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Automatic Image—Based Pencil Sketch rendering

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2002年第3期17卷 347-355页

作者：王进鲍虎军周伟华彭群生徐迎庆 State Key Laboratory of CAD& CG Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 P.R. China Microsoft China Research Beijing 100080 P.R. China

This paper presents an automatic image-based approach for converting greyscale images to pencil sketches, in which strokes follow the image features. The algorithm first extracts a dense direction field automatically using Logical/Linear operators which embody the drawing mechanism. Next, a reconstruction approach based on a sampling-and-interpolation scheme is introduced to generate stroke paths from the direction field. Finally, pencil strokes are rendered along the specified paths with consideration of image tone and artificial *** an important application, the technique is applied to render portraits from images with little user interaction. The experimental results demonstrate that the approach can automatically achieve compelling pencil sketches from reference images.

关键词： non-photorealistic rendering pencil sketch image-based rendering pen-and- ink illustration

Estimating reflectance and shape of objects from a single cartoon-shaded image

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Computational Visual Media 2017年第1期3卷 21-31页

作者： Hideki Todo Yasushi Yamaguchi Tokyo University of Technology The University of Tokyo

Although many photorealistic relighting methods provide a way to change the illumination of objects in a digital photograph, it is currently difficult to relight digital illustrations having a cartoon shading style. The main difference between photorealistic and cartoon shading styles is that cartoon shading is characterized by soft color quantization and nonlinear color variations that cause noticeable reconstruction errors under a physical reflectance assumption, such as Lambertian reflection. To handle this non-photorealistic shading property, we focus on shading analysis of the most fundamental cartoon shading technique. Based on the color map shading representation, we propose a simple method to determine the input shading as that of a smooth shape with a nonlinear reflectance property. We have conducted simple ground-truth evaluations to compare our results to those obtained by other approaches.

关键词： non-photorealistic rendering cartoon shading relighting quantization

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Multi-style video stylization based on texture advection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2015年第11期58卷 90-102页

作者： TANG Ying ZHANG Yan SHI XiaoYing FAN Jing School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Key Laboratory of Visual Media Intelligent Process Technology of Zhejiang Province School of Software Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University

Artistic video stylization, which is widely used in multimedia entertainment, transforms a given video into different artistic styles. Most of the existing video stylization algorithms can simulate single or limited video artistic styles. Although some algorithms can achieve multi-style video processing, these algorithms are complex and difficult to implement. To solve this problem, we propose a multi-styled video stylization algorithm based on texture advection, where different artistic styles are synthesized and transferred from user-specified texture samples of desired styles. We use the direction field-guided texture synthesis to compute the texture layer that represents the artistic style. Painterly directional video styles are simulated competently by the orientation changes in the synthesized anisotropic textures. There appeared local distorted region of the texture layer during texture advection under the optical flow field. To address this issue, we propose the texture inpaint to synthesize the limited distorted region and make the stylized video temporally coherent. We also accelerate the video stylization by using the CUDA parallel computing framework that parallelly computes the morphological operations used for video abstraction. Finally, we produce stylized videos of multiple artistic styles with satisfactory experimental results, including the styles of oil painting, watercolor painting and stylized lines drawing.

关键词： non-photorealistic rendering video stylization texture synthesis direction field CUDA

Coherence-enhancing line drawing for color images

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2013年第11期56卷 81-91页

作者： WANG ShanDong MA ZiYang LIU XueHui CHEN YanYun WU EnHua State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Computer and Information Science University of Macau Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Line drawing plays an important role in many image-based non-photorealistic ***,most existing approaches use a grayscale edge detector for line extraction,so that only luminance diferences between nearby image pixels is taken into account,but the chrominance diferences is *** leads to the undesirable consequence that visually signifcant edges in adjacent regions with diferent colors of similar luminance cannot be *** address this limitation,we present a novel enhanced line drawing method based on a flow-based diference-of-Gaussians(FDoG)*** of an inherent property of the thresholded DoG edge model,captured lines may appear dislodged from the true edges in the *** this end,we provide a gradient-guided warping technique so that smooth and coherent lines can be extracted in the correct *** GPU implementation of the proposed algorithms allows real-time performance,and experimental examples with various color images demonstrate the method’s superior qualitative performance over previous approaches.

