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Effects of Rhizosphere Dissolved Oxygen Content and nitrogen Form on Root Traits and nitrogen accumulation in Rice

Rice science 2011年第4期18卷 304-310页

作者： ZHAO Feng XU Chun-mei ZHANG Wei-jian ZHANG Xiu-fu LI Feng-bo CHEN Jian-ping WANG Dan-ying China Nationa l Rice Resea rch Institute Hangzhou 310006China Institute of Applied Ecology Nanjing Agricultura l Univer sityNanjing 210095China Institute of Food Crops Hubei Academy of Agricultura l SciencesWuhan 430064China

Dissolved oxygen and nitrogen form have important effects on rice root growth and nitrogen availability. An indica hybrid rice, Guodao 1, and a conventional japonica rice, Xiushui 09, were cultured in hypoxic nutrient solution with NH 4 NO 3 or (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 as the nitrogen source for six weeks in pools. A portion of the Guodao 1 seedlings after treatment in the pools for four weeks were transferred to a split-root system at different dissolved oxygen contents and cultured for an additional two weeks. Biomass, root morphological traits and nitrogen accumulation were recorded. Under the low rhizosphere dissolved oxygen content (0–1.0 mg/L), plant biomass was significantly increased under NH 4 NO 3 -N supply by about 69% in Guodao 1 and 41% in Xiushui 09 compared with those under NH 4 + -N alone. Similar results were observed for root number, maximum root length, root dry weight and root activity. nitrogen accumulations in roots and shoots were increased by 60% and 52% for Guodao 1, and by 41% and 33% for Xiushui 09, respectively, in the NH 4 NO 3 -N treatment. In the split-root system, the high rhizosphere dissolved oxygen content (8.0–9.0 mg/L) promoted root growth and development. Root biomass was increased by 21.6%, root number by 27%, maximum root length by 14%, and root volume by 10%. Moreover, nitrogen accumulation in roots was increased by 11% under high rhizosphere oxygen conditions. In conclusion, enhanced dissolved oxygen content and combined ammonium-nitrate nitrogen source have positive effects on root growth and nitrogen accumulation of rice plants.

关键词： nitrogen form dissolved oxygen rice root nitrogen accumulation

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The Enhancement of Soil Fertility,Dry Matter Transport and accumulation,nitrogen Uptake and Yield in Rice via Green Manuring

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第1期90卷 223-243页

作者： Tianyuan Li Saif Ullah He Liang Izhar Ali Quan Zhao Anas Iqbal Shanqing Wei Tariq Shah Yuqiong Luo Ligeng Jiang Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System Guangxi UniversityNanning530004China Department of Agronomy The University of Agriculture PeshawarPeshawar25130Pakistan

Readily available chemical fertilizers have resulted in a decline in the use of organic manure(e.g.,green manures),a traditionally sustainable source of *** on this,we applied urea at the rate of 270 kg ha−1 with and without green manure in order to assess nitrogen(N)productivity in a double rice cropping system in *** particular,treatment combinations were as follows:winter fallow rice-rice(WF-R-R),milk vetch rice-rice(MV-R-R),oil-seed rape rice-rice(R-R-R)and potato crop rice-rice(P-R-R).Results revealed that green manure significantly(p≤0.05)improved the soil chemical properties and net soil organic carbon content increased by an average 117.47%,total nitrogen(N)by 28.41%,available N by 26.64%,total phosphorus(P)by 37.77%,available P by 20.48%and available potassium(K)by 33.10%than WF-R-R,however pH was reduced by 3.30%across the ***,net dry matter accumulation rate enhanced in green manure applied treatments and ranked in order:P-R-R>R-R-R>MV-R-R>***,the total leaf dry matter transport(t ha−1)for the P-R-R in both seasons was significantly higher by an average 11.2%,7.2%and 36%than MV-R-R,R-R-R,and WF-R-R,*** addition,net total nitrogen accumulation(kg ha−1)was found higher in green manure applied plots compared to the *** and yield attributed traits were observed maximum in green manure applied plots,with treatments ranking as follows:P-R-R>R-R-R>MV-R-R>***,results obtained highlight ability of green manure to sustainably improve soil quality and rice yield.

