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Impacts of air pollution and meteorological conditions on dry eye disease among residents in a northeastern Chinese metropolis:a six-year crossover study in a cold region

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第9期12卷 1757-1770页

作者： Cheng-Wei Lu Jing Fu Xiu-Fen Liu Zhi-Hua Cui Wei-Wei Chen Li Guo Xiao-Lan Li Yu Ren Fei Shao Li-Na Chen Ji-Long Hao Opthalmology Department The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China College of New Energy and Environment Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China China College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China Shenyang Institute of Atmospheric Environment China Meteorological AdministrationShenyang 110166China

The purpose of this study is to explore the associations among dry eye disease(DED),air pollution,and meteorological conditions in the cold region of a northeastern Chinese metropolis(i.e.,Changchun).Data on ambient air pollutants and meteorological parameters as well as diagnosed DED outpatients during 2015–2021 were collected.The associations between DED and environmental factors were analysed at multiple time scales using various statistical methods(i.e.,correlation,regression and machine learning).Among the 10,809 DED patients(21,617 eyes)studied,64.60%were female and 35.40%were male.A higher frequency of DED was observed in March and April,followed by January,August and October.Individual and multiple factor models showed the positive importance of particles with aerodynamic diameters<10μm(PM10),carbon monoxide(CO),and ozone(O_(3))among normal air pollutants and air pressure(AP),air temperature(AT)and wind speed(WS)among normal meteorological parameters.Air pollutants(PM10,nitrogen dioxide:NO_(2))and meteorological parameters(AT,AP)have combined impacts on DED occurrence.For the first time,we further explored the associations of detailed components of atmospheric particles and DED,suggesting potential emission sources,including spring dust from bare soil and roads and precursor pollutants of summer O_(3)formation from vehicles and industry in Northeast China.Our results revealed the quantitative associations among air pollutants,meteorological conditions and DED outpatients in cold regions,highlighting the importance of coordinated policies in air pollution control and climate change mitigation.

关键词： pollution meteorological northeastern

Long-term effects of PM_(2.5) components on incident dementia in the northeastern United States

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The Innovation 2022年第2期3卷 95-102页

作者： Jing Li Yifan Wang Kyle Steenland Pengfei Liu Aaron van Donkelaar Randall V.Martin Howard H.Chang W.Michael Caudle Joel Schwartz Petros Koutrakis Liuhua Shi Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115USA Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30322USA School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Department of Energy Environmental&Chemical EngineeringWashington University at St.LouisMO 63130USA Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30322USA

Growing evidence has linked long-term fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure to neurological disorders.Less is known about the individual effects of PM_(2.5) components.A population-based cohort study investigated the association between long-term(1-year average)exposure to PM_(2.5) components and dementia incidence among the elderly population(age,R65 years)in the United States.

关键词： northeastern incident exposure

Pliocene cyprinids (Cypriniformes,Teleostei) from Kunlun Pass Basin,northeastern Tibetan Plateau and their bearings on development of water system and uplift of the area

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中国科学：地球科学英文版 2010年第4期53卷 485-500页

作者： CHANG Mee-mann Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Here described are the cyprinid fossils from the Pliocene Lower Member of Qiangtang Formation of the Kunlun Pass Basin,northeastern Tibetan Plateau,collected at a locality 4769 m above the sea level(asl).The materials consist of numerous disarticulated and incomplete bones as well as thousands of pharyngeal teeth,fin rays,and vertebrae.The fossils were referred to the genus Gymnocypris,lineage Schizothoracini,family Cyprinidae;the lineage Schizothoracini;and the family Cyprinidae respectively.The Schizothoracini is a freshwater fish group endemic to the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding area.Previous workers on living schizothoracins regarded that Gymnocypris belongs to the highly specialized grade of the group,colonizing higher altitudes than other members of the group.Two species are so far unequivocally assigned to the genus,i.e.,G.przewalskii and G.eckloni,and they are inhabiting Qinghai Lake and the waters on both north(the Golmud River) and south(upper reach of the Yellow River) sides of the East Kunlun Mountain,respectively.The abundant fossil schizothoracins occur in the Kunlun Pass Basin on the southern slope of the East Kunlun Mountain(at 4769 m asl),close to the present Golmud River,indicating comparatively rich waters in the area and possible connections between the water systems on north and south sides of the East Kunlun Mountain during the Pliocene.This also suggests a more humid climate in the area during the Pliocene than it is today.The presence of the highly specialized schizothoracin Gymnocypris may also imply less amplitude of uplift(approximately 1000 m) in the area since the Pliocene than previously proposed.

