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Rice science 2008年第2期15卷 119-124页

作者： YANG Fu LIANG Zheng-wei WANG Zhi-chun CHEN Yuan Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 China Da＇an Sodic Land Experiment Station of China Da＇an 131317 China

The net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves and influencing factors under saline sodic soil conditions were investigated at the full heading stage of rice. The net photosynthetic rate of rice leaves showed a double-peak curve in a day in both non-saline sodic and saline sodic soil treatments. The first peak of the net photosynthetic rate appeared at 9：00-10：00 and 9：00 in the saline sodic and non-saline sodic soil treatments, respectively, whereas the second peak both at 14：00. The midday depression of the net photosynthetic rate always appeared regardless of non-saline sodic or saline sodic soil conditions. In addition, the net photosynthetic rate significantly decreased in all day under saline sodic conditions compared with that under non-saline sodic conditions. Some differences were observed in correlation characters between the net photosynthetic rate and all influencing factors during 9：00-13：00. Under non-saline sodic conditions, the diurnal changes of the net photosynthetic rate in a day were mainly caused by stomatal conductance, and the limitation value and the stomatal factors served as determinants; whereas under saline sodic stress, the diurnal changes of the net photosynthetic rate in a day were mainly caused by non stomatal factors including light intensity and air temperature.

关键词： rice saline sodic stress diurnal changes net photosynthetic rate influencing factors relationship

Effects of elevated CO_2 on net photosynthetic rate of trees in Changbai Mountain

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Journal of Forestry Research 1999年第4期10卷 211-213页

作者：王琛瑞韩士杰 Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Applied Ecology Shenyang P.R. China (GRID:grid.9227.e) (ISNI:***)

net photosynthetic rates (NPRs) of four species seedlings, Pinus koraiensis, Ptrius Syvestriformis,Fraxinus mandshuthe and Phellodendron amurense, were measured at different CO2 concentrations and time respectively in Changbai Mountain during the growing season in 1999. The seedlings were cultivated in open-top chambers (OTCs), located outdoors and exposed to natural sunlight. The experimental objects were divided into four groups by tree species. CO2 concentrations in chambers were kept at 500 μL-L-1 and 700 μL-L-1 and contrast chamber and contrast field were set. The results showed that the effects of elevated CO2 on NPR of the trees strongly depended on tree species and time. NPRs of Pin us koreaipsis and Pinus syvestriformis seedfings increased with the rising of CO2 concentration, while that of Phellodron amurense and haus mandshurica increased at some time and decreased at another time.

关键词： Elevated CO_2 net photosynthetic rate Trees Changbai Mountain

Comparison of net photosynthetic rate in Leaves of Soybean with Different Yield Levels

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2012年第3期19卷 14-19页

作者： Li Da-yong Zhang Zhi-an Zheng Dian-jun Jiang Li-yan Wang Yuan-li College of Agronomy Jilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 China Liaoyuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Liaoyuan 136200 Liaoning China

A total of nine soybean （Glycine max （L.） Merr.） cultivars were divided into three yield levels which were planted under the same environmental condition. The net photosynthetic rate was measured by LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The chlorophyll content and specific leaf weight were measured with regular methods. The results showed that the specific leaf weight, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of high yield varieties were higher than those of low yield varieties. The yield had a significantly positive correlation with the net photosynthetic rate. With the improvement of modem technology, the net photosynthetic rate could be measured quickly and exactly. Hence, net photosynthetic rate could be used as an effective index in the selection of high yield soybean.

关键词： soybean yield net photosynthetic rate specific leaf weight chlorophyll content

Relationship Between net photosynthetic rate of Cassava SC205 and Its Physio-ecological Factors

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2014年第2期15卷 243-247页

作者： Yong SONG Xuan LIN Jinhui YANG Yuping DENG Xingyao XIONG Hunan Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization of Crop Hunan Agricultural University College of Horticulture and Landscape Hunan Agricultural University Hunan Provincial Engeneering Research Center for Potato

