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Inhibition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria promotes the growth of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in ammonium-rich alkaline soils

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Pedosphere 2022年第4期32卷 532-542页

作者： Chang YIN Xiaoping FAN Hao CHEN Mujun YE Guochao YAN Tingqiang LI Hongyun PENG Shengzhe E Zongxian CHE Steven AWAKELIN Yongchao LIANG Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of EducationCollege of Environmental&Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Water-Saving Agriculture Gansu Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730070China Scion Research P.O.Box 29237Christchurch 8011New Zealand

Disparities in the substrate affinity and tolerance threshold for ammonia have been believed to play a key role in driving niche differentiation between ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB);however, recent surveys argue that direct competition between AOA and AOB is also important in this phenomenon. Accordingly, it is reasonable to predict that diverse AOA lineages would grow in ammonium (NH_(4)^(+))-rich alkaline arable soils if AOB growth is suppressed. To test this hypothesis, a microcosm study was established using three different types of alkaline arable soils, in which a high NH_(4)^(+) concentration (200 μg N g^(-1) dry soil) was maintained by routinely replenishing urea and the activities of AOB were selectively inhibited by 1-octyne or 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP). Compared with amendment with urea alone, 1-octyne partially retarded AOB growth, while DMPP completely inhibited AOB. Both inhibitors accelerated the growth of AOA, with significantly higher ratios of abundance of AOA to AOB observed with DMPP amendment across soils. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) indicated that different treatments significantly altered the community structures of both AOA and AOB and AOA OTUs enriched by high-NH_(4)^(+) amendment were taxonomically constrained across the soils tested and closely related to Nitrososphaera viennensis EN76 and N. garnensis. Given that these representative strains have been demonstrated to be sensitive to high ammonia concentrations, our results suggest that it is the competitiveness for ammonia, rather than disparities in substrate affinity and tolerance threshold for ammonia, that drives niche differentiation between these phylotypes and AOB in NH_(4)^(+)-rich alkaline soils.

关键词： community structure 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate niche differentiation 1-octyne substrate affinity tolerance threshold

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Ecological niche Divergence between Trapelus ruderatus(Olivier,1807)and ***(Blanford,1881)(Sauria:Agamidae)in the Middle East

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第2期7卷 96-102页

作者： Seyyed Saeed HOSSEINIAN YOUSEFKHANI Omid MIRSHAMSI Cetin ILGAZ Yusuf KUMLUTAS Aziz AVCI Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran Zoological Innovations Research Department Institute of Applied ZoologyFaculty of SciencesFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran Dokuz Eyliil University Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Biology35160 BucaizmirTurkey Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Science and ArtsDepartment of Biology09010 AydmTurkey

Modeling the potential distribution areas for a given species is important in understanding the relationship between the actual distribution and the most suitable habitat for a species. In this study, we obtained all available records of Trapelus ruderatus and Trapelus persicus from museums, literature and fieldwork and used them with environmental layers in the Maximum Entropy algorithm to predict highly suitable habitat areas. The distribution model of T. ruderatus and T. persicus showed excellent performance for both models （T. ruderatus AUC = 0.964 ± 0.001 and T. persicus AUC = 0.996 ± 0.003）, and predicted suitable regions in Iran, Turkey, Iraq and Syria. niche overlap was measured between the two groups by ENMtools and 13% overlapped. We used a niche identity test to determine differences between the niches of the two species. Finally, by comparing our null hypothesis to the true niche overlap of the two species, we were able to reject our null hypothesis of no difference between the niches. Due to the sympatric distribution pattern of these species, we do not need a background test for niche divergence.

关键词： MaxEnt modeling habitat suitability niche differentiation Trapelus ruderatus Trapelus persicus MiddleEast

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The ecological performance of tetra-, penta- and hexaploid geophyte Allium oleraceum in reciprocal transplant experiment may explain the occurrence of multiple-cytotype populations

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第3期10卷 569-580页

作者： Martin Duchoslav Martina Fialová Michaela Jandová Plant Biosystematics and Ecology RG Department of BotanyFaculty of SciencePalackýUniversityŠlechtitelů27CZ 78371 OlomoucCzech Republic

Aims Many polyploids are geographically separated from their lower-ploidy progenitors at a variety of spatial *** adaptive and non-adaptive mechanisms have been suggested to contribute to these spatial patterns.A long-standing hypothesis holds that poly-ploids are established and persist due to specialization to differ-ent ecological conditions compared to their ***,experimental approaches testing this hypothesis remain *** evidence for niche differences among ploidy levels has been found previously for the European polyploid geophyte Allium ***,we conducted a 5-year reciprocal transplant experiment with tetraploid,pentaploid and hexaploid *** to test for adaptation at the ploidy and population *** In 2006,we sowed 2160 aerial bulbils among six sites(two per cytotype,central and western Moravia,the Czech Republic)and monitored their emergence in 2007,their survival until 2011 and their performance in *** Findings The emergence of bulbils was high at all target sites,and no evi-dence for niche differentiation among cytotypes was recorded in the first *** in the following years was relatively high,but significantly better survival for plants of home ploidy than foreign ploidy was *** plant reached the reproductive stage during our *** a strict definition of local adaptation,local plants only rarely performed better than foreign plants at both sites in pairwise comparisons within a ***,our results sug-gest weak niche differentiation among cytotypes and provide limited support for the existence of local adaptation within ***,all cytotypes are able to establish in habitats typically populated by other cytotypes via aerial bulbil spread,but will likely die out gradually in non-native *** ability may explain the occur-rence of some multiple-cytotype *** complex spatial pattern of *** cytotypes is therefore t

