检索结果-南通市图书馆

Rice science 2008年第2期15卷 119-124页

作者： YANG Fu LIANG Zheng-wei WANG Zhi-chun CHEN Yuan Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 China Da＇an Sodic Land Experiment Station of China Da＇an 131317 China

The net photosynthetic rate of flag leaves and influencing factors under saline sodic soil conditions were investigated at the full heading stage of rice. The net photosynthetic rate of rice leaves showed a double-peak curve in a day in both non-saline sodic and saline sodic soil treatments. The first peak of the net photosynthetic rate appeared at 9：00-10：00 and 9：00 in the saline sodic and non-saline sodic soil treatments, respectively, whereas the second peak both at 14：00. The midday depression of the net photosynthetic rate always appeared regardless of non-saline sodic or saline sodic soil conditions. In addition, the net photosynthetic rate significantly decreased in all day under saline sodic conditions compared with that under non-saline sodic conditions. Some differences were observed in correlation characters between the net photosynthetic rate and all influencing factors during 9：00-13：00. Under non-saline sodic conditions, the diurnal changes of the net photosynthetic rate in a day were mainly caused by stomatal conductance, and the limitation value and the stomatal factors served as determinants; whereas under saline sodic stress, the diurnal changes of the net photosynthetic rate in a day were mainly caused by non stomatal factors including light intensity and air temperature.

关键词： rice saline sodic stress diurnal changes net photosynthetic rate influencing factors relationship

Comparison of net photosynthetic rate in Leaves of Soybean with Different Yield Levels

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2012年第3期19卷 14-19页

作者： Li Da-yong Zhang Zhi-an Zheng Dian-jun Jiang Li-yan Wang Yuan-li College of Agronomy Jilin Agricultural University Changchun 130118 China Liaoyuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Liaoyuan 136200 Liaoning China

A total of nine soybean （Glycine max （L.） Merr.） cultivars were divided into three yield levels which were planted under the same environmental condition. The net photosynthetic rate was measured by LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system. The chlorophyll content and specific leaf weight were measured with regular methods. The results showed that the specific leaf weight, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of high yield varieties were higher than those of low yield varieties. The yield had a significantly positive correlation with the net photosynthetic rate. With the improvement of modem technology, the net photosynthetic rate could be measured quickly and exactly. Hence, net photosynthetic rate could be used as an effective index in the selection of high yield soybean.

关键词： soybean yield net photosynthetic rate specific leaf weight chlorophyll content

Intra-specific variations of two Leymus chinensis divergence populations in Songnen Plain, Northeast China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2002年第1期14卷 20-26页

作者： WANG Ren zhong (Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.) Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

Population demography, seed production, biomass allocation, net photosynthesis and transpiration of two Leymus chinensis divergent populations and between two years in Songnen plain, northeast China were compared. Strong differences between the dry 1997 and moist 1998 occurred in vegetative shoot and sexual shoot densities, sexual differentiation and tiller densities, as well as in the lengths of inflorescence, seed numbers per inflorescence, seed weights and biomass allocation in each population respectively ( P 0.05). Excepting the transpiration rate in the early June, the differences between the two populations in net photosynthesis and transpiration rate of vegetative shoots and sexual shoots were strongly significant in the early June and July respectively ( P <0.01). Relative stable variations in population demography and physiological traits between the two populations indicated that they are divergently in the Songnen Plain.

关键词： population demography seed productions biomass allocation net photosynthetic rate transpiration rate Leymus chinensis populations Songnen Plain

Effect of Salicylic Acid on Salinity-induced Changes in Brassica juncea

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第9期50卷 1096-1102页

作者： Mohammad Yusuf Syed Aiman Hasan Barket Ali Shamsul Hayat Qazi Fariduddin Aqil Ahmad Plant Physiology Section Department of Botany Aligarh Muslim University Department of Applied Sciences Higher College of Technology