关键词： Soil organic carbon dry matter nitrogen accumulation milk vetch rapeseed

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Non-climate environmental factors matter to Holocene dynamics of soil organic carbon and nitrogen in an alpine permafrost wetland,Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第2期14卷 213-225页

作者： Qing-Feng WANG Hui-Jun JIN Cui-Cui MU Xiao-Dong WU Lin ZHAO Qing-Bai WU State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Civil Engineering Northeast China Observatory and Research Station of Permafrost Geo-Environment(Ministry of Education)Institute of ColdRegions Engineering and EnvironmentNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesObservation and Research Station on Eco-Environment of Frozen Ground in the Qilian MountainsLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric ScienceNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Studies on the responses of soil organic carbon(SOC)and nitrogen dynamics to Holocene climate and environment in permafrost peatlands and/or wetlands might serve as analogues for future scenarios,and they can help predict the fate of the frozen SOC and nitrogen under a warming *** date,little is known about these issues on the Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau(QTP).Here,we investigated the accumulations of SOC and nitrogen in a permafrost wetland on the northeastern QTP,and analyzed their links with Holocene climatic and environmental *** order to do so,we studied grain size,soil organic matter,SOC,and nitrogen contents,bulk density,geochemical parameters,and the accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS)^(14)C dating of the 216-cm-deep wetland *** and nitrogen contents revealed a general uptrend over last 7300 *** stocks for depths of 0-100 and 0-200 cm were 50.1 and 79.0 kgC m^(-2),respectively,and nitrogen stocks for the same depths were 4.3 and 6.6 kgN m^(-2),***,a cooling and drying trend for regional climate over last 7300 years was inferred from the declining chemical weathering and humidity ***,SOC and nitrogen accumulated rapidly in 1110e720 BP,while apparent accumulation rates of SOC and nitrogen were much lower during the other periods of the last 7300 ***,we proposed a probable conceptual framework for the concordant development of syngenetic permafrost and SOC and nitrogen accumulations in alpine permafrost *** indicates that,apart from controls of climate,non-climate environmental factors,such as dust deposition and site hydrology,matter to SOC and nitrogen accumulations in permafrost *** emphasized that environmental changes driven by climate change have important impacts on SOC and nitrogen accumulations in alpine permafrost *** study could provide data support for regional and global estimates of SOC and nitrogen pools and for global models on carbon‒climate interactions

关键词： Syngenetic permafrost in alpine wetland Soil organic carbon pool nitrogen accumulation Chemical weathering Dust deposition Holocene

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Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on root-shoot characteristics,grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of different maize varieties in North China Plain

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第5期15卷 132-140页

作者： Xiangling Li Liu Pan Rui Wang Yiping Zuo Jian Wang Jinling Han Yuechen Zhang Baozhong Yin College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Hebei Normal University of Science&Technology/Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress BiologyQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina College of Agronomy Hebei Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationBaoding 071001HebeiChina College of Plant Protection Hebei Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationBaoding 071001HebeiChina

Excessive nitrogen(N)fertilizer application in crop production has resulted in a series of environmental issues in North China Plain(NCP).Breeding N-efficient maize varieties is one of the effective strategies to improve the N use efficiency of maize and reduce environmental *** study designed an experiment for two maize varieties(‘Xian-Yu 335’[XY335]and‘Hua-Nong 138’[HN138])with three N-level treatments(0 kg/hm^(2),180 kg/hm^(2),300 kg/hm^(2),i.e.N0,N180,N300).The aim of the study was to determine the response characteristics of maize canopy structure,root morphology,and anatomical structure,as well as N uptake and utilization of N *** showed that grain yield,N use efficiency,and N harvest index of XY335 were higher 5.20%-13.68%,11.86%-19.11%,and 6.07%-3.33%than those of HN138,*** with HN138,XY335 had a higher leaf area index and photosynthetic nitrogen-use *** root length,root length density,root absorption area,root absorption area,and root active absorption area of XY335 in each period were higher than that of *** proportion of RCA of XY335 was significantly higher than that of HN138,which was 14.64%higher on *** the future breeding process,the high N and low N double-high-efficiency varieties should pay more attention to the improvement of root cortex aeration tissue.

