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net primary production in three bioenergy crop systems following land conversion

Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第5期7卷 451-460页

作者： Michael W.Deal Jianye Xu Ranjeet John Terenzio Zenone Jiquan Chen Housen Chu Poonam Jasrotia Kevin Kahmark Jonathan Bossenbroek Christine Mayer Department of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo2801 West Bancroft StreetMail Stop 604ToledoOH 43606USA Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University164 Food Safety and Toxicology BuildingEast LansingMI 48824USA W.K.Kellogg Biological Station Michigan State University3700 East Gull Lake DriveHickory CornersMI 49060USA

Aims Identifying the amount of production and the partitioning to above-and belowground biomass is generally the first step toward select-ing bioenergy *** are very few existing studies on the dynamics of production following land *** objectives of this study were to(i)determine the differences in aboveground net primary production(ANPP),belowground net primary produc-tion(BNPP),shoot-to-root ratio(S:R)and leaf area index in three bioenergy crop systems and(ii)evaluate the production of these three systems in two different land use *** This investigation included biometric analysis of NPP on three agri-cultural sites converted from conservation reserve program(CRP)management to bioenergy crop production(corn,switchgrass and prairie mix)and three sites converted from traditional agriculture production to bioenergy crop *** findings The site converted from conventional agriculture produced smaller ANPP in corn(19.03±1.90 standard error[SE]Mg ha^(−1) year^(−1))than the site converted from CRP to corn(24.54±1.43 SE Mg ha^(−1) year^(−1)).The two land conversions were similar in terms of ANPP for switchgrass(4.88±0.43 SE for CRP and 2.04±0.23 SE Mg ha^(−1) year^(−1) for agriculture)and ANPP for prairie mix(4.70±0.50 SE for CRP and 3.38±0.33 SE Mg ha^(−1) year^(−1) for agriculture).The BNPP at the end of the growing season in all the bioenergy crop systems was not significantly different(P=0.75,N=8).

关键词： bioenergy crops land use change net primary production aboveground net primary production belowground net primary production

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Linkages between the biomass of Scomber japonicus and net primary production in the southern East China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第10期33卷 43-48页

作者： GUAN Wenjiang CHEN Xinjun GAO Feng LI Gang College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean University Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources Ministry of Education

Fish biomass is a critical component of fishery stock assessment and management and it is often estimated from ocean primary production（OPP）. However, the relationship between the biomass of a fish stock and OPP is always complicated due to a variety of trophic controls in the ecosystem. In this paper, we examine the quantitative relationship between the biomass of chub mackerel（Scomber japonicus） and net primary production（NPP） in the southern East China Sea（SECS）, using catch and effort data from the Chinese mainland large light-purse seine fishery logbook and NPP derived from remote sensing. We further discuss the mechanisms of trophic control in regulating this relationship. The results show a significant non-linear relationship exists between standardized CPUE（Catch-Per-Unit-Effort） and NPP（P〈0.05）. This relationship can be described by a convex parabolic curve, where the biomass of chub mackerel increases with NPP to a maximum and then decreases when the NPP exceeds this point. The results imply that the ecosystem in the SECS is subject to complex trophic controls. We speculate that the change in abundance of key species at intermediate trophic levels and/or interspecific competition might contribute to this complex relationship.

关键词： southern East China Sea net primary production Scomber japonicus biomass

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Effects of Climate Change and Shifts in Forest Composition on Forest net primary production

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1426-1439页

作者： Jyh-Min Chiang Louts R.Iverson Anantha Prasad Kim J.Brown Department of Environmental and Plant Biology Ohio University United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northern Research Station Department of Life Science Tunghai University

Forests are dynamic in both structure and species composition, and these dynamics are strongly influenced by climate. However, the net effects of future tree species composition on net primary production （NPP） are not well understood. The objective of this work was to model the potential range shifts of tree species （DISTRIB Model） and predict their impacts on NPP （Pnet-Ⅱ Model） that will be associated with alterations in species composition. We selected four 200 × 200 km areas in Wisconsin, Maine, Arkansas, and the Ohio-West Virginia area, representing focal areas of potential species range shifts. Pnet-Ⅱ model simulations were carried out assuming that all forests achieved steady state, of which the species compositions were predicted by DISTRIB model with no migration limitation. The total NPP under the current climate ranged from 552 to 908 g C/m^2 per year. The effects of potential species redistributions on NPP were moderate （-12% to ＋8%） compared with the influence of future climatic changes （-60% to ＋25%）. The direction and magnitude of climate change effects on NPP were largely dependent on the degree of warming and water balance. Thus, the magnitude of future climate change can affect the feedback system between the atmosphere and biosphere.

