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β-Nickel hydroxide cathode material for nano-suspension redox flow batteries

Frontiers in Energy 2017年第3期11卷 401-409页

作者： Yue LI Cheng HE Javier PARRONDO Vijay RAMANI Elena V. TIMOFEEVA Yujia DING Carlo SEGRE Center for Solar Energy and Energy Storage Department of Energy Environmental and Chemical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis 1 Brookings Dr. St. Louis MO 63130 USA Physics Department Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL 60616 USA

As part of an effort to build a prototype flow battery system using a nano-suspension containing β-Ni（OH）2 nanoparticles as the cathode material, nano-sized β-Ni（OH）2 particles with well-controlled particle size and morphology were synthesized via the one-step precipitation of a NiCl2 precursor. The composition and morphology of the nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The XRD patterns confirmed that β-Ni（OH）2 was successfully synthesized, while SEM results showed that the particle sizes range from 70 to 150 nm. To ensure that Ni（OH）2 could be employed in the nano-suspension flow battery, the electrochemical performance of the synthesized 13-Ni（OH）2 was initially tested in pouch cells through charge/discharge cycling. The phase transformations occurring during charge/discharge were investigated using in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy to obtain the shift in the oxidation state of Ni （X-ray adsorption near edge structure, XANES） and the distances between Ni and surrounding atoms in charged and discharged states （extended X-ray absorption fine structure, EXAFS）. XANES results indicated that the electrode in the discharged state was a mixture of phases because the edge position did not shift back completely. XAFS results further proved that the discharge capacity was provided by β-NiOOH and the ratio between β-Ni（OH）2 and γ-NiOOH in the electrode in the discharged state was 71：29. Preliminary nano-suspension tests in a lab-scale cell were conducted to understand the behavior of the nano-suspension during charge/discharge cycling and to optimize the operating conditions.

关键词： nano-suspension flow battery β-Ni(OH)2,scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) X-ray diffraction(XRD) X-ray adsorption near edge structure (XANES),extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS)

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