[Objective]The aim was to measure photosynthetic characters of SC 205, a cassava cultivar, and explore the relationships of the net photosynthetic rate （Pn） with physiological and ecological factors. [Method] The diurnal variations of photosyn-thesis in leaves of SC205 were studied by LICOR-6400 portable photosynthesis system, and the relationships of the net photosynthetic rate （Pn） with physiological and ecological factors were studied by simple correlation analysis and path analysis. [Result] The curve of diurnal variation of Pn showed single peak at 10：00 am at 24.07 μ mol CO2 m2/s, without showing midday depression; the diurnal changes of stomatal conductance （Gs）, transpiration rate （Tr）, leaf temperature （Tl）, air tempera-ture （Ta） and photosynthetic active radiation （PAR） al showed single peak curves, and there were positive relationships of Pn with Gs, Tr, Tl, Ta and PAR. The diur-nal variations of intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci）, atmospheric CO2 concentration （Ca）, relative humidity （RH） showed in a U-shape curve. There were highly signifi-cant positive correlation of Pn with Gs and PAR; the diurnal variation of Pn had highly significant negative correlations with Ci and Ca. The direct impact of physio-logical factors on Pn was as fol ows： Ci＆gt;Gs＆gt;Tl＆gt;Tr, and the direct impact of ecologi-cal factors was RH＆gt;PAR＆gt;Ca＆gt;Ta. [Conclusion] The research showed that Ci, Gs and Tr play very important roles in the changes of Pn among the physiological fac-tors, and PAR and Ca affect the changes of Pn among the ecological factors.

关键词： SC205 net photosynthetic rate Diurnal variation Physiological factors Ecological factors

Intra-specific variations of two Leymus chinensis divergence populations in Songnen Plain, Northeast China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2002年第1期14卷 20-26页

作者： WANG Ren zhong (Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.) Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

Population demography, seed production, biomass allocation, net photosynthesis and transpiration of two Leymus chinensis divergent populations and between two years in Songnen plain, northeast China were compared. Strong differences between the dry 1997 and moist 1998 occurred in vegetative shoot and sexual shoot densities, sexual differentiation and tiller densities, as well as in the lengths of inflorescence, seed numbers per inflorescence, seed weights and biomass allocation in each population respectively ( P 0.05). Excepting the transpiration rate in the early June, the differences between the two populations in net photosynthesis and transpiration rate of vegetative shoots and sexual shoots were strongly significant in the early June and July respectively ( P <0.01). Relative stable variations in population demography and physiological traits between the two populations indicated that they are divergently in the Songnen Plain.

关键词： population demography seed productions biomass allocation net photosynthetic rate transpiration rate Leymus chinensis populations Songnen Plain

Effects of nitrogen application rates and irrigation regimes on grain yield and water use efficiency of maize under alternate partial rootzone irrigation

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第11期19卷 2792-2806页

作者： QI Dong-liang HU Tian-tian SONG Xue Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland Ministry of EducationYangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025P.R.China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China

Faced with the scarcity of water resources and irrational fertilizer use,it is critical to supply plants with water and fertilizer in a coordinated pattern to improve yield with high water use efficiency(WUE).One such method,alternate partial root-zone irrigation(APRI),has been practiced worldwide,but there is limited information on the performance of different irrigation regimes and nitrogen(N)rates under *** objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of varying irrigation regimes and N rates on shoot growth,grain yield and WUE of maize(Zea mays L.)grown under APRI in the Hexi Corridor area of Northwest China in 2014 and *** three N rates were 100,200 and 300 kg N ha–1,designated N1,N2 and N3,*** three irrigation regimes of 45–50%,60–65%and 75–80%field capacity(FC)throughout the maize growing season,designated W1,W2 and W3,respectively,were applied in combination with each N *** results showed that W2 and W3 significantly increased the plant height,stem diameter,crop growth rate,chlorophyll SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),biomass,grain yield,ears per ha,kernels per cob,1000-kernel weight,harvest index,evapotranspiration and leaf area index(LAI)compared to W1 at each N *** N2 and N3 treatments increased those parameters compared to N1 in each irrigation *** the N rate from the N2 to N3 resulted in increased biomass and grain yield under W3 while it had no impact on those under the W1 and W2 *** W3 N3 and W2 N2 and W2 N3 treatments achieved the greatest and the second-greatest biomass and grain yield,*** the N rate significantly enhanced the maximum LAI(LAI at the silking stage)and Pn under W3,suggesting that the interaction of irrigation and fertilizer N management can effectively improve leaf growth and development,and consequently provide high biomass and grain yield of *** W2 N2,W2 N3 and W3 N3 treatments attained the greatest WUE among all the treatments.T