Seeds of Indian mustard （Brassicajuncea （L.） Czern. et Coss.） were exposed to 0, 50, 100 and 150 mmol/L NaCI for 8 h and seeds were sown in an earthen pot. These stressed seedlings were subsequently sprayed with 10μmol/L salicylic acid （SA） at 30 d and were sampled at 60 d to assess the changes in growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymes. The seedlings raised from the seeds treated with NaCI had significantly reduced growth and the activities of carbonic anhydrase, nitrate reductase and photosynthesis, and the decrease was proportional to the increase in NaCI concentration. However, the antioxidant enzymes （catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase） and proline content was enhanced in response to NaCI and/or SA treatment, where their interaction had an additive effect. Moreover, the toxic effects generated by the lower concentration of NaCI （50 mmol/L） were completely overcome by the application of SA. It was, therefore, concluded that SA ameliorated the stress generated by NaCl through the alleviated antioxidant system.

关键词： carbonic anhydrase catalase mustard net photosynthetic rate nitrate reductase peroxidase salicylic acid salinity superoxidedismutase.

Effects of nitrogen application rates and irrigation regimes on grain yield and water use efficiency of maize under alternate partial rootzone irrigation

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第11期19卷 2792-2806页

作者： QI Dong-liang HU Tian-tian SONG Xue Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland Ministry of EducationYangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025P.R.China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China

Faced with the scarcity of water resources and irrational fertilizer use,it is critical to supply plants with water and fertilizer in a coordinated pattern to improve yield with high water use efficiency(WUE).One such method,alternate partial root-zone irrigation(APRI),has been practiced worldwide,but there is limited information on the performance of different irrigation regimes and nitrogen(N)rates under APRI.The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of varying irrigation regimes and N rates on shoot growth,grain yield and WUE of maize(Zea mays L.)grown under APRI in the Hexi Corridor area of Northwest China in 2014 and 2015.The three N rates were 100,200 and 300 kg N ha–1,designated N1,N2 and N3,respectively.The three irrigation regimes of 45–50%,60–65%and 75–80%field capacity(FC)throughout the maize growing season,designated W1,W2 and W3,respectively,were applied in combination with each N rate.The results showed that W2 and W3 significantly increased the plant height,stem diameter,crop growth rate,chlorophyll SPAD value,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),biomass,grain yield,ears per ha,kernels per cob,1000-kernel weight,harvest index,evapotranspiration and leaf area index(LAI)compared to W1 at each N rate.The N2 and N3 treatments increased those parameters compared to N1 in each irrigation treatment.Increasing the N rate from the N2 to N3 resulted in increased biomass and grain yield under W3 while it had no impact on those under the W1 and W2 treatments.The W3 N3 and W2 N2 and W2 N3 treatments achieved the greatest and the second-greatest biomass and grain yield,respectively.Increasing the N rate significantly enhanced the maximum LAI(LAI at the silking stage)and Pn under W3,suggesting that the interaction of irrigation and fertilizer N management can effectively improve leaf growth and development,and consequently provide high biomass and grain yield of maize.The W2 N2,W2 N3 and W3 N3 treatments attained the greatest WUE among all the treatments.Thus,either 60–65%FC coupled with 200–300 kg N ha

关键词： deficit irrigation nitrogen fertilization leaf area index net photosynthetic rate harvest index Zea mays

Effect of Water Deficit Stress on photosynthetic Characteristics of Jatropha curcas

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第1期14卷 104-112页

作者： Kesego Makholwa Baleseng Moseki Goitseone Malambane Department of Biological Sciences University of Botswana Private Bag UB Gaborone Botswana Department of Crop Science Botswana University of Agriculture & Natural Resources Gaborone Botswana