关键词： non-photorealistic rendering line drawing FDoG flter coherence-enhancing real-time computation

Real-Time Watercolor for Animation

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2006年第2期21卷 159-165页

作者： Thomas Luft Oliver Deussen Depurtment of Computer and Information Science University of KonstanzKonstanzGermang

We present algorithms that allow for reat-time rendering of 3D-scenes with a watercolor painting appearance,Our approach provides an appropriate simplification of the visual complexity,initates characteristic natural effects of watercolor,and provides two essential painting techniques,the wet-on-wet and the wet-on-dry *** concentrate on efficient algorithms based on image space processing rather than on an exact *** allows for the real-time rendering of *** an animation a high frame-to-frame coherence can be achieved due to a stable segmentation ***,we seamlessly integrate a smooth illumination into the watercolor renderings nsing information from the 3D-scenc.

关键词： non-photorealistic rendering watercolor painting,real-time rendering

Feature-preserving color pencil drawings from photographs

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Computational Visual Media 2023年第4期9卷 807-825页

作者： Dong Wang Guiqing Li Chengying Gao Shengwu Fu Yun Liang College of Mathematics and Informatics South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina School of Computer Science&Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina School of Data and Computer Science Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

Color pencil drawing is well-loved due to its rich *** paper proposes an approach for generating feature-preserving color pencil drawings from *** mimic the tonal style of color pencil drawings,which are much lighter and have relatively lower saturation than photographs,we devise a lightness enhancement mapping and a saturation reduction *** lightness mapping is a monotonically decreasing derivative function,which not only increases lightness but also preserves input photograph *** saturation is usually related to lightness,so we suppress the saturation dependent on lightness to yield a harmonious ***,two extremum operators are provided to generate a foreground-aware outline map in which the colors of the generated contours and the foreground object are *** experiments show that color pencil drawings generated by our method surpass existing methods in tone capture and feature preservation.

关键词： non-photorealistic rendering pencil drawings image editing feature preservation

Stroke Based Painterly rendering with Mass Data through Auto Warping Generation

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第3期130卷 1441-1457页

作者： Taemin Lee Beomsik Kim Sanghyun Seo Kyunghyun Yoon Davinci SW Education Institute Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul06974South Korea School of Computer Science and Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul06974South Korea College of Art&Technology Chung-Ang UniversityGyeonggi-do17546South Korea

Painting is done according to the artist’s *** most representative of the style is the texture and shape of the brush *** simulations allow the artist’s painting to be produced by taking this stroke and pasting it onto the *** is called stroke-based *** quality of the result depends on the number or quality of this stroke,since the stroke is taken to create the *** is not easy to render using a large amount of information,as there is a limit to having a stroke *** this work,we intend to produce rendering results using mass data that produces large amounts of strokes by expanding existing strokes through *** this,we have produced results that have higher quality than conventional ***,we also compare the correlation between the amount of data and the results.

关键词： Painterly rendering stroke based rendering image mass data stroke warping non-photorealistic rendering

Video-based running water animation in Chinese painting style

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Science in China(Series F) 2009年第2期52卷 162-171页

作者： ZHANG SongHai CHEN Tao ZHANG YiFei HU ShiMin MARTIN Ralph Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Computer Science Cardiff University 5 The Parade Roath Cardiff Wales CF24 3AA UK

This paper presents a novel algorithm for synthesizing animations of running water, such as water- falls and rivers, in the style of Chinese paintings, for applications such as cartoon making. All video frames are first registered in a common coordinate system, simultaneously segmenting the water from background and computing optical flow of the water. Taking artists＇ advice into account, we produce a painting structure to guide painting of brush strokes. Flow lines are placed in the water following an analysis of variance of optical flow, to cause strokes to be drawn where the water is flowing smoothly, rather than in turbulent areas： this allows a few moving strokes to depict the trends of the water flows. A variety of brush strokes is then drawn using a template determined from real Chinese paintings. The novel contributions of this paper are： a method for painting structure generation for flows in videos, and a method for stroke placement, with the necessary temporal coherence.

关键词： non-photorealistic rendering Chinese painting stroke based rendering video rendering optical flow

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Procedural modeling of water caustics and foamy water for cartoon animation

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2011年第7期12卷 533-541页

作者： Jing LIAO 1,Jin-hui YU 1,Long JIA 2 (1 State Key Laboratory of CAD & CG,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China) (2 School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences,University of Ballarat,Ballarat 3350,Australia) State Key Laboratory of CAD & CG Zhejiang University Hangzhou China School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences University of Ballarat Ballarat Australia

We propose a method for procedural modeling and animation of cartoon water effects such as water caustics,foamy wake,and longshore *** our method we emulate the visual abstraction of these cartoon effects by the use of Voronoi diagrams and the motion abstraction by designing relevant controlling mechanisms corresponding to each *** system enables the creation of cartoon effects withminimal intervention from the *** high-level initial specification,the effects are animated procedurally in the style of hand-drawn cartoons.

关键词： Procedural modeling Water effects non-photorealistic rendering Cartoon animation

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