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GAP-43 Expression and Pathological Changes of Temporal Infarction in *** and Effects of Batroxobin

Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2002年第1期22卷 42-46页

作者：吴卫平管兴志匡培根张小澍 Neurotransmitter Research Laboratory Department of NeurologyChinese PLA General HospitalPostgraduate Military Medical SchoolBeijing 100853 Department of Neurology PLA 261 HospitalBeijing100094

To study the changes of the expression of growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and pathology in temporal infarction of rats photochemically induced and the effects of batroxobin. METHODS: Immunohistochemical technique and hematoxylin-eosin stain was used to show the changes of the expression of GAP-43 and pathology. RESULTS: In infarction group, GAP-43 expression was markedly increased on the infarction and surrounding tissues at 24 h cerebral infarction. The expression reached peak level at 72 h after cerebral infarction and was decreased at 7 d after cerebral infarction. However, in batroxobin-treated group, GAP-43 expression was increased and the pathological changes were much slight as compared with infarction group. CONCLUSION: The expression of GAP-43 increases in infarction of temporal neocortex and batroxobin promotes the expression of GAP-43 and ameliorates the pathological changes in infarction of temporal neocortex.

关键词： Animals Batroxobin Brain Infarction Fibrinolytic Agents GAP-43 Protein Male neocortex Random Allocation Rats Rats, Wistar Temporal Lobe

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Mammillary body regulates state-dependent learning

Mammillary body regulates state-dependent learning

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Jun Jiang Guang-Yu Wang Wenhan Luo Yang Lin Yi Hu Hong Xie Ji-Song Guan MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences Center for Brain inspired Computing IDG/McGovern institute for Brain Research at Tsinghua School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University School of Life Sciences Shanghai Tech University Center for Life Science Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies. Peking University

State-dependent learning（SDL） describes a phenomenon, where the memory retrieval is facilitated only when the brain state matches the state of encoding. SDL associated amnesia is widely observed in "fugue" states induced by drug, mood, somnambulism and in hippocampus damaged patient. However, the neuronal basis of SDL remains unknown. Here we showed that SDL was associated with inhibition of mammillary body（MB） and hippocampus. Chemogenetic silencing of MB shifted the brain state from hippocampus "on state" to "off state" in awake mice, regulating the successful retrieval of drug-induced state-dependent memory. MB is inactive during sleep, promoting memory consolidation. While artificially activating of MB impaired system consolidation, inhibiting of MB induced delta oscillations in neocortex and facilitated system consolidation of fear memory. Thereby, we posit the MB-regulated activity level of hippocampus-neocortex system underlying the neural mechanisms of state-dependent memory. This novel neural pathway regulates system consolidation of memory during sleep.

关键词： Mammillary body state-dependent learning neocortex two-photon microscopy immediate early gene hippocampus chemogenetic sleep system consolidation

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Quantitative Analysis of Formation of Active Avoidance Behavior in the Hippocampus Coagulated and Intact White Albino Rats

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2012年第1期2卷 10-17页

作者： Sulkhan N. Tsagareli Nino G. Archvadze Otar Tavdishvili Biology Department Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Tbilisi Georgia Department of Applied Systems for Pattern Recognition Institute of Cybernetics Georgian Technical University Tbilisi Georgia

Unsupervised cluster analysis is proposed for analysis of active avoidance formation in three groups of albino rats: 1) intact;2) with electrolytic lesions of neocortex over the dorsal hippocampus;and 3) with electrolytic lesions of dorsal hippocampus. The term “behavior vector” has been introduced to assess quantitatively the behavior of rats while learning. The proposed approach enables to assess active avoidance behavior in rats simultaneously by all the test parameters: 1) reaction to the light;2) reaction to the electric irritation;and 3) inter-trial spontaneous behavior. The animals were grouped by their behavioral resemblance through the learning process. The proposed method facilitates the assessment of learning capacities in animals and paves way for getting additional information concerning correlative relationships between their learning skills and other neuroethological and neurobiological parameters.

关键词： Behavior Learning Memory Active Avoidance Hippocampus neocortex Unsupervised Clustering

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Membrane potential of a single cortical pyramidal neuron controls the size of its microcircuitry

Membrane potential of a single cortical pyramidal neuron con...

