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Successful use of closed-loop allostatic neurotechnology for post-traumatic stress symptoms in military personnel： self-reported and autonomic improvements

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Military Medical Research 2018年第1期5卷 1-12页

作者： Catherine L.Tegeler Lee Gerdes Hossam A.Shaltout Jared F.Cook Sean L.Simpson Sung W.Lee Charles H.Tegeler Department of Neurology Wake Forest School of Medicine Medical Center Boulevard Winston-Salem NC 27157 USA Brain State Technologies LLC 15150 North Hayden Road Scottsdale AZ 85260USA Hypertension and Vascular Research Center Wake Forest School of Medicine Medical Center Boulevard Winston-Salem NC 27157USA Department of Biostatistical Sciences Wake Forest School of Medicine Medical Center Boulevard Winston-Salem NC 27157 USA

Background:Military-related post-traumatic stress(PTS)is associated with numerous symptom clusters and diminished autonomic cardiovascular ***,relational,resonance-based,electroencephalic mirroringis a noninvasive,closed-loop,allostatic,acoustic stimulation neurotechnology that produces realtime translation of dominant brain frequencies into audible tones of variable pitch and timing to support the autocalibration of neural *** report clinical,autonomic,and functional effects after the use offor symptoms of military-related ***:Eighteen service members or recent veterans(15 active-duty,3 veterans,most from special operations,1 female),with a mean age of 40.9(SD=6.9)years and symptoms of PTS lasting from 1 to 25 years,undertook19.5(SD=1.1)sessions over 12 *** for symptoms of PTS(Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist–Military version,PCL-M),insomnia(Insomnia Severity Index,ISI),depression(Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale,CES-D),and anxiety(Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale,GAD-7)were collected before(Visit1,V1),immediately after(Visit2,V2),and at 1 month(Visit3,V3),3(Visit4,V4),and 6(Visit5,V5)months after intervention *** measures only taken at V1 and V2 included blood pressure and heart rate recordings to analyze heart rate variability(HRV)and baroreflex sensitivity(BRS),functional performance(reaction and grip strength)testing,blood and saliva for biomarkers of stress and inflammation,and blood for epigenetic *** t-tests,Wilcoxon signed-rank tests,and a repeated-measures ANOVA were ***:Clinically relevant,significant reductions in all symptom scores were observed at V2,with durability through *** were significant improvements in multiple measures of HRV and BRS[Standard deviation of the normal beat to normal beat interval(SDNN),root mean square of the successive differences(rMSSD),high frequency(HF),low frequency(LF),and total power,HF alpha,

关键词： neurotechnology Allostasis Autonomic Heart rate variability Baroreflex sensitivity Closed-loop Acoustic stimulation Military Post-traumatic stress disorder HIRREM

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Nano functional neural interfaces

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5065-5106页

作者： Yongchen Wang Hanlin Zhu Huiran Yang Aaron D. Argall Lan Luan Chong Xie Liang Guo Department of Biomedical Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus 43210 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin 78712 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus 43210 USA Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics and Institute of Advanced Materials Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program The Ohio State University Columbus 43210 USA Department of Neuroscience The Ohio State University Columbus 43210 USA

Engineered functional neural interfaces （fNIs） serve as essential abiotic-biotic transducers between an engineered system and the nervous system. They convert external physical stimuli to cellular signals in stimulation mode or read out biological processes in recording mode. Information can be exchanged using electricity, light, magnetic fields, mechanical forces, heat, or chemical signals. fNIs have found applications for studying processes in neural circuits from cell cultures to organs to whole organisms, fNI-facilitated signal transduction schemes, coupled with easily manipulable and observable external physical signals, have attracted considerable attention in recent years. This enticing field is rapidly evolving toward miniaturization and biomimicry to achieve long-term interface stability with great signal transduction efficiency. Not only has a new generation of neuroelectrodes been invented, but the use of advanced fNIs that explore other physical modalities of neuromodulation and recording has begun to increase. This review covers these exciting developments and applications of fNIs that rely on nanoelectrodes, nanotransducers, or bionanotransducers to establish an interface with the nervous system. These nano fNIs are promising in offering a high spatial resolution, high target specificity, and high communication bandwidth by allowing for a high density and count of signal channels with minimum material volume and area to dramatically improve the chronic integration of the fNI to the target neural tissue. Such demanding advances in nano fNIs will greatly facilitate new opportunities not only for studying basic neuroscience but also for diagnosing and treating various neurological diseases.

关键词： neural interface neurotechnology nanoelectrode nanomaterial neural recording neural stimulation

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Systems Neuroengineering: Understanding and Interacting with the Brain

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Engineering 2015年第3期1卷 292-308页

作者： Bradley J.Edelman Nessa Johnson Abbas Sohrabpour Shanbao Tong Nitish Thakor Bin He Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University SINAPSE Institute National University of Singapore Institute for Engineering in Medicine University of Minnesota

In this paper, we review the current state- of-the-art techniques used for understanding the inner workings of the brain at a systems level. The neural activity that governs our everyday lives involves an intricate coordination of many processes that can be attributed to a variety of brain regions. On the surface, many of these functions can appear to be controlled by specific anatomical structures; however, in reality, numerous dynamic networks within the brain contribute to its function through an interconnected web of neuronal and synaptic pathways. The brain, in its healthy or pathological state, can therefore be best understood by taking a systems-level approach. While numerous neuroengineering technologies exist, we focus here on three major thrusts in the field of systems neuroengineering： neuroimaging, neural interfacing, and neuromodulation. Neuroimaging enables us to delineate the structural and functional organization of the brain, which is key in understanding how the neural system functions in both normal and disease states. Based on such knowledge, devices can be used either to communicate with the neural system, as in neural interface systems, or to modulate brain activity, as in neuromodulation systems. The consideration of these three fields is key to the development and application of neuro-devices. Feedback-based neuro-devices require the ability to sense neural activity （via a neuroimaging modality） through a neural interface （invasive or noninvasive） and ultimately to select a set of stimulation parameters in order to alter neural function via a neuromodulation modality. Systems neuroengineering refers to the use of engineering tools and technologies to image, decode, and modulate the brain in order to comprehend its functions and to repair its dysfunction. Interactions between these fields will help to shape the future of systems neuroengineering--to develop neurotechniques for enhancing the understanding of whole- brain function and dysfunctio

关键词： systems neuroengineering neuroimaging neural interface neuromodulation neurotechnology brain-computer interface brain-machine interface neural stimulation

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