关键词： Gymnocypris Schizothoracini Pliocene Kunlun Pass Basin of northeastern Tibetan Plateau development of water system uplift of the area

Solar forcing of desert vegetation and drought frequency during the last 2700 years in the interior Qaidam Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第4期63卷 561-574页

作者： Quan LI Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Knowledge of long-term change in vegetation and climate in semi-arid/arid regions is essential for the study of current climate and development of mitigation strategies against severe drought. Here, a fossil pollen record of annually-varved core from Sugan Lake in interior Qaidam Basin was quantitatively analyzed to reconstruct changes in vegetation, floristic diversity and drought frequency. Results of biomization suggested that regional vegetation was desert vegetation with three short-term occupations of temperate steppe/xerophytic shrub during the last 2700 years. Floristic diversity generally increased/decreased with the expansion/degradation of desert vegetation. Moisture fluctuations showed three distinct stages(extremely dry between 742 BC and ~AD500, relatively wet with an increasing trend between ~AD500 and 1200 and relatively wet with frequent fluctuations after AD1200), interrupted by 14 drought events. Spectral analysis and continuous wavelet transform of moisture variation revealed 200-and 120-year cycles. According to cross-wavelet transform analysis, major drought frequency of ~200-year was explicitly correlated to solar activity. It's suggested that the centennial-scale drought frequency was mainly driven by solar activity, through modulation of large-scale atmospheric circulation. Furthermore, the effect of surface temperature–evaporation and uplifting/subsiding air flow should be notable. The climatic drought in interior Qaidam Basin could be intensified under the continuous global warming.

关键词： Pollen Vegetation change Drought frequency Qaidam Basin northeastern Tibetan Plateau

Discovery of a medium-scale tectonic altered rock type gold deposit(13.5 t)on the northeastern margin of Jiaolai Basin,Shandong Province,China and its new application of exploration direction

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China Geology 2022年第3期5卷 543-545页

作者： Liu-an Duan Yun-cheng Guo Xiao-meng Han Jian-tian Wang Peng-fei Zhao Li-peng Wang You-feng Wei Yantai Geological Survey Center of Coastal Zone China Geological SurveyYantai 264004China School of Mathematics and Physics China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

1.Objective The Qianchuiliu mining area is located on the northeastern margin of the Jiaolai Basin,Shandong Province,China.A series of gold deposits have been discovered around this area in recent years,such as the Liaoshang(super large;69 t),Xilaokou(large;31 t),Xijingkou(medium;11 t),and Guocheng(large;21 t)deposits,indicating favorable metallogenic geological conditions(Fig.1a).However,only a series of NE-trending veins(alteration zones)inclining southeastward instead of industrial-scale ore bodies have been discovered in the Qianchuiliu mining area since 1999 through a great deal of geological and geophysical exploration as well as a large amount of engineering verification through trenching,pitting,and drilling.This has created confusion about the prospecting in the study area.For the sake of further assessment of the gold metallogenic resource potential in the study area,geological surveys and drilling construction were carried out in 2020 based on previous work.During this period,a new EW-trending tectonic ore-controlling model was proposed to substitute for the former NE-trending tectonic ore-controlling model according to the distribution of the ore deposits nearby.Meanwhile,seven boreholes were deployed to verify the new model,expecting to achieve prospecting breakthroughs and progress.