The need to mitigate climate change cannot be more emphasized, which arises, as a result of increases in CO2 emissions due to anthropogenic activities. Given the current world energy problems of high fossil fuel consumption which plays a pivotal role in the greenhouse effect, Jatropha curcas biodiesel has been considered a potential alternative source of clean energy (biodiesel is carbon neutral). However, the ability of Jatropha curcas, as a candidate source of alternative of clean energy, to grow in marginal and dry soils, has been poorly elucidated. This study, therefore aimed at investigating whether Jatropha curcas leaves could switch from carrying out C3 photosynthetic pathway to Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) as a strategy to improve its water deficit tolerance. Thirty-five-day-old Jatropha curcas accessions, from three different climatic zones of Botswana, viz., Mmadinare (Central zone), Thamaga (Southern zone) and Maun (Northern zone), were subjected to water stress, by with-holding irrigation with half-strength Hoagland culture solution. net photosynthetic rate, transpiration and stomatal conductance were measured at weekly intervals. The leaf pH was measured to determine whether there was a decrease in pH (leaf acidification) of the leaves during the night, when the plants experienced water deficit stress. All the accessions exhibited marked reduction in all the measured photosynthetic characteristics when experience water deficit stress. However, a measurable CO2 uptake was carried out by leaves of all the accessions, in the wake of marked decreases in stomatal conductance. There is evidence to suggest that when exposed to water stress J. curcas accessions switch from C3 mode of photosynthesis to CAM photosynthetic pathway. This is attested to by the slightly low leaf pH at night. Thamaga accession exhibited an earlier stomatal closure than the other two accessions. This resulted in Thamaga accession displaying a slightly lower dry weight than both Mmadi

关键词： Jatropha curcas Biodiesel Crassulacean Acid Metabolism net photosynthetic rate Stomatal Conductance

Effects of salt and nitrogen on physiological indices and carbon isotope discrimination of wheat cultivars in the northeast of Iran

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第3期19卷 656-667页

作者： Azam BORZOUEI MirAhmad MOUSAVI SHALMANI Ali ESKANDARI Nuclear Agriculture Research School Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute(NSTRI)

In order to study the effects of different levels of salt stress and nitrogen(N) on physiological mechanisms,carbon isotope discrimination(△13C),and yield of two wheat cultivars(cv.),a two-year field experiment was carried out during 2013-2015.The treatments included three levels of salt stress(1.3,5.2,and 10.5 dS m^-1),three levels of N(50,100,and 150 kg N ha-1),and two wheat cultivars,Bam and Toos.Under salt stress,N application(100 and 150 kg N ha^-1) produced a significant effect on both cultivars with respect to physiological traits,i.e.,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(gs),chlorophyll index(Cl),Na^+/K^+ ratio as well as the grain yield(GY).The salt-tolerant and-sensitive cultivars exhibited the maximum values of physio-biochemical and yield attributes at 100 and 150 kg N ha-1,respectively.The results of △13C showed a significant difference(P<0.001) between wheat cultivars under the control and salt stress.According to our result,salt-tolerant cultivar Bam seems to be more efficient in terms of higher GY,Pn,gs,Cl,and lower Na^+/K^+ ratio as well as higher △13C as compared with salt-sensitive cultivar Toos,under salt stress.Therefore,a significant positive correlation that observed between △13C and GY,indicated that △13C may be an effective index for indirect selection of yield potential in wheat under irrigation regimes with saline water.

关键词： net photosynthetic rate stomatal conductance chlorophyll index carbon isotope discrimination

Gas exchange and water relations of young potted loquat cv.Algerie under progressive drought conditions

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第6期17卷 1360-1368页

作者： A.Stellfeldt M.A.Maldonado J.J.Hueso J.Cuevas Department of Agronomy University of AlmeriaceiA3 Almeria 04120Spain Experimental Station of Cajamar Las Palmerillas ceiA3 Almeria 04710Spain

Relationships between plant water status and gas exchange parameters at increasing levels of water stress were determined in Algerie loquats which grown in 50 I pots. Changes in soil water content and stem water potential and their effects on stomatal conductance （Gs ） and net photosynthesis （Pn） rate were followed in control plants and in plants without irrigation until the latter reached near permanent wilting point and some leaf abscission took place. Then, the irrigation was restarted and the comparison repeated. Soil water content and stem water potential gradually diminished in response to drought reaching the minimum values of 0.9 mm and -5.0 MPa, respectively, 9 days after watering suspension. Compromised plant water status had drastic effects on Gs values that dropped by 97％ in the last day of the drought period. Pn was diminished by 80％ at the end of the drought period. The increasing levels of water stress did not cause a steady increase in leaf temperature in non-irrigated plants. Non-irrigated plants wilted and lost some leaves due to the severity of the water stress. However, all non-irrigated plants survived and reached similar Pn than control plants just a week after the irrigation was restarted, confirming drought tolerance of loquat and suggesting that photosynthesis machinery remained intact.