关键词： carbon sequestration climate change leaf traits net primary production tree species range shifts.

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Aboveground biomass and net primary production of semi-evergreen tropical forest of Manipur, north-eastern India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2009年第A2期20卷 151-155,I0003页

作者： L. Supriya Devi, P.S Yadava Department of Life Sciences Manipur University Imphal - 795003 Manipur India

The aboveground biomass dynamics and net primary productivity were investigated to assess the productive potential of Diptero- carpus forest in Manipur, Northeast India. Two forest stands （stand Ⅰ and Ⅱ） were earmarked randomly in the study site for the evaluation of biomass in the different girth classes of tree species by harvest method. The total biomass was 22.50 ***^-1 and 18.27 ***^-1 in forest stand I and II respectively. Annual aboveground net primary production varied from 8.86 to 10.43 ***^-1 respectively in two forest stands （stand Ⅰ and Ⅱ）. In the present study, the values of production efficiency and the biomass accumulation ratio indicate that the forest is at succession stage with high productive potential.

关键词： biomass net primary production accumulation production efficiency

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Recent patterns of terrestrial net primary production in Africa influenced by multiple environmental changes

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2015年第5期1卷 34-48页

作者： Shufen Pan Shree R.S.Dangal Bo Tao Jia Yang Hanqin Tian International Center for Climate and Global Change Research School of Forestry and Wildlife SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabama 36849 USA

Terrestrial net primary production(NPP)is of fundamental importance to food security and ecosystem ***,little is known about how terrestrial NPP in African ecosystems has responded to recent changes in climate and other environmental ***,we used an integrated ecosystem model(the dynamic land ecosystem model;DLEM)to simulate the dynamic variations in terrestrial NPP of African ecosystems driven by climate and other environmental factors during *** estimate a terrestrial NPP of 10.22(minimum-maximum range of 8.9-11.3)Pg C/yr during the study *** results show that precipitation variability had a significant effect on terrestrial NPP,explaining 74%of interannual variations in *** the 30-yr period,African ecosystems experienced an increase in NPP of 0.03 Pg C/yr,resulting from the combined effects of climate variability,elevated atmospheric CO_(2)concentration,and nitrogen *** further analyses show that there is a difference in NPP of 1.6 Pg C/yr between wet and dry years,indicating that interannual climatic variations play an important role in determining the magnitude of terrestrial *** Africa,dominated by tropical forests,was the most productive region and accounted for 50%of the carbon sequestered as NPP in *** results indicate that warmer and wetter climatic conditions,together with elevated atmospheric CO_(2)concentration and nitrogen deposition,have resulted in a significant increase in African terrestrial NPP during 1980-2009,with the largest contribution from tropical forests.

关键词： Africa climate change dynamic land ecosystem model elevated CO_(2)concentration net primary production terrestrial ecosystems

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Assessment of effectiveness of nature reserves on the Tibetan Plateau based on net primary production and the large sample comparison method

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2016年第1期26卷 27-44页

作者：张镱锂胡忠俊祁威吴雪摆万奇李兰晖丁明军刘林山王兆锋郑度 Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCAS CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research Ministry of EducationJiangxi Normal University