关键词： deficit irrigation nitrogen fertilization leaf area index net photosynthetic rate harvest index Zea mays

Salt Accumulation and Physiology of Naturally Occurring Grasses in Saline Soils in Australia

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Pedosphere 2015年第4期25卷 501-511页

作者： Mohammad S.I.BHUIYAN Anantanarayanan RAMAN Dennis S.HODGKINS David MITCHELL Helen I.NICOL Soil Research Group Charles Sturt University Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation Orange Agricultural Institute NSW Department of Primary Industries

Salinity is a major soil contamination problem in Australia. To explore salinity remediation, we evaluated the concentrations of sodium （Na）, potassium （K）, magnesium （Mg）, and calcium （Ca） in roots and shoots and in the supporting soil of the naturally occurring grasses, Cynodon dactylon and Thinopyrurn ponticum, at two salt-affected sites, Gumble and Cundumbul in central-western New South Wales, Australia. The physiological parameters of the two grass species, including net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, stomatal conductance （gs）, and intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci）, were investigated using one mature leaf from C. dactylon and T. ponticum populations. Increasing salinity levels in the topsoil had a significant influence on Ci and gs, whereas no significant effect occurred on Pn in C. dactylon and T. ponticum. The Pn values in C. dactylon and T. ponticum were greater at Cundumbul than at Gumble. The greater Mg concentration facilitated greater Pn in C. dactylon and T. ponticum populations at Cundumbul than Gumble. With increasing salinity levels in the soil, Na accumulation increased in C. dactylon and T. ponticum. The ratio between K and Na was ~ 1 in roots and shoots of both populations irrespective of the sites. Bioaccumulation factor （BF） and translocation factor （TF） results revealed that K and Na translocations were significantly higher in T. ponticum than in C. dactylon, whereas Ca and Mg translocations were significantly higher in C. dactylon than in T. ponticum. Accumulation of Na, K, Mg, and Ca ions was higher in T. ponticum than in C. dactylon; therefore, we suggest that T. ponticum as a greater salt accumulator than C. dactylon could be used for revegetation and phytoremediation of the salt-affected soils.

关键词： bioaccumulation factor intercellular CO2 concentration net photosynthetic rate phytoremediation revegetation soilcontamination stomatal conductance translocation factor

Nitrogen in Relation to photosynthetic Capacity and Accumulation of Osmoprotectant and Nutrients in Brassica Genotypes Grown Under Salt Stress

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第5期9卷 671-680页

作者： Manzer H Siddiqui Firoz Mohammad M Nasir Khan Mohamed H Al-Whaibi Ali H A Bahkali Department of Botany & Microbiology College of Science King Saud University Plant Physiology Section Department of Botany Aligarh Muslim University

Different strategies of the application of nutrients are required to overcome the adverse effects of mustard （Brassica juncea L.） in response to NaCl stress. The objective of the present study was to determine if different added levels of nitrogen （N） in growth medium could alleviate the adverse effects of salt stress on photosynthetic capacity and accumulation of osmoprotectants and nutrients. 14 days mustard seedlings of salt-sensitive （cv. Chuutki） and salt-tolerant （cv. Radha） genotypes were fed with：（i） 0 mmol L^-1 NaCl ＋ 0 mg N kg^-1 sand （control）, （ii） 90 mmol L^-1 NaCl ＋ 30 mg N kg^-1 sand, （iii） 90 mmol L^-1 NaCl ＋60 mg N kg^-1 sand, （iv） 90 mmol L^-1 NaCl ＋90 mg N kg^-1 sand and （v） 90 mmol L^-1NaCl＋ 120 mg N kg^-1 sand. Under the condition of salinity stress, N application caused a significant ameliorative effect on both genotypes with respect to growth attributes [fresh weight （FW） and dry weight （DW）] and physio-biochemical parameters [percent water content （WC）, net photosynthetic rate （PN）, stomatal conductance （gs）, total chlorophyll （Ch1）, carbonic anhydrase （CA） activity and malondialdehyde （MDA）, nitrogen （N）, potassium （K） and sodium （Na） contents, and K/Na ratio] and yield attributes （number of pods/plant, seeds/pod and seed yield/plant）. The salt-tolerant genotype exhibited maximum value for growth, physio-biochemical and yield attributes at 60 mg N kg 1 sand than that of salt-sensitive genotype. These results suggest that application of N may ameliorate most of the attributes and prove to be a physiological remedy to increase the tolerance against the ill effects of salt stress in Brassicas.

