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New Evidence for the Hypothesis of Reducing natural enemy Pressure of Eupatorium adenophorum: Solenopsis invicta Competing with Doxrylus orientalis to Feed on E. adenophorum

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第11期13卷 773-781页

作者： Yanfen Niu Tingfa Dong Jiangbo He Yangping Li Zhiyang Miao Jing Xi Shaoxiang Li Tao Wang Hao Yue Genshen Yin College of Agronomy and Life Sciences Kunming University Kunming China Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (China West Normal University) Ministry of Education Nanchong China Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China

natural enemy insects are important factors in regulating plant invasion. The interactions between multiple insect species resulting from invasive plants remain poorly understood despite their potential. We observed notorious invasive plants Eupatorium adenophorum Sprengel were competedly fed by Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Dorylus orientalis Westwood (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) beside the scientific research base of Kunming University. It was first observed that D. orientalis was eating the epidermis, cortex, phloem and other root and stem tissues of E. adenophorum in soil. Two months later, it was observed that S. invicta ate the epidermis, cortex, phloem and other aboveground stem tissues of E. adenophorum. S. invicta attacked D. orientalis and displaced their living space by causing the later dead, injured, or even disabled. This phenomenon suggested that local herbivorous insects have adapted to E. adenophorum well, which will intensify the naturalization process of E. adenophorum in local habitats. In a homogeneous garden planting experiment of E. adenophorum conducted at the experimental base of Kunming University, the biomass of the introduced (China) populations of E. adenophorum was lower than that of the native (Mexico) populations, although there was no statistically significant difference. These results indicate a possible positive correlation between the increase in natural enemy pressure and the decrease in fitness of E. adenophorum.

关键词： Eupatorium adenophorum Sprengel Solenopsis invicta Buren Dorylus orientalis Westwood natural enemy

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Flavonoid-producing tomato plants have a direct negative effect on the zoophytophagous biological control agent Oriussauteri

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Insect Science 2023年第1期30卷 173-184页

作者： Fengbo Yang Xinyi Zhang Haowei Shen Hu Xue Tian Tian Qinghe Zhang Jinyu Hu Hong Tong Youjun Zhang Qi Su Hubei Engineering Technology Center for Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouHubei ProvinceChina Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBejingChina

Orius sauteri(Poppius)(Hemiptera:Anthocoridae)is often used for biological control of small arthropod pests in greenhouse vegetable production systems in Asia.In addition to feeding on arthropod prey,O.sauteri consumes small quantities of plant material.Previous studies demonstrated that tomato plant chemistry confers antixenosis resistance to phloem-feeding whiteflies,but the potential nontarget effects of phytochemicals on the beneficial predator O.sauteri are unknown.Comparison of O.sauteri confined to near-isogenic lines(NILs)of tomatoes producing high levels offlavonoids(NIL-purple hypocotyl;resistant to whiteflies)and low levels of flavonoids(NIL-green hypocotyl;susceptible to whiteflies)revealed that O.sauteri had reduced oviposition,nymphal survival,and development on resistant plants,even if they were also provided with prey that did not feed on the host plant.Moreover,O.sauteri showed a significant ovipositional preference in choice assays,laying significantly more eggs on susceptible than on resistant plants.Molecular gut content analysis using the specific chloroplast trnL gene from tomato confirmed that adult and immature O.sauteri feed on both resistant and susceptible genotypes,and feeding behavior assays revealed that resistance did not affect plant feeding or prey acceptance by O.sauteri adults.These results demonstrate a direct negative effect of phytochemicals on a nontarget beneficial species and indicate that resistance mediated by phytochemicals can affect organisms that do not solely feed on phloem sap.The results also indicate that the mode of action and the potential ecological effects of phytochemicalmediated resistance are broader than previously recognized.

关键词： biological control host plant resistance insect resistance integrated pest management natural enemy phytochemistry

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Slow-growth high-mortality： A meta-analysis for insects

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Insect Science 2018年第2期25卷 337-351页

作者： Ke-Wei Chen1 and Yigen Chen2 College of Agriculture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California One Shields Avenue Davis California USA

The slow growth-high mortality hypothesis （SG-HG） predicts that slower growing herbivores suffer greater mortality due to a prolonged window of vulnerability. Given diverse plant-herbivore-natural enemy systems resulting from different feeding ecologies of herbivores and natural enemies, this hypothesis might not always be applicable to all systems. This is evidenced by mixed support from empirical data. In this study, a meta- analysis of the SG-HM hypothesis for insects was conducted, aiming to find conditions that favor or reject SG-HM. The analysis revealed significant within- and between-group heterogeneity for almost a11 explanatory variables and overall did not support SG-HM. In this analysis, SG-HM was supported when any of the following 5 conditions was met：（1） host food consisted of artificial diet; （2） herbivore growth was measured as larval mass; （3） herbivores were generalists; （4） no or multiple species of natural enemies were involved in the study; and （5） parasitoids （i.e., parasitic insects） involved in the study were gregarious. SG-HM was rejected when any of the following 5 conditions was met：（1） herbivores were from the order Hymentoptera; （2） parasitoids from more than 1 order caused herbivore mortality; （2） parasitoids were specialists; （3） parasitoids were solitary; （4） parasitoids were idiobionts or koinobionts; and （5） single species of natural enemy caused mortality of specialist herbivores. All known studies investigated herbivore mortality for a short period of their life cycle. Researchers are encouraged to monitor herbivore mortality during the entire window of susceptibility or life cycle using life tables. Studies involving multiple mortality factors （i.e., both biotic and abiotic） or multiple natural enemy species are also encouraged since herbivores in nature face a multitude of risks during the entire life cycle. More comprehensive studies may increase our understanding of factors influencing the relationships between herbivore growth and mortality.