Twenty-one typical coupled large samples were chosen from areas within and surrounding nature reserves on the Tibetan Plateau using the large sample comparison method(LSCM).To evaluate the effectiveness of the nature reserves in protecting the ecological environment,the alpine grassland net primary production(NPP) of these coupled samples were compared and the differences between them before and after their establishment as protected areas were *** results showed that:(1) With respect to the alpine grassland NPP,the ecological and environmental conditions of most nature reserves were more fragile than those of the surrounding areas and also lower than the average values for the Tibetan Plateau.(2) Of the 11 typical nature reserves selected,the positive trend in the NPP for Manzetang was the most significant,whereas there was no obvious trend in *** the exception of Selincuo,the annual NPP growth rate in the nature reserves covered by alpine meadow and wetland was higher than that in nature reserves consisting of alpine steppe and alpine desert.(3) There were notable findings in 21 typical coupled samples:(a) After the establishment of the nature reserves,the annual rate of increase in the NPP in 76% of samples inside nature reserves and 82% of samples inside national nature reserves was higher than that of the corresponding samples outside nature reserves.(b) The effectiveness of ecological protection of the Mid-Kunlun,Changshagongma,Zoige and Selincuo(Selin Co) nature reserves was significant; the effectiveness of protection was relatively sig-nificant in most parts of the Sanjiangyuan and Qiangtang nature reserves,whereas in south-east Manzetang and north Taxkorgan the protection effectiveness was not obvious.(c) The ecological protection effectiveness was significant in nature reserves consisting of alpine meadow,but was weak in nature reserves covered by alpine *** study also shows that the advantage of large sample comparison method

关键词： nature reserves protection effectiveness large sample comparison method net primary production Tibetan Plateau

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Spatial and temporal variability in the net primary production of alpine grassland on the Tibetan Plateau since 1982

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2014年第2期24卷 269-287页

作者： ZHANG Yili QI Wei ZHOU Caiping DING Mingjun LIU Linshan GAO Jungang BAI Wanqi WANG Zhaofeng ZHENG Du Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330028 China

Based on the GIMMS AVHRR NDVI data （8 km spatial resolution） for 1982-2000, the SPOT VEGETATION NDVI data （1 km spatial resolution） for 1998-2009, and observa- tional plant biomass data, the CASA model was used to model changes in alpine grassland net primary production （NPP） on the Tibetan Plateau （TP）. This study will help to evaluate the health conditions of the alpine grassland ecosystem, and is of great importance to the pro- motion of sustainable development of plateau pasture and to the understanding of the func- tion of the national ecological security shelter on the TP. The spatio-temporal characteristics of NPP change were investigated using spatial statistical analysis, separately on the basis of physico-geographical factors （natural zone, altitude, latitude and longitude）, river basin, and county-level administrative area. Data processing was carried out using an ENVI 4.8 platform, while an ArcGIS 9.3 and ANUSPLIN platform was used to conduct the spatial analysis and mapping. The primary results are as follows：（1） The NPP of alpine grassland on the TP gradually decreases from the southeast to the northwest, which corresponds to gradients in precipitation and temperature. From 1982 to 2009, the average annual total NPP in the TP alpine grassland was 177.2x1012 gC yrl（yr represents year）, while the average annual NPP was 120.8 gC m^-2 yr^-1. （2） The annual NPP in alpine grassland on the TP fluctuates from year to year but shows an overall positive trend ranging from 114.7 gC m^-2 yr^-1 in 1982 to 129.9 gC m^-2 yr^-1 in 2009, with an overall increase of 13.3%; 32.56% of the total alpine grassland on the TP showed a significant increase in NPP, while only 5.55% showed a significant decrease over this 28-year period. （3） Spatio-temporal characteristics are an important control on an- nual NPP in alpine grassland： a） NPP increased in most of the natural zones on the TP, only showing a slight decrease in the Ngari montane desert-steppe and desert zone. The pos

关键词： Tibetan Plateau net primary production CASA model spatio-temporal patterns NPP trends

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Assessing net primary production in Montane Wetlands from Proximal, Airborne, and Satellite Remote Sensing

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2016年第2期5卷 118-130页

作者： Michael Maguigan John Rodgers Padmanava Dash Qingmin Meng National Strategic Planning and Analysis Research Center Mississippi State University Starkville MS USA Department of Geosciences Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA

In this study, several vegetation indices were examined in order to determine the most sensitive vegetation index for monitoring southern Appalachian wetlands. Three levels of platforms (in situ, airborne, and satellite) for sensors were also examined in conjunction with vegetation indices. net primary production (NPP) data were gathered to use as a measure of wetland function. Along with the in situ radiometers, National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) data and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data were gathered in order to calculate vegetation indices at three platforms. At the in situ level, VARI700 was the most sensitive vegetation index in terms of NPP (r2 = 0.65, p 2 = 0.35, p = 0.11). At the satellite level, the DVI appeared to have a positive relationship with NPP. For most indices there was a drop in the coefficient of determination with NPP when the platform altitude increased, with the exception of NDVI when increasing altitude from in situ to airborne. This study provides a novel methodology comparing reflectance and vegetation indices at three platform levels.

