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Nitrogen uptake by phytoplankton in surface waters of the Indian sector of Southern Ocean during austral summer

Frontiers of Earth Science 2018年第1期12卷 52-62页

作者： S. C. TRIPATHY SIVAJI PATRA K. VISHNU VARDHAN A. SARKAR R. K. MISHRA N. ANILKUMAR ESSO-National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research Ministry of Earth Sciences Headland Sada Vasco-da-Gama Goa 403804 India ESSO-Integrated Coastal and Marine Area Management-PD Ministry of Earth Sciences NIOT Campus Velachery Pallikaranai Chennai 600100 India

This study reports the nitrogen uptake rate （using 15N tracer） of phytoplankton in surface waters of different frontal zones in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean （SO） during austral summer of 2013. The investigated area encompasses four major frontal systems, i.e., the subtropical front （STF）, subantarctic front （SAF）, polar front-1 （PF1） and polar front-2 （PF2）. Southward decrease of surface water temperature was observed, whereas surface salinity did not show any significant trend. Nutrient （NO3- and SiO44-） concentrations increased southward from STF to PF; while ammonium （NH4＋）, nitrite （NO2-） and phosphate （PO433 remained compara- tively stable. Analysis of nutrient ratios indicated potential N-limited conditions at the STF and SAF but no such scenario was observed for PF. In terms of phytoplankton biomass, PF1 was found to be the most productive followed by SAF, whereas PF2 was the least productive region. Nitrate uptake rate increased with increasing latitude, as no systematic spatial variation was discerned for NH4＋ and urea （CO（NH2）2）. Linear relationship between nitrate and total N-uptake reveals that the studied area is capable of exporting up to 60% of the total production to the deep ocean if the environmental settings are favorable. Like N-uptake rates the f-ratio also increased towards PF region indicating comparatively higher new production in the PF than in the subtropics. The moderately high averagefiratio （0.53） indicates potentially near equal contributions by new production and regenerated production to the total productivity in the study area. Elevation in N-uptake rates with declining temperature suggests that the SO with its vast quantity of cool water could play an important role in drawing down the atmospheric CO2 through the ＂solubility pump＂.

关键词： nitrogen uptake f-ratio new productivity,frontal zones Southern Ocean

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