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A newsvendor with Priority Classes and Shortage Cost

American Journal of Operations Research 2015年第5期5卷 337-346页

作者： Bo Li Pillaiboothamgudi Sundararaghavan Udayan Nandkeolyar Ashland University Ashland OH USA University of Toledo Toledo OH USA

We consider an extension of the standard newsvendor problem by allowing for multiple classes of customers. The product is first sold to customers with the highest priority, and the remaining units (if any) are sold at a discounted price to customers in decreasing order of priority until all classes of customers have been served, limited only by the available stock. Unsold items, if any, have a salvage value. The demands of different priority customers are independent random variables with known probability distributions. The problem is to find the purchase quantity that maximizes the expected profit. We show that this problem actually reduces to the standard newsvendor problem with the demand distribution being a mixture of the input demand distributions. Since this mixture of distributions is typically hard to handle analytically, we propose a simple general heuristic which can be implemented using different types of distributions. Some of these implementations produce near optimal solutions. We tested these implementations for the case of two demand classes of customers and found that they outperform previously published heuristics in almost all instances. We suggest applications for this model in the Chinese pharmaceutical industry, apparel industry, and perishable goods among others. We also propose an extension involving shortage cost.

关键词： newsvendor Problem Priority Demand Classes Mixture Distribution Heuristics

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Risk-Averse newsvendor Model with Strategic Consumers

Risk-Averse Newsvendor Model with Strategic Consumers

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2011 Chinese Control and Decision Conference（CCDC）

作者： Tie Wang is with Faculty of Mathematics and Phd Candidate in Management Science and Engineering,Liaoning University,110036 Shenyang and Shanghai University,200444 Shanghai China Qiying Hu is with the Department of Management Science,Fudan University,Shanghai,200433,China

The newsvendor problem is a fundamental building block for inventory management with a stochastic *** classic newsvendor problem focuses on maximizing the expected profit or minimizing the expected cost when she faces myopic ***,it ignores the customer’s bargain-hunting behavior and risk preference measure of *** a result,we carry out the rational expectation （RE） equilibrium analysis for risk-averse newsvendor facing forward-looking customers who anticipate future sales and choose purchasing timing to maximize their expected *** propose the equilibrium price and quantity for the case where demand follows the uniform distribution and utility is power *** identify the impact the system parameters on the RE equilibrium decisions for this specific situation.

关键词： Strategic customer behavior Risk attitude newsvendor Rational expectation

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Demand change detection and inventory costs minimization

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Journal of Southeast University(English Edition) 2016年第3期32卷 385-390页

作者：隽志如王海燕东南大学经济管理学院南京210096

To minimize the inventory costs of detecting demand change, an acceptance/rejection method （ threshold） is proposed. The proposed threshold can be identified by the newsvendor based on the excess cost, the shortage cost, the transitional probability of the demand change, and the magnitude of the demand change. Compared with the single exponential smoothing method, it is proved that the proposed method can save many more inventory costs when detecting a step change in demand. By analyzing the proposed method, it shows that as the magnitude of step change increases, the supply chain members turn to synchronously judge a step change, and as excess （ shortage） cost increases, a newsvendor tends to respond slowly （early） to an increase in demand and responds early （slowly） to a decrease in demand. Observations from this study suggest that supply chain members should pay careful attention to different profit-margin products and different magnitude demand changes in cooperating and sharing demand information with others.

关键词： demand detection demand change inventory costminimization newsvendor

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Experimental analysis of decision-making for demand chasing in order behaviors

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Journal of Chongqing University 2017年第4期16卷 164-179页

作者：张光远 DINGXiao-dong ZHUANG He 王坤 GONG Di School of Transportation and Logistics Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031P.R.China National United Engineering Laboratory of Integrated and Intelligent Transportation Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031P.R.China Transportation&Economics Research Institute China Academy of Railway SciencesBeijing 100089P.R.China Wuhan Railway Bureau Group Co.Ltd. Wuhan 430071P.R.China

The traditional newsvendor model assumes that a decision-maker is risk-neutral. However, in actuality, a decisionmaker's order behavior is often influenced by waste-averse preference and stockout-averse preference. We extend the newsvendor model with consideration of averse preferences to investigate how the decision results of the previous period impact the order behavior of the current period, and design an inventory decision-making behavior experiment. Results from the study demonstrate that the order behavior of both a group and an individual exhibits a demand chasing phenomenon, and the former is more significant. Through the interval estimation of the decision maker's order quantity, by the maximum likelihood method we find that the stockout-averse preference has an effect on the decision-making when the prior period is insufficient, causing the current period order quantity larger than the expected profit-maximizing order quantity. In a similar way, waste-averse preference has an effect on decision-making when the prior period is surplus, resulting in the current period order quantity smaller than the expected profit-maximizing order quantity. Finally, we investigate the formation mechanism of demand chasing phenomenon from the perspective of the averse preferences, and propose that this phenomenon is a decision maker's cognitive reaction to stochastic demand environment.

关键词： newsvendor model averse preference demand chasing behavior experiment

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关于供应链定量模型的综述

关于供应链定量模型的综述

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第二届不确定系统年会

作者：谢磊中国科学技术大学数学系

这篇论文是供应链定量模型的综述。在综合当前的研究模型基础上,文章涉及了供应链管理的几个主要领域:库存理论,供应合同,信息共享和产品管理以及国际运作。最后,提了一些对将来研究的想法。

关键词：供应链管理库存理论供应合同 newsvendor 牛鞭效应

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