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中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第七届全国学术会议

作者： Jie ZHU,You-Sheng SHU Institute of Neuroscience and Key laboratory of Neurobiology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China

＜正＞Cortical neurons are constantly bombarded with synaptic inputs during various behavioral *** of postsynaptic potentials results in voltage fluctuations in the soma and generation of action potentials in the axon when a firing threshold has been *** has been shown that membrane potential changes in the presynaptic soma could modulate intracortical synaptic transmission triggered by action *** we demonstrate that membrane potential changes in a single layer 5 pyramidal neuron control the size of its local *** depolarization recruits more nearby cortical neurons,including pyramidal and non-pyramidal neurons,in a local circuit activated by a burst of action potentials（100-200 Hz） in the recorded *** depolarization（10-15 mV） enhances recurrent excitation and feedback *** results indicate that somatic membrane potential fluctuations resulting from the arrival of synaptic inputs in the dendrites and soma could efficiently change the weight of its synaptic contacts and control the size of its local *** changes may play an important role in gating the threshold of information processing in the cortex and contribute to determining the size of the cortical representation.

关键词： neocortex network recurrent excitation feedback Inhibition

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The development of neural microcircuits in mouse neocortical layer 1

The development of neural microcircuits in mouse neocortical...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Yong-Chun YU~*,Yinghui FU Laboratory of Development of Neural Synaptic Microcircuit,Institute of Neurobiology,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China

＜正＞Objective Layer 1 is the most distinct and characteristic lamina of the cerebral *** the neocortex develops,layer 1 populated by two basic neuronal cell types,Caja1-Retzius（C-R） cells and *** many studies strongly showed that the neurons in layer 1 have the important roles for the neocortical development and integrating inputs from high order cortical and thalamic areas,yet the developmental neural microcircuits of layer 1 neuron remain poorly *** Here we studied the development neural microcircuits in the layer 1 using multiple patch clamp recording and neurobiotin *** From P1 to P7,we observed that electrical coupling interconnected around 14%between interneurons and 19%between C-R *** also found the chemical synaptic connections between layer 1 neurons were rather low around the first postnatal week;it increased dramatically around the second postnatal *** P8,two types of interneuron characterized by action potentials, the late spike（LS） and the bursting nonadapting（bNA）,were *** 68%of the cells we recorded were LS cells which the dendrites and the very dense local axonal field were confined primarily to layer 1;22%of the bNA cells were multipolar neurons with axons descending out of layer *** found that LS cells were interconnected by electrical coupling（87%）,whereas electrical coupling between bNA cells was infrequent（5%）.We also found that the electrical coupling mediated synchronizations of the spontaneous activities were 34.5%between LS cells and only 1%between bNA *** addition to the chemical synapse,we observed that bi-directional GABAergic synaptic connections were widely populated between the LS cells（57%）,and only 4%between bNA *** chemical synaptic direction between LS cells and bNA cells was uni-direction,and was mostly from LS cells to bNA cells. Conclusion We showed the developmental microcircuits between two types of GABAergic neurons within layer 1 an

关键词： development microcircuits interneuron layer 1 neocortex

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The dynamics of memory retrieval and consolidation is regulated by brain states

The dynamics of memory retrieval and consolidation is regula...

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Jun Jiang Guang-Yu Wang Wenhan Luo Yang Lin Yi Hu Hong Xie Ji-Song Guan MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences Center for Brain inspired Computing IDG/McGovern institute for Brain Research at Tsinghua School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Center for Life Science Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies. Peking University

State-dependent learning（SDL） is a well-known phenomenon in psychology, where the memory retrieval is facilitated only when the brain state matches the state of encoding. SDL associated amnesia is widely observed in "fugue" states induced by drug, mood, somnambulism and in the multiple personality syndrome. However, the neuronal basis of SDL remains unknown. Here we showed that MK-801, a NMDA receptor antagonist, induced SDL of contextual fear memory in mice. Such MK-801 induced SDL was associated with inhibition of mammillary body（MB） and hippocampus. Chemogenetic silencing of MB shifted the brain state similar to the MK-801 induced one to encode and recall the state-dependent memory by repressing activities in retrospenial cortex and inducing delta oscillations. Reconstitution of cortical delta waves facilitated memory retrieval in SDL. In addition, the neural activity in MB is repressed during slow wave sleep, creating the brain state for memory consolidation in neocortex. Thereby, we posit the MB-regulated activity level of hippocampus and neocortex is one of the major neural mechanisms underlying the state-dependent memory retrieval.