关键词： maize root nitrogen accumulation nitrogen use efficiency yield

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Strip deep rotary tillage combined with controlled-release urea improves the grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of maize in the North China Plain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第9期21卷 2559-2576页

作者： HAN Yu-ling GUO Dong MA Wei GE Jun-zhu LI Xiang-ling Ali Noor MEHMOOD ZHAO Ming ZHou Bao-yuan Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and EcologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081P.R.China College of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030P.R.China College of Agronomy&Resource and Environment Tianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjin 300384P.R.China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Hebei Normal University of Science&TechnologyQinhuangdao 066004P.R.China

Inappropriate tillage practices and nitrogen(N) management have become seriously limitations for maize(Zea mays L.) yield and N use efficiency(NUE) in the North China Plain(NCP). In the current study, we examined the effects of strip deep rotary tillage(ST) combined with controlled-release(CR) urea on maize yield and NUE, and determined the physiological factors involved in yield formation and N accumulation during a 2-year field experiment. Compared with conventional rotary tillage(RT) and no-tillage(NT), ST increased the soil water content and soil mineral N content(Nmin) in the 20–40 cm soil layer due to reduction by 10.5 and 13.7% in the soil bulk density in the 0–40 cm soil layer, respectively. Compared with the values obtained by common urea(CU) fertilization, CR increased the Nmin in the 0–40 cm soil layers by 12.4 and 10.3% at the silking and maturity stages, respectively. As a result, root length and total N accumulation were enhanced under ST and CR urea, which promoted greater leaf area and dry matter(particularly at post-silking), eventually increasing the1 000-kernel weight of maize. Thus, ST increased the maize yield by 8.3 and 11.0% compared with RT and NT, respectively, whereas CR urea increased maize yield by 8.9% above the values obtained under CU. Because of greater grain yield and N accumulation, ST combined with CR urea improved the NUE substantially. These results show that ST coupled with CR urea is an effective practice to further increase maize yield and NUE by improving soil properties and N supply, so it should be considered for sustainable maize production in the NCP(and other similar areas worldwide).

关键词： maize strip deep rotary tillage controlled-release urea nitrogen accumulation grain yield

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Effects of nitrogen application rate and hill density on rice yield and nitrogen utilization in sodic saline–alkaline paddy fields

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第2期20卷 540-553页

作者： GUO Xiao-hong LAN Yu-chen XU Ling-qi YIN Da-wei LI Hong-yu QIAN Yong-de ZHENG Gui-ping LU Yan-dong Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement/Daqing Key Laboratory of Saline-alkaline Land Utilization and Improvement/College of Agriculture Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing 163319P.R.China

Soil salinity and alkalinity can inhibit crop growth and reduce yield,and this has become a global environmental *** changes in nitrogen (N) application and hill density can improve rice yields in sodic saline–alkaline paddy fields and protect the *** investigated the interactive effects of N application rate and hill density on rice yield and N accumulation,translocation and utilization in two field experiments during 2018 and 2019 in sodic saline–alkaline paddy *** N application rates (0 (control),90,120,150,and 180 kg N ha^(-1) (N0–N4),respectively) and three hill densities(achieved by altering the distance between hills,in rows spaced 30 cm apart:16.5 cm (D1),13.3 cm (D2) and 10 cm (D3))were utilized in a split-plot design with three *** application rate and hill density significantly affected grain *** mathematical model of quadratic saturated D-optimal design showed that with an N application rate in the range of 0–180 kg N ha^(-1),the highest yield was obtained at 142.61 kg N ha^(-1) which matched with a planting density of 33.3×10^(4) ha^(-1).Higher grain yield was mainly attributed to the increase in panicles m^(–2).nitrogen application rate and hill density significantly affected N accumulation in the aboveground parts of rice plants and showed a highly significant positive correlation with grain yield at *** full heading to maturity,the average N loss rate of the aboveground parts of rice plants in N4 was 70.21% higher than that of *** is one of the reasons why the yield of N4 treatment is lower than that of the N3 *** accumulation rates in the aboveground parts under treatment N3 (150 kg N ha^(-1)) were 81.68 and 106.07% higher in 2018 and 2019,respectively,than those in the *** N translocation and N translocation contribution rates increased with the increase in the N application rate and hill density,whereas N productivity of dry matter and grain first increased