关键词： northeastern prospecting margin

Geomorphologic evidence of phased uplift of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since 14 million years ago

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第9期47卷 822-833页

作者： LU Huayu1, WANG Xiaoyong1, AN Zhisheng1, MIAO Xiaodong1, ZHU Rixiang3, MA Haizhou2, LI Zhen4, TAN Hongbing2 & WANG Xianyan1 1. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075 China 2. Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Xining 810008, China 3. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 4. Department of Geography, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining China Department of Geography Qinghai Normal University Xining China

A typical sequence of fluvial terraces and aeolian deposits overlying these terraces were multidisciplinary investigated. New evidences for uplift process of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the past 14 million years were obtained. At least 11 river terraces along Huangshui, the first-class tributary of Yellow River, at the Xining-Huzhu region are identified. While the first one (T1) is classified as an accumulation terrace, the others are all basement river terraces, which consist of the Tertiary sandstone and siltstone bedrock, fluvial gravel and pebbles and the overlying aeolian loess-Red Clay deposit. Samples from the aeolian deposits were examined for paleomagnetic stratigraphic reconstruction (1030 samples), luminescence dating (16 samples), magnetic susceptibility and grain-size distribution (more than 4000 samples). The luminescence dating and stratigraphic correlation suggest that terraces of T11, T10,T8, T7, T3, T2, T1 were formed at 14, 11.3, 1.55, 1.2, 0.15, 0.07 and 0.01 million years ago, respectively. Sedimentological analysis and geomorphological observation indicate that formation and evolution of these terraces were mainly driven by tectonic uplift. Therefore, the terrace sequence provides an ideal geological record of the uplift process of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet during the past 14 million years, and the timings of the terraces formation are regarded as the timings of tectonic uplift. The significant uplifting events took place at 14, 11.3, 1.2 and 0.15 million years ago, respectively. The fluvial incision at the Xining-Huzhu region is less than 100 m during a period of ～12 million years in the Miocene era (between the T11 and T9), while the Huangshui River had incised 432 m during the past 1.2 million years (from T7 to the present floodplain). The river incision process clearly demonstrates that accelerated rising of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the late Cenozoic, and provides new evidence of previous thoughts. There was a significant readjustment of the fluv

关键词： river terrace, tectonic uplift, loess-Red Clay, the past 14 million years, northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

A new Eocene catostomid (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from northeastern China and early divergence of Catostomidae

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第2期52卷 189-202页

作者： CHANG Mee-mann Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences

A new Eocene catostomid genus and species,Plesiomyxocyprinus arratiae, is described from Huadian, Jilin Province, northeastern China. The materials include a nearly complete skeleton, dozens of pharyngeal bones with teeth, and a number of disarticulated bones. The new articulated specimen is large-sized and deep-bodied, with an estimated standard length of ca. 300 mm and body depth of 156 mm or about half of its standard length. The assignment of the fish to the Catostomidae is based on its falciform pharyngeal bone with one row of numerous (more than 50) compressed teeth, and the bone is much smaller than in cyprinids, especially given the size of the fish. The new fish distinguishes itself from all known catostomids (both extinct and extant) in its long anal fin with four unbranched and 17-18 branched rays, and its extremely short caudal peduncle that is only about one fourth of its depth. Plesiomyxocyprinus arratiae resembles the Eocene-Oligocene transpacific-distributed Amyzon in many general skeletal characters. However, it shows a few characters uniquely shared with the Recent catostomid Myxocyprinus asiaticus. Those include a very long dorsal fin with about 50 branched fin rays, the end of dorsal fin rays being close to the caudal fin base, and anal rays stretching posteriorly beyond the base of caudal fin. It is the first fossil catostomid that shows a close relationship to the endemic Myxocyprinus now living in the Yangtze River and Minjiang River, China. The discovery of Plesiomyxocyprinus arratiae, along with two previously described possible catostomid genera Jianghanichthys and Vasnetzovia, may indicate that the divergence of the Catostomidae started much earlier, in the middle Eocene or earlier, on the western side of the Pacific than on its eastern side.