关键词： Brassica juncea L. carbonic anhydrase activity malondialdehyde net photosynthetic rate osmoprotectants,salt stress

Relations Between photosynthetic Parameters and Seed Yields of Adzuki Bean Cultivars (Vigna angularis)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第9期11卷 1453-1461页

作者： SONG Hui GAO Jin-feng GAO Xiao-li DAI Hui-ping ZHANG Pan-an FENG Bai-li WANG Peng-ke CHAI Yan State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Agriculture Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 P.R.China College of Life Science Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100 P.R.China

The study comparatively examined the leaf photosynthetic capacities of different adzuki bean cultivars, high-yield 2000-75 and Jihong 9218, and low-yield Hongbao 1 and Wanxuan 1 from flowering to ripening. It showed that after flowering, the leaves of the cultivars gradually aged, the leaf chlorophyll （Chl.）, soluble protein （SP） contents, net photosynthetic rates （Pn）, transpiration rates （Tr） and stomatal conductance （G） of the cultivars tended to decline, but the leaf intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） of the cultivars tended to rise. The leaf photosynthetic capacities of the cultivars decreased gradually from the lower to the upper nodes. The dry seed yields of the cultivars were positively correlated with their leaf Chl., SP, Pn, and Tr and Gs, and negatively associated with their leaf Ci. At the late growth stages, the high-yield cultivars maintained higher leaf Chl. contents, SP contents, Pn, Tr, and Gs than the low-yield cultivars, indicating that leaf photosynthetic capacity was one of important yield-affecting factors of adzuki bean. Therefore, it was important for a crop at the crucial stage of yield formation to maintain a high leaf chlorophyll content and a high leaf photosynthetic capacity and delay leaf aging.

关键词： adzuki bean net photosynthetic rate chlorophyll content dry seed yield

Effects of salt and nitrogen on physiological indices and carbon isotope discrimination of wheat cultivars in the northeast of Iran

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第3期19卷 656-667页

作者： Azam BORZOUEI MirAhmad MOUSAVI SHALMANI Ali ESKANDARI Nuclear Agriculture Research School Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute(NSTRI)

In order to study the effects of different levels of salt stress and nitrogen(N) on physiological mechanisms,carbon isotope discrimination(△13C),and yield of two wheat cultivars(cv.),a two-year field experiment was carried out during *** treatments included three levels of salt stress(1.3,5.2,and 10.5 dS m^-1),three levels of N(50,100,and 150 kg N ha-1),and two wheat cultivars,Bam and *** salt stress,N application(100 and 150 kg N ha^-1) produced a significant effect on both cultivars with respect to physiological traits,i.e.,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(gs),chlorophyll index(Cl),Na^+/K^+ ratio as well as the grain yield(GY).The salt-tolerant and-sensitive cultivars exhibited the maximum values of physio-biochemical and yield attributes at 100 and 150 kg N ha-1,*** results of △13C showed a significant difference(P<0.001) between wheat cultivars under the control and salt *** to our result,salt-tolerant cultivar Bam seems to be more efficient in terms of higher GY,Pn,gs,Cl,and lower Na^+/K^+ ratio as well as higher △13C as compared with salt-sensitive cultivar Toos,under salt ***,a significant positive correlation that observed between △13C and GY,indicated that △13C may be an effective index for indirect selection of yield potential in wheat under irrigation regimes with saline water.

关键词： net photosynthetic rate stomatal conductance chlorophyll index carbon isotope discrimination