关键词： rice yield saline–alkaline soil nitrogen accumulation paddy field Songnen Plain

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Yield characteristics of japonicalindica hybrids rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第10期19卷 2394-2406页

作者： XU Dong ZHU Ying CHEN Zhi-feng HAN Chao HU Lei QIU Shi WU Pei LIU Guo-dong WEI Hai-yan ZHANG Hong-cheng Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Agricultural College Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China

Although a lot of researches have been done on yield characteristics of japonica/indica hybrid rice,there is itte information on differences of yield characteristics between different types of *** determine common characteristics of japonical indica hybrid rice(JIHR)and identify the differences between different types of JIHR,the present study assessed yield characteristics,such as panicle trait,leaf area index(LAI),above-ground biomass accumulation,and nitrogen absorption and uilization,among three types of cultivar of *** our field experiments,three types of JIHR,e.g.,Yongyou,Chunyou and Jiayouzhongke,were divided,and each of them has two cultivars,which were used as materials,meanwhile,using conventional japonica rice(CJR)Wuyingjing 31 and Sujing 9 were as *** results showed that the mean yield of those JIHR was above 12 t ha^-1 in 2017 and 2018,and was 31.9 and 32.2%,respectively higher than that of CJR in the two *** number per panicle of JIHR resulted in high *** yield of JIHR was likely contributed to greater panicle number and more spikelets per *** yielding JIHR showed stronger tllering capacity,larger LAI and above-ground biomass accumulation from jointing to heading stages,which likely contributed to the higher number of spikelets per *** long duration from heading to maturity stages allowed more nitrogen accumulation of higher yielding JIHR.

关键词： japonica/indica hybrid rice yield agronomic trait nitrogen accumulation

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Effects of Straw Returning with Different Tillage Patterns on Corn Yield and nitrogen Utilization

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2020年第2期27卷 17-24页

作者： Dai Jian-jun Zhang Yu-fei Wang Xiao-chun Ma Yu-xuan Liu Li-zhi College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

To explore the effects of farming methods,straw returning and their interaction on corn yield and nitrogen utilization,the experiment was conducted for two consecutive years from 2016 to 2017 at the Xiangyang Experimental Base of Northeast Agricultural University in Heilongjiang Province of *** method of combining farming with straw returning was used and six treatments as rotary tillage(R)+no straw returning(K),rotary tillage(R)+straw returning(S),tillage(T)+no straw returning(K),tillage(T)+straw returning(S),tillage(T)+subsoiling(D)+no straw returning(K)and tillage(T)+subsoiling(D)+straw returning(S)were set to study the effects of different tillage methods and straw returning on corn yield and nitrogen accumulation and *** corn yield,nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen transport,grain weight and dry matter accumulation of tillage(T)+subsoiling(D)and tillage(T)were significantly higher than those of rotary tillage(R)***,the corn yield,nitrogen accumulation and dry matter accumulation of TD treatment were significantly higher than those of T treatment;the corn yield,dry matter accumulation,kernel weight,nitrogen dry matter production efficiency and nitrogen grain production efficiency of S treatment were significantly higher than those of K *** the treatments,the yield,nitrogen accumulation and utilization efficiency of TDS,TS and TDK were the *** yield,nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen transport of TDS were significantly higher than those of *** 2016,TDS production increased by 7.30%and 8.20%compared with TS;and TDS nitrogen accumulation increased by 6.78%and 9.50%compared with TS,while the yield and nitrogen grain production efficiency were significantly higher than those of ***,under the conditions of this experiment,on the basis of straw returning,tillage+subsoiling was the suitable farming method.