关键词： feeding ecology natural enemy parasitoid predator tritrophic interactions

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Host plants and natural enemies of Bemisia tabaci （Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae）in China

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Insect Science 2011年第1期18卷 101-120页

作者： Shao-Jian Li Xia Xue Muhammad Z. Ahmed Shun-Xiang Ren Yu-Zhou Du Jian-Hui Wu Andrew G. S. Cuthbertson Bao-Li Qiu Department of Entomology South China Agricultural University Guangzhou School of Horticulture and Plant Protection Yangzhou University Yangzhou Jiangsu Province China The Food and Environment Research Agency Sand Hutton York UK

The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, has been a destructive pest in China for over the past two decades. It is an extremely polyphagous insect, being recorded feeding on hundreds of host plants around the world. Potential host plants and natural enemies of B. tabaci in the south, southeast, middle, north and northwest of China were investigated during the last decade. In total 361 plant species from 89 families were recorded in our surveys. Plants in the families Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae and Leguminosae were the preferred host species for B. tabaci, which therefore suffered much damage from this devastating pest due to their high populations. In total, 56 species of parasitoids, 54 species of arthropod predators and seven species of entomopathogenic fungi were recorded in our surveys. Aphelinid parasitoids from Encarsia and Eretrnocerus genera, lady beetles and lacewings in Coleoptera and Neuroptera were found to be the dominant arthropod predators of B. tabaci in China. The varieties of host plant, their distribution and the dominant species of natural enemies of B. tabaci in different regions of China are discussed.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci China host plant natural enemy survey

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Biodiversity and Dynamics of Planthoppers and Their natural Enemies in Rice Fields with Different Nitrogen Regimes

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Rice Science 2006年第3期13卷 218-226页

作者： S. VILLAREAL K. L. HEONG International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777 Metro Manila Philippines International Rice Research Institute DAPO Box 7777 Metro Manila Philippines

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different nitrogen fertilizer rates i.e. 200, 100 and 0 kg N/ha in paddy fields at International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines. Biodiversity of arthropods sampled by Blower-Vac, and dynamics of planthoppers, egg parasitoids of Homoptera trapped by rice plants with eggs of brown planthoppers (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (St?l), and web spiders on rice canopy collected by sweeping net, were analyzed at different rice growth stages. The most abundant arthropods were sampled at the milking stage of rice, totalling 116 species identified into 14 insect orders and 15 species of spider in all samples. Meanwhile the number of arthropod species significantly increased with rice growth and the diversity indices increased with the increase of nitrogen rate at the booting stage. On the other hand, in the dominant predators, Pardosa pseudoannulata, Callitrichi formosana, Micraspis sp., Cyrtorhinus lividipennis, Veliidae sp. and Mesoveliidae sp., only C. lividipennis and Micraspis sp. were increased significantly in abundance following the application of nitrogen at the milking stage of rice. The egg parasitoids of plant-hoppers were predominated by Anagrus flaveolus and Oligosita sp. and their densities in the field without nitrogen fertilizer were markedly higher than those in fields with 100 and 200 kg N/ha at both booting and milking stages of rice. The number and web area of dominant residential spiders Tetragnatha sp. and Araneus sp. in rice canopy significantly reduced with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer. The population density of planthoppers, included BPH and the white-backed planthoppers (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera Horváth, peaked during the booting stage, however, the number of BPH in rice field with 200 kg N/ha was considerably higher than those in other two rice fields with 100 kg N/ha and 0 kg N/ha at the booting as well as the milking stage. These results indicated that the rapid growth in populations of planthopper due to excessive nitrogen

关键词： Nilaparvata lugens nitrogen fertilizer biodiversity natural enemy rice field biological control

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Study on the mathematical model of virus infection in pest management

Study on the mathematical model of virus infection in pest m...

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第26届中国控制与决策会议

作者： Jingjin Zhang Zhongyi Xiang Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province Department of Mathematics Hubei Minzu University

In this paper, we consider the pest is infected by virus, and the natural enemies have functional response of Beddington-DeAngelis. Making use of Floquet theory, comparison theory and small amplitude perturbations to get the condition of pest-eradication periodic solution locality asymptotical stability and continue existence. The conclusion contributes to control pests.

关键词： Control pest natural enemy Virus Pest-eradication.

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