关键词： net primary production Montane Wetland In Situ Airborne Satellite

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Climate-Vegetation Interannual Variability in a Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean-Land Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第3期26卷 599-612页

作者：智海王盘兴丹利俞永强徐永福郑伟鹏 Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 The National Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 START Regional Center for Temperate East Asia and Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environmentfor Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 The State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029

The coupled models of both the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System （GOALS） and the Atmosphere- Vegetation Interaction Model （GOALS-AVIM） are used to study the main characteristics of interannual variations. The simulated results are also used to investigate some significant interannual variability and correlation analysis of the atmospheric circulation and terrestrial ecosystem. By comparing the simulations of the climate model GOALS-AVIM and GOALS, it is known that the simulated results of the interannual variations of the spatial and temporal distributions of the surface air temperatures and precipitation are generally improved by using AVIM in GOALS-AVIM. The interannual variation displays some distinct characteristics of the geographical distribution. Both the net primary production （NPP） and the Leap Area Index （LAI） have quasi 1-2-year cycles. Meanwhile, precipitation and the surface temperatures have 2-4- year cycles. Conditions when the spectrum density values of GOALS are less than those of GOALS-AVIM, tell us that the model coupled with AVIM enhances the simulative capability for interannual variability and makes the annual cycle variability more apparent. Using Singular Value Decomposition （SVD） analysis, the relationship between the ecosystem and the atmospheric circulation in East Asia is explored. The result shows that the strengthening and weakening of the East Asian monsoon, characterized by the geopotential heights at 500 hPa and the wind fields at 850 hPa, correspond to the spatiotemporal pattern of the NPP. The correlation between NPP and the air temperature, precipitation and solar radiation are different in interannual variability because of the variation in vegetation types.

关键词： interannual variability net primary production atmosphere-vegetation interaction model twoway interaction

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Modeling grassland net primary productivity and water-use efficiency along an elevational gradient of the Northern Tianshan Mountains

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第3期5卷 354-365页

作者： QiFei HAN GePing LUO ChaoFan LI Hui YE YaoLiang CHEN State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Mountainous ecosystems are considered highly sensitive and vulnerable to natural disasters and cli- rnatic changes. Therefore, quantifying the effects of elevation on grassland productivity to understand ecosys- tem-climate interactions is vital for mountainous ecosystems. Water-use efficiency （WUE） provides a useful index for understanding the metabolism of terrestrial ecosystems as well as for evaluating the degradation of grasslands. This paper explored net primary productivity （NPP） and WUE in grasslands along an elevational gradient ranging from 400 to 3,400 m asl in the northern Tianshan Mountains-southern Junggar Basin （TMJB）, Xinjiang of China, using the Biome-BGC model. The results showed that： 1 ） the NPP increased by 0.05 g C/（m2-a） with every increase of 1-m elevation, reached the maximum at the mid-high elevation （1,600 m asl）, and then decreased by 0.06 g C/（m2.a） per 1-m increase in elevation; 2） the grassland NPP was positively correlated with temperature in alpine meadow （AM, 2,700-3,500 m asl）, mid-mountain forest meadow （MMFM, 1,650-2,700 m asl） and low-mountain dry grassland （LMDG, 650-1,650 m asl）, while positive correlations were found between NPP and annual precipitation in plain desert grassland （PDG, lower than 650 m asl）; 3） an increase （from 0.08 to 1.09 g C/（m2.a）） in mean NPP for the grassland in TMJB under a real climate change scenario was observed from 1959 to 2009; and 4） remarkable differences in WUE were found among different elevations, in general, WUE increased with decreasing elevation, because water availability is lower at lower elevations; however, at elevations lower than 540 m asl, we did observe a decreasing trend of WUE with decreasing elevation, which may be due to the sharp changes in canopy cover over this gradient. Our research suggests that the NPP simulated by Biome-BGC is consistent with field data, and the modeling provides an opportunity to further evaluate interactions between environmental factors and ecosystem

关键词： elevational gradient net primary production water-use efficiency climate

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