关键词： Eriobotrya japonica deficit irrigation stem water potential net photosynthetic rate stomatal conductance

photosynthetic, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Tomato Plants to Polyethylene Glycol-Induced Water Deficit

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第12期47卷 1470-1478页

作者： Hatem ZGALLAI Kathy STEPPE Raoul LEMEUR Laboratory of Plant Ecology Ghent University Coupure Links 653 B-9000 Ghent Belgium

Polyethylene glycol （PEG 6000）-induced water deficit causes physiological as well as biochemical changes in plants. The present study reports on the results of such changes in hydroponically grown tomato plants （Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Nikita）. Plants were subjected to moderate and severe levels of water stress （i.e. water potentials in the nutrient solution of- 0.51 and -1.22 MPa, respectively）. Water stress markedly affected the parameters of gas exchange. net photosynthetic rate （Pn） decreased with the induction of water stress. Accordingly, a decrease in the transpiration rate （E） was observed. The ratio of both （Pn/E） resulted in a decrease in water use efficiency. One of the possible reasons for the reduction in Pn is structural damage to the thylakoids, which affects the photosynthetic transport of electrons. This was indicated by an increase in non-photochemical quenching and a reduction in the quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ. Furthermore, a decrease in both leaf water potential and leaf osmotic potential was observed, which resulted in a significant osmotic adjustment during stress conditions. Analysis of the physiological responses was complemented with a study on changes in proline content. In stressed plants, a 10-fold increase in proline content was detected compared with control plants. It is clear that water stress tolerance is the result of a cumulative action of various physiological and biochemical processes, all of which were affected by PEG 6000-induced water stress.

关键词： fluorescence Lycopersicon esculentum net photosynthetic rate osmotic adjustment proline water potential water stress water use efficiency.

Effects of Different Potassium (K) Fertilizer rates on Yield Formation and Lodging of Rice

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第3期90卷 815-826页

作者： Tantan Zhang Xiaoping He Binglin Chen Longxin He Xiangru Tang State Key Laboratory for conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China Ministry of AgricultureGuangzhou510642China Guangdong Tianhe Agricultural Materials Co. Ltd.Guangzhou510642China

As one of the most important nutrients for plants,potassium(K)has substantial effects on growth and development of crops.Present study was conducted in three different sites in South China in late season in 2019 with the objective to study the effects of different applied amounts of K fertilizer on yield formation and lodging of rice.Four K fertilizer treatments,K_(0):0 kg potassium oxide(K_(2)O)ha^(−1)(control);K_(1):64.20 kg K_(2)O ha^(−1);K_(2):128.55 kg K_(2)O ha^(−1) and K_(3)153.90 kg K_(2)O ha^(−1) were applied in the field experiment.The results showed that K_(2) and K_(3) treatments significantly increased panicle number per unit area,grain number per panicle,seed-setting rate and the grain yield of rice compared with K_(0) treatment.Higher net photosynthetic rates were recorded in K_(2) and K_(3) treatments than K_(0) treatment at tillering stage,heading stage and maturity stage.K fertilizer treatments also increased the chlorophyll content and dry matter accumulation by 6.16–23.52%and 21.32–64.59%compared with K_(0) treatment,respectively.Moreover,the total N and K accumulation in the aboveground tissues of rice significantly increased under K_(2) and K_(3) treatments compared with K_(0) treatment.Furthermore,compared with K_(0) treatment,K fertilizer treatments significantly enhanced the breaking-resistant strength by 40.94–144.24%and reduced the lodging index of rice by 13.14–36.72%.

关键词： Lodging net photosynthetic rate potassium rice SPAD value