关键词： a new catostomid genus Eocene northeastern China early divergence

A Floating Astronomical Time Scale for the Early Late Cretaceous Continental Strata in the Songliao Basin, northeastern China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第1期94卷 27-37页

作者： MA Xiaojuan WU Huaichun FANG Qiang SHI Meinan ZHANG Shihong YANG Tianshui LI Haiyan WANG Chengshan Schoolof Ocean Sciences China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

A continuous terrestrial succession was recovered from the Songke-2(SK-2)borehole in the Songliao Basin,northeastern China.This borehole provides a unique material for further research on the continental paleoclimate during Cretaceous greenhouse period,following a series of achievements of the Songke-1(SK-1)core.In this study,thorium(Th)logging data were chosen as a paleoclimate proxy to conduct a detailed cyclostratigraphic analysis.The Th series varies quasi-periodically;power spectra and evolutionary fast Fourier transformation(FFT)analysis reveal significant cycles in the Quantou(K2 q),Qingshankou(K2 qn),Yaojia(K2 y)and Nenjiang(K2 n)formations.The ratio of cycle wavelengths in these stratigraphic units is approximately 20:5:2:1,corresponding to long orbital eccentricity(405 kyr),short orbital eccentricity(100 kyr),obliquity(37 kyr),and precession cycles(22.5 kyr and 18.4 kyr).The durations of the K2 n,K2 y,K2 qn and K2 q are estimated as 6.97,1.83,5.30 and 4.52 Myr,respectively,based on the constructed^18.62 Myr"floating"astronomical time scale(ATS).Comparison of the durations between the SK-1 s and SK-2 boreholes exhibits a slight difference of 0.06 Myr and 0.459 Myr for K2 qn and K2 y.Nevertheless,our ATS of K2 n supports the chronostratigraphic frame constructed by the CA-ID-TIMS data of the SK-1 s borehole.This new"floating"ATS provides precise numerical ages for stratigraphic boundaries,biozones and geological events in the Songliao Basin,and can serve as a basis for correlation of strata and events between marine and terrestrial systems.

关键词： Late Cretaceous SK-2 borehole cyclostratigraphy astronomical time scale Songliao Basin northeastern China

Distribution Patterns of Major and Trace Elements and Provenance of Surface Sediments on the Continental Shelf off Western Guangdong Province and northeastern Hainan Island

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第4期18卷 849-858页

作者： GE Qian XUE Z. George YE Liming XU Dong YAO Zhigang CHU Fengyou Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China Second Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources Hangzhou 310012 China Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA Coastal Studies Institute Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China

A coupled approach based on grain size and geochemical elements is used to trace the provenance of surface sediments and to confirm the distribution patterns of grain size and elements on the continental shelf off western Guangdong Province and northeastern Hainan Island. The mean grain size ranges from 0.05 φ to 7.28 φ with a mean value of 5.60 φ. The average concentra- tions of major elements descend in the order of SiO2 > Al2O3 > CaO > Fe2O3 > K2O > MgO > Na2O > TiO2 > P2O5 > MnO, while those of trace elements exhibit a descending order of Sr > Rb > Zn > V > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cu > As > Cd. On the basis of the distribution patterns of elements and results of statistical analysis, the study area is classified into three zones. Zone I locates on the continental shelf off western Guangdong Province, and the sediments are mainly from Pearl River, Taiwan Residents rivers, and small rivers nearby. Zone II locates in the eastern exit of Qiongzhou Strait and the coastal area off Leizhou Peninsula, and the sediments are mainly from the ero- sion products of Qiongzhou Strait and Hainan Island. Zone III locates off the eastern Hainan Island and the continental shelf deeper than 50 m isobaths, and the sediments are mainly from Hainan Island and coral reef. The influence from open water should also be considered. Results indicate that the grain size is the main controlling factor for major and trace element contents and that anthropo- genic impact and biological activity also play an important role in the distribution of these elements.

关键词： grain size geochemical elements western Guangdong Province northeastern Hainan Island controlling factor