关键词： Allium oleraceum bulbils reciprocal transplant local adaptation niche differentiation

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Plant-to-plant direct competition for belowground resource in an overlapping depletion zone

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Journal of Arid Land 2009年第1期1卷 9-15页

作者： Amit CHAKRABORTY Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory Department of Botany and Plant SciencesUniversity of California Center for Conservation Biology University of California

In response to limited availability of soil resources in basal root zone, plant extends its roots into nearby resource-rich zones to fulfill essential resource demands for survival and reproduction. This root proliferation into that enriched zones occupied by other plants constitutes interplant overlapping rooting zones and thereby the overlapping depletion zones, causing reduction in resource uptake by neighboring plants. By incorporating this mechanism into the classic resource competition model, we study interplant direct competition through their rooting system in an overlapping depletion zone. The model results indicate an extension of Tilman’s R* rule that has already been proved true when plants compete indirectly through their effect on shared resources. The results reveal that plant’s direct competitive ability (i.e., the ability to occupy an overlapping depletion zone by excluding others) can be characterized by its R*-value, where a best competitor having lowest R*-value excludes others from an overlapping zone and occupies the zone by depleting the resource level to the lowest as in its non-overlapping depletion zone. By analyzing the model, we find a suite of traits that confers R* variation among directly competing plants. This suite of traits would be a useful proxy measure for R* that do not necessarily require to establish equilibrium field monoculture—a requirement for R* measurement in the field.

关键词： resource capture efficiency niche differentiation root proliferation resource depletion zone

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Topographic species-habitat associations of tree species in a heterogeneous tropical karst seasonal rain forest, China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第3期10卷 450-460页

作者： Yili Guo Bin Wang Azim U.Mallik Fuzhao Huang Wusheng Xiang Tao Ding Shujun Wen Shuhua Lu Dongxing Li Yunlin He Xiankun Li Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain Guangxi Institute of BotanyGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilin 541006China Guangxi Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem National Research Station Pingxiang 532600China Department of Biology Lakehead UniversityThunder BayOntario P7B 5E1Canada

Aims Tropical and subtropical karst forests of south China are under increas-ing pressure from over-exploitation causing widespread habitat degra-dation and biodiversity *** research has demonstrated that topography,as a proxy for resource availability,plays an important role in shaping tree species distributions in tropical ***,the association between growth stages and habitats types has not been considered in this *** aim was to examine the differences among different habitat types to determine whether tree species show similar species-habitat associations at young and mature life *** We used multivariate regression tree analysis to examined species-habitat associations among eight topographically defined *** results were tested with a torus-translation test and canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)for 74 species in a 15 ha karst tropi-cal seasonal rain forest at the Nonggang National Natural Reserve in south *** considered two life stages(young and mature)of trees species that showed a positive association with *** Findings We found marked differences in community characteristics and number of associations among the eight *** the 74 species subjected to torus-translation test,63 had significant positive and 70 had significant negative associations with one or more of the eight *** associations were more frequent in higher elevation habitats and negative associations were more frequent in lower eleva-tion *** suggests that edaphic and hydrological variation related to topography play important roles in habitat partitioning in heterogeneous karst *** the 63 tree species with significant positive associations to at least one habitat,40 of them had the same positive association at young and mature life *** CCA revealed that the six topographic variables considered had consistent relation-ships with species distribution among all individuals and the

关键词： multivariate regression tree torus-translation test canonical correspondence analysis niche differentiation dispersal limitation environmental heterogeneity

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Habitat associations of saplings and adults in an old-growth temperate forest in the Changbai mountains, northeastern China

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Forestry Studies in China 2011年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： YE Ji HAO Zhan-qing XIE Peng LI Jing-gong Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 E R. China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 R R. China Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences Changchun 130033 R R. China The Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve Administration Changbaishan 113613 R R. China

Species-habitat association analysis is useful to detect spatial arrangement of individual plants, to discover rules about the distribution of species and to generate hypotheses about the possible underlying process controlling observed structures. Quantifying methods were used to classify habitats in terms of topographical variables in a mixed temperate broad-leaved Korean pine forest of the Changbai mountains in northeastern China. All of the 625 20 m × 20 m quadrats of the plot could be unambiguously assigned to one of three habitat categories （low-plateau, high-plateau and slope）. Torus-translation tests were used to estimate species-habitat associations. Many species are clearly distributed in a biased fashion with respect to habitats. Fifteen （55.6%） out of 27 species showed strong positive or negative association with specific habitats. We compared species-habitat associations at the sapling and adult stages. Adjusted density values indicated few species exhibit extremely strong habitat associations. Only 9 out of 26 species had adjusted densities 〉 3 in the habitat for which they had strong positive affinity. Few species show the same associations at the small tree and large tree stages. Only 3 out of 22 occurring associations with a specific habitat appeared to have a consistent habitat association at the two stages. These results suggest that species-habitat associations exist in the 25-ha plot of the temperate forest of the Chang- bai mountains. Owing to limitations in our statistical methodology, we partly underestimated associations by ignoring rare species. Regeneration niches can contribute to co-existence, but regeneration niches due to habitat associations play a limited role in species co-existence, since most species show a similar trend in habitat associations at the sapling and adult stages. We should pay more attention to shifts in habitat associations, i.e. niche shifts at different stages of existence.

关键词： niche differentiation habitat association environmental heterogeneity saplings and adults life stages

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