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Lithiophilicity: The key to efficient lithium metal anodes for lithium batteries

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第2期77卷 123-136,I0004页

作者： Yahao Li Yue Li Lulu Zhang Huachao Tao Qingyu Li Jiujun Zhang Xuelin Yang Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for New Energy Microgrid College of Electrical Engineering&New EnergyChina Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002HubeiChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical ScienceGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004GuangxiChina College of Materials Sciences and Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108FujianChina Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1W5Canada

Lithium metal anode of lithium batteries,including lithium-ion batteries,has been considered the anode for next-generation batteries with desired high energy densities due to its high theoretical specific capacity(3860 mA h g^(-1))and low standards electrode potential(-3.04 V vs.SHE).However,the highly reactive nature of metallic lithium and its direct contact with the electrolyte could lead to severe chemical reactions,leading to the continuous consumption of the electrolyte and a reduction in the cycle life and Coulombic efficiency.In addition,the solid electrolyte interface formed during battery cycling is mainly inorganic,which is too fragile to withstand the extreme volume change during the plating and stripping of lithium.The uneven flux of lithium ions could lead to excessive lithium deposition at local points,resulting in needle-like lithium dendrites,which could pierce the separator and cause short circuits,battery failure,and safety issues.In the last five years,tremendous efforts have been dedicated to addressing these issues,and the most successful improvements have been related to lithiophilicity optimizations.Thus,this paper comprehensively reviewed the lithiophilicity regulation in lithium metal anode modifications and highlighted the vital effect of lithiophilicity.The remaining challenges faced by the lithiophilicity optimization for lithium metal anodes are discussed with the proposed research directions for overcoming the technical challenges in this subject.

关键词： Lithium metal anode Lithiophilicity optimization Host Artificial SEI nucleation sites Dendrite growth

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Bio-inspired low-tortuosity carbon host for high-performance lithium-metal anode

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National Science Review 2019年第2期6卷 247-256页

作者： Yi-Chen Yin Zhi-Long Yu Zhi-Yuan Ma Tian-Wen Zhang Yu-Yang Lu Tao Ma Fei Zhou Hong-Bin Yao Shu-Hong Yu Department of Chemistry CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Hefei Science Center of CAS University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Modern MechanicsUniversity of Science and Technology of China

Lithium metal is one of the most promising anode materials for high-energy-density Li batteries. However,low stability caused by dendrite growth and volume change during cycling hinders its practical application.Herein, we report an ingenious design of bio-inspired low-tortuosity carbon with tunable vertical micro-channels to be used as a host to incorporate nanosized Sn/Ni alloy nucleation sites, which can guide Li metal’s plating/stripping and meanwhile accommodate the volume change. The pore sizes of the vertical channels of the carbon host can be regulated to investigate the structure–performance correlation. After compositing Li, the bio-inspired carbon host with the smallest pore size（～14 μm） of vertical channels exhibits the lowest overpotential(～18 mV at 1 mA cm;), most stable tripping/plating voltage profiles,and best cycling stability（up to 500 cycles） in symmetrical cells. Notably, the carbon/Li composite anode is more rewarding than Li foil when coupled with LiFePO;in full cells, exhibiting a much lower polarization effect, better rate capability and higher capacity retention（90.6% after 120 cycles）. This novel bio-inspired design of a low-tortuosity carbon host with nanoalloy coatings may open a new avenue for fabricating advanced Li-metal batteries with high performance.

关键词： bio-inspiration low-tortuosity carbon host lithium metal micro-channels nucleation sites

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Intermediates transformation for efficient perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第1期30卷 102-114,I0004页

作者： Zhizai Li Yi Sun Huanhuan Yao Jing Zhao Qian Wang Liming Ding Zhiwen Jin School of Physical Science and Technology&Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MoE&Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design MoE&National&Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Optical Conversion Malerials and TechnologyLanzhou UniversiyLanzhou 730000 GansuChina School of Physics Changhi UnversityChornghi 830100 Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Center for Excllence in Nanoscience(CAS) Key Laboratony of Nonosystem anp Hierarchical Fabrication(CAS)Nationol Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China

Perovskite materials have made a great progress in terms of the power conversion efficiency(PCE), rising from 3.8% to 25.2%. To obtain pinhole-free, superior crystal, and high-quality perovskite films with less defect, intermediates transformation is important, which has been clearly studied and widely applied.In this review, we systematically summarize the commonly formed intermediates and detailedly analyze their mechanisms from five aspects:(1) Solvent-induced intermediate;(2) HI-induced intermediate;(3)CH3NH2-induced intermediate;(4) MAAc-induced intermediate;(5) other intermediates. Finally, we also provide some prospects on high-quality perovskite fabrication based on using intermediates prudently.

关键词： Intermediate Formation energy Crystalline dynamics Solubility nucleation sites

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