关键词： Mammillary body state-dependent learning neocortex two-photon microscopy immediate early gene hippocampus chemogenetic consolidation sleep

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Distribution of the subtypes of GABAergic neurons in neocortical layer 1

Distribution of the subtypes of GABAergic neurons in neocort...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Jian MA,Yong-Chun YU~* Laboratory of Development of Neural Synaptic Microcircuit,Institute of Neurobiology,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China

Objective Layer 1(L1) is located superficial of the neocortex,which is composed of GABAergic interneurons and Cajal-Retzius(C-R) *** recently known the majority of layer 1 interneurons migrated from CGE,yet little is known about the distribution of different types of intemeurons in the layer 1 with the neocortical development,especially in the three distinct cortical areas,motor cortex,somatosensory cortex and visual cortex. The present study is to explore the distribution of the subtypes of GABAergic neurons and C-R cells in developing neocortical layer *** We have taken an important first step towards understanding this process by double and triple immunostaining mouse cortical slices with a panel of antibodies at the different early postnatal stages(P1-P14), which has been used extensively for classifying developing ***(1) There is no significant difference of the distribution of the specific intemeurons among the three cortical areas.(2) From P1 to P6,layer 1 was occupied by C-R cells,but which decrease rapidly with the neocortical development from *** P8 to P14,the population of marked interneuron increased from 20%to 80%,70%of the intemeurons express reelin,48%express GAB ARδ,the population of NPY,VIP and calretinin positive intemeurons were rather small,about 5%.(3) Triple immunostaining showed VIP and reelin identify two nonoverlapping distinct *** data also showed reelin and NPY expressed in the neurogliaform cells liked intemeurons.(4) The percentage of the population of distinct intemeurons in layer la and layer lb is *** The different types of neurons distributed differently in developing neocortical layer 1 which indicated that the different function of layer 1 contributes the neocortical circuit networks.

关键词： neocortex layer 1 development intemeuron distribution

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Electrophysiological properties of fast neocorticai ripples induced by accumulatively intravenous injection of nikethamide in rats

Electrophysiological properties of fast neocorticai ripples ...

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湖北省生理学会2007年度年会暨学术报告会

作者： Yu Qin Li Yong Ge Han Dan* Department of Physiology,School of Medicine,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,PR.China.

EEG Ripple is seen as particular epileptic network oscillations in rodent *** was induced by electric stimulation or chemicals.

关键词： ripples neocortex EEG epilepsy nikethamide rat

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Organizing Principles for Neocortical Synaptic Microcircuitry

Organizing Principles for Neocortical Synaptic Microcircuitr...

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中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第七届全国学术会议

作者： Anirudh GUPTA Philip H.GOODMAN Thomas K BERGER Patricia S.Goldman-Rakic Henry MARKRAM Brain and Mind Institute EPFLLausanne1015Switzerland Department of Internal Medicine Program in Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of NevadaRenoNV 89557USA Department of Neurobiology Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510USA

＜正＞Neuronal microcircuitry represents the communications between various individual neurons,mainly consisting of chemical synaptic transmissions and serving as the foundation of functional neural networks in the *** discovery of the organizing principles of the neuronal microcircuitry is essential for understanding brain *** multineuron patch clamp recording,histochemical staining and 3D-computer reconstruction,we have been studying the excitatory and inhibitory microcircutries in differrent neocortical *** have revealed three types of inhibitory chemical synapses,including facilitating and depressing synapses as well as a third type with balanced facilitation and depression. We have also revealed three functional organizing principles of the inhibitory chemical synaptic networks:First,a synaptic mapping principle - each class of interneuron forms synapses with highly specific temporal dynamics onto a given target neuron;Second,a presynaptic-postsynaptic interaction principle - the phenotypic nature of both presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons is involved in generating the type of synapse formed;Third,a synaptic homogeneity principle - interneurons form synapses with some identical properties onto neighboring target *** principles suggest that inhibitory synapses could shape the impact of different interneurons according to their specific spatiotemporal patterns of activity and that inhibitory interneuron and synapse diversity may enable combinatorial inhibitory effects in the neocortex. Interestingly,similar types of the synaptic dynamics and major functional organizing principles have been also revealed in the excitatory synaptic network in a high brain functional area,prefrontal *** suggests that some universal principles are governing the excitatory and inhibitory chemical synaptic networks in the neocortex and hence may be crucial for the seamless balance between excitatory and inhibitory neuronal activity necessary for

关键词： neocortex prefrontal cortex neuronal microcircuitry synaptic network subnetworks organizing principles heterogeneity excitatory and inhibitory chemical synapses facilitating and depressing synapses accommodating and nonaccommodating pyramidal cells hyper-reciprocity synaptic augmentation post-tetanic potentiation persistent activity multi-neuron patch clamp recording histochemical staining 3D-computer reconstruction

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