increasing soil moisture and crop yield in semiarid ***,it can cause water-logging,ridge overtopping,and harvest failure if not properly designed.A four consecutive-year field trial was carried out to assess the impacts of various slope gradients and tillage practices on soil moisture,runoff,sediment yield,associated soil nutrient losses,fodder yield,and water use efficiency(WUE)of alfalfa in the Loess Plateau,*** trial adopted a split-plot design,taking slope gradient(5and 10)as main plot treatment and tillage practice(traditional tillage,open-ridging,and tied-ridging)as split-plot treatment,from 2015 to *** were greater variations in runoff,sediment yield,and associ-ated soil nutrient losses than in fodder yield and ***-ridging and open-ridging resulted in decreased runoff and reduced sediment transport and associated soil nutrient losses,and increased soil moisture,fodder yield,and ***,sediment transport,and associated soil nutrient losses inclined with increasing slope;while fodder yield and the WUE *** slopes of 5and 10,the average decrease in runoff,sediment yield,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and organic matter losses for open-ridging were 47.7e56.2%,91.0e92.7%,90.4e93.1%,90.1e92.2%,and 88.9e90.2%,respectively,while these for tied-ridging were 62.4e68.4%,94.5e96.4%,93.6e95.5%,93.9e95.9%,and 93.0e94.9%,over 4 years as compared with traditional *** mean annual runoff,sediment,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and organic matter losses for slopes of 10were 1.31,1.96,1.87,1.99,and 1.64 times greater than the corresponding values for slopes of 5,*** increase of fodder yield and WUE for open-ridging and tied-ridging was 40.1e45.6%and 16.0e17.5%,and 3.66e5.99 and 1.35e2.50 kg ha^(-1)mm^(-1),respectively,for slopes of 5and 10.The average fodder yield and WUE for slopes of 5were 1.19

关键词： Runoff Sediment nutrient loss Alfalfa fodder yield

Recent advances in the chemistry of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium as fertilizers in soil:A review

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Pedosphere 2023年第3期33卷 385-406页

作者： Sharhabil Musa YAHAYA Aliyu Ahmad MAHMUD Mustapha ABDULLAHI Abdurrashid HARUNA Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture/Institute for Agricultural ResearchAhmadu Bello UniversityPrivate Mail Bag(P.M.B.)1044Zaria 810107(Nigeria) Faculty of Agriculture Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine“King Michael I of Romania”from TimisoaraTimisoara 300645(Romania) Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Science Mewar UniversityChittorgarhGangrar 312901(India) Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry Faculty of SciencesKaduna State UniversityTafawa Balewa WayP.M.B.2339Kaduna 741102(Nigeria) Department of Chemistry Faculty of Physical SciencesAhmadu Bello UniversityP.M.B.1044Zaria 810107(Nigeria) Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi PetronasPerak Darul RidzuanSeri Iskandar 32610(Malaysia)

The advent of civilization has made humans dependent on plants for food and medicine,leading to the intensification of agricultural *** intense cultivation of crops has resulted in the depletion of available nutrients from soil,thereby demanding the application of excess nutrients to soil to improve ***,mineral fertilizer discovery and application have,in many ways,contributed greatly to meeting global food ***,aside from the positive effects of mineral fertilizers,their excessive application to soil produces large amounts of pollutants that affect environmental *** necessitates the study of the major mineral fertilizer elements(nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)),the forms in which they are applied to soil,and their chemistry/reactions in ***,we reviewed the forms of different N,P,and K mineral fertilizers to provide current knowledge on their constituents,the chemistry of N,P,and K in soil to understand the reactions they undertake in soil,the efficient methods of fertilizer application for environmental sustainability,the effects of mineral fertilizer loss to the environment,and improved fertilization technologies for environmental *** are a promising technology for sustainable agricultural production and are discussed in detail in this review.