关键词： tillage pattern straw returning corn yield nitrogen accumulation

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Human-caused increases in reactive nitrogen burial in sediment of global lakes

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The Innovation 2021年第4期2卷 35-42页

作者： Mei Wang Benjamin Z.Houlton Sitong Wang Chenchen Ren Hans J.Mvan Grinsven Deli Chen Jianming Xu Baojing Gu School of Geographical Sciences South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Department of Global Development Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14850USA College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Land Management Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency 2500 GH The Haguethe Netherlands School of Agriculture and Food The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Human activities have increased reactive nitrogen(Nr)input to terrestrial ecosystems compared with the pre-industrial ***,the fate of such Nr input remains uncertain,leading to missing sink of the global nitrogen *** synthesizing records of Nr burial in sediments from 303 lakes worldwide,here we show that 9.6±1.1 Tg N year^(-1)(Tg=10^(12) g)accumulated in inland water sediments from 2000 to 2010,accounting for 3%-5% of global Nr input to the land from combined natural and anthropogenic *** recent Nr burial flux doubles pre-industrial estimates,and Nr burial rate significantly increases with global increases in human population and air *** ratios of C:N decrease after 1950 while N:P ratios increase over time due to increasingly elevated Nr burial and other related processes in *** findings imply that Nr burial in lakes is overlooked as an important global sink of Nr input to terrestrial ecosystems.

关键词： biogeochemistry nitrogen accumulation sink eutrophication carbon

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Responses of rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency to nitrogen fertilizer reduction in a rice-wheat cropping system(nitrogen fertilizer reduction for high yield and high nutrient efficiency in a wheat-rice cropping system;Enhancing rice crop product

Responses of rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency to...

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全国第十七届水稻优质高产理论与技术研讨会

作者：习敏 Wenge Wu Youzun Xu Gang Chen Sun Xueyuan Zhou Yongjin Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences Rice Research Institute Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in the Yangtze ValleyMinistry of Agriculture

As the largest contributor to crop yield increase,continuously increased nitrogen(N) fertilizer application is mainly responsible for the lower N use efficiency in *** improve N use efficiency while concurrently maintaining high yield,a two-year field experiments used Yongyou2640 and zhendao18 as materials in 2014 and 2015,respectively,were conducted during 2014-2015 to explore the appropriate N application rate through reducing or increasing N fertilizer application in rice production *** experiment were laid out in a randomized complete block design in three replicates with six treatments including CK(270 kg·ha N as local farmers’ N application rate during rice growing season),CK-30%(189.0 kg·ha N as reducing by30%of CK),CK-15%(229.5 kg·ha N as reducing by 15%of CK),CK+15%(310.5 kg·ha N as increasing by 15%of CK applied),CK+30%(351.0 kg·ha N as increasing by 30%of CK applied)and N0(no N fertilizer applied during rice growing season).The N uptake and use efficiency(NUE) of rice were quantified under different N application *** results showed that rice grain yield significantly decreased at N fertilizer application reduced by 30%of the conventional rate in both years,but no significant difference in grain yield was observed at N fertilizer application reduced by 15%of the conventional rate.N accumulation in the straw and grain increased with the increased application of N fertilizer in both *** N accumulation in rice plant at maturity varied from 99.03 to255.63 kg ha in 2014 and from 173.47 to 349.87 kg ha in 2015,with the average of 208.32 kg ha and 294.15 kg ha,respectively,across all six treatments *** 2014,N accumulation ratio in the straw continued to increase as N application rates increased,but decreased in the grain.A similar trend was observed for grain/straw N accumulation ratio,ranging from 2.65 to 1.17 for different N *** finding revealed that application of excessive N fertilizer will resulted in a much higher N

关键词： paddy rice nitrogen fertilizer nitrogen accumulation nitrogen use efficiency grain yield

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