关键词： biofertilizer environmental sustainability fertilizer application method fertilizer form mineral fertilizer nanofertilizer nutrient loss nutrient use efficiency

Development of a New Index for Integrating Landscape Patterns with Ecological Processes at Watershed Scale

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Chinese Geographical Science 2009年第1期19卷 37-45页

作者： CHEN Liding TIAN Huiying FU Bojie ZHAO Xinfeng State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Understanding the relationship between landscape pattems and ecological processes has been a central yet challenging research theme in landscape ecology. Over the past decades, many landscape metrics have been proposed but few directly incorporated ecological processes. In this paper, we developed a landscape index, namely, location-weighted landscape index （LWLI） to highlight the role of landscape type in ecological processes, such as nutrient losses and soil erosion. Within the framework of the Lorenz curve theory, we develop this index by integrating land- scape pattern and point-based measurements at a watershed scale. The index can be used to characterize the contribution of landscape pattern to ecological processes （e.g. nutrient losses） with respect to a specific monitoring point in a watershed. Through a case study on nutrient losses in an agricultural area in northeastern China, we found that nutrient losses tended to be higher for a watershed with a higher LWLI value, and vice versa. It implied that LWLI can be used to evaluate the potential risk of nutrient losses or soil erosion by comparing their values across watersheds. In addition, this index can be extended to characterize ecological processes, such as the effect of landscape pattern on wildlife inhabitation and urban heat island effect. Finally, we discuss several problems that should be paid attention to when applying this index to a heterogeneous landscape site.

关键词： landscape pattern location-weighted landscape index (LWLI) Lorenz curve theory nutrient loss surface water quality

Effect of Land Use on Soil Erosion and nutrients in Dianchi Lake Watershed, China

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 103-111页

作者： NIU Xiao-Yin WANG Yan-Hua YANG Hao ZHENG Jia-Wen ZOU Jun XU Mei-Na WU Shan-Shan XIE Biao College of Geography Sciences Nanjing Normal University College of Resource and Environmental Engineering Shandong University of Technology

Soil erosion and loss of soil nutrients have been a crucial environment threat in Southwest China. The land use and its impact on soil qualities continue to be highlighted. The present study was conducted to compare soil erosion under four land use types(i.e.,forestland, abandoned farmland, tillage, and grassland) and their effects on soil organic carbon(SOC), total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) in the Shuanglong catchment of the Dianchi Lake watershed, China. There were large variations in the erosion rate and the nutrient distributions across the four land use types. The erosion rates estimated by137 Cs averaged 2 133 t km-2year-1under tillage and abandoned farmland over the erosion rate of non-cultivated sites, and the grasslands showed a net deposition. For all sites, the nutrient contents basically decreased with the soil depth. Compared with tillage and abandoned farmland, grassland had the highest SOC and TN contents within 0–40 cm soil layer, followed by forestland. The significant correlations between137 Cs, SOC and TN were observed. The nutrient loss caused by erosion in tillage was the highest. These results suggested that grassland and forestland would be beneficial for SOC and TN sequestration over a long-term period because of their ability to reduce the loss of nutrients by soil erosion. Our study demonstrated that reduction of nutrient loss in the red soil area could be made through well-managed vegetation restoration measures.

关键词： 137Cs nutrient loss soil organic carbon total nitrogen total phosphorus vegetation restoration

Effects of riparian vegetation patterns on the distribution and potential loss of soil nutrients： a case study of the Wenyu River in Beijing

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第2期9卷 279-287页

作者： Erhui GUO Liding CHEN Ranhao SUN Zhaoming WANG State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

A riparian ecosystem is an ecological transition zone between a river channel and terrestrial ecosystems. Riparian ecosystems play a vital role in maintaining stream health and bank stabilization. The types of riparian vegetation have changed greatly because of human activities along the Wenyu River. This study examines the impact of riparian vegetation patterns on water pollution due to soil nutrient loss. Four riparian vegetation patterns from the river channel to the upland were chosen as the focus of this study： grassland, cropland, grassland- cropland, and grassland-manrnade lawn. The different distributions of soil nutrients along vegetation patterns and the potential risk of nutrient loss were observed and compared. The results showed that riparian cropland has the lowest value of total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, available nitrogen （AN）, available phosphorus （AP）, and organic matter （OM）, but it has the highest soil bulk density （BD）. The distributions of soil TN, TP, AN, AP, and OM exhibited a declining trend from the upland toward the river channel for riparian cropland, whereas a different trend was observed for the riparian grassland. The vegetation patterns of grassland-cropland and grassland- manmade lawn show that the grassland in the lower slope has more nutrients and OM but lower soil BD than the cropland or manmade lawn in the upper slope. So, the lower-slope grassland may intercept and infiltrate surface runoff from the upland. The lower-slope grassland has higher levels of soil TN, TP, AN, and AP, and thus it may become a new source of nutrient loss. Our results suggest that the management of the riparian vegetation should be improved, particularly in densely populated areas, to control soil erosion and river pollution.

关键词： riparian vegetation pattems soil nutrientdistribution nutrient loss management