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Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Marine n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Human Health and Diseases

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第2期18卷 481-492页

作者： ZHAnG Yiran MIn Junxia ZHAnG Lijuan The First Affiliated Hospital Institute of Translational Medicine School of Medicine Zhejiang University Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University

The pharmaceutical effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFAs) as dietary nutrients on human health and diseases have gained much attention and are investigated for decades. Docosahexaenoic acid(DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and docosapentaenoic acid(DPA) are the three major n-3 PUFAs enriched in marine organisms, such as fish, shrimp, algae, and so on. It has been well known that n-3 PUFAs, especially DHA and EPA, are beneficial in reducing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that n-3 PUFAs might cure inflammatory diseases through several mechanisms, such as plasma membrane remodeling of lymphocytes, down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, and alternating adhesion molecule expressions. Several molecular targets of n-3 PUFAs on immune-regulation have also been identified, such as GPR120(FFA4), protein kinase C(PKC), and PPAR-γ. However, it remains inconclusive if dietary n-3 PUFAs function the same both in vitro and in vivo based on cohort studies. This review will focus on the molecular targets and mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of n-3 PUFAs on human health and diseases, such as obesity, tumor, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases.

关键词： n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids immune-regulation anti-inflammation mechanism

Recent advances in liver preconditioning: Thyroid hormone, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and iron

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World Journal of Hepatology 2012年第4期4卷 119-128页

作者： Virginia Fernández Gladys Tapia Luis A Videla Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program Institute of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Chile Casilla 70000 Santiago-7 Chile

Liver preconditioning (PC), defined as an enhanced tolerance to injuring stimuli induced by previous specific maneuvers triggering beneficial functional and molecular changes, is of crucial importance in human liver transplantation and major hepatic resection. For these reasons, numerous PC strategies have been evaluated in experimental models of ischemia-reperfusion liver injury, which have not been transferred to clinical application due to side effects, toxicity and difficulties in implementation, with the exception of the controversial ischemic PC. In recent years, our group has undertaken the assessment of alternate experimental liver PC protocols that might have application in the clinical setting. These include thyroid hormone (T3), n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA), or iron, which suppressed liver damage due to the 1 h ischemia-20 h reperfusion protocol. T3, n-3 LCPUFA and iron are hormetic agents that trigger biologically beneficial effects in the low-dose range, whose multifactorial mechanisms of action are discussed in the work.

关键词： Liver preconditioning Thyroid hormone n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Iron

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n－3多烯脂肪酸在创伤感染中的作用

中国药理学通报 1996年第5期12卷 461-464页

作者：董伟李新建陈泮藻孟宪钧解放军总医院基础医学研究所

为探讨ｎ－３多烯脂肪酸在创伤感染中所起的作用，采用盲肠结扎穿孔诱发大鼠脓毒血症，食道插管灌入液体鱼油治疗。研究结果，术前接受４ｗｋ鱼油治疗组与脓毒症组比较，前者动物枯否细胞释放的细胞因子，炎性介质及氧自由基产物明显减... 详细信息

为探讨ｎ－３多烯脂肪酸在创伤感染中所起的作用，采用盲肠结扎穿孔诱发大鼠脓毒血症，食道插管灌入液体鱼油治疗。研究结果，术前接受４ｗｋ鱼油治疗组与脓毒症组比较，前者动物枯否细胞释放的细胞因子，炎性介质及氧自由基产物明显减少，膜磷脂成分及花生四烯酸含量明显增加；同时观察到肝细胞膜脂流动性明显升高，相变温度明显降低，内皮素含量明显减少。提示，ｎ－３多烯脂肪酸有调节创伤感染动物巨噬细胞的生物学功能，减轻肝细胞和血管内皮细胞损伤的作用。

关键词： n-3 多烯脂肪酸创伤感染枯否氏细胞肝细胞

Beneficial n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and n6:n3 ratios after 4-week EPA + DHA supplementation associated with reduced CRP: A pilot study in healthy young adults

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Modern Research in Inflammation 2013年第4期2卷 59-68页

作者： Jodi McDaniel Emily Ickes Christopher Holloman College of nursing The Ohio State University Columbus USA Department of Statistics College of Arts and Sciences The Ohio State University Columbus USA

Chronic systemic inflammation is associated with many conditions of aging such as atherosclerosis. Lowering high n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratios are commonly found in Western diets aids in preventing inflammatory-related diseases. However, it is not clear whether dietary interventions designed to alter n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios can reduce systemic inflammation in younger adults. Studies that evaluate PUFA intake often use subjective data from food frequency questionnaires or food records rather than more precise physiological measures of PUFAs (e.g. plasma levels). Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study that analyzed data from the experimental parent study of younger adults (n = 18), was to determine whether plasma PUFA levels were associated with levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker, and if supplementation with n-3 PUFAs was correlated with rising n-3 PUFA concentrations in plasma and decreasing n-6:n-3 ratios. In the parent study, participants received daily either placebo or n-3 PUFA softgels (1.6 g eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and 1.2 g docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]). EPA and DHA are the biologically active components in fish oil. Measures included blood for PUFA quantification at baseline and four weeks later, when blister wounds were created and wound fluid and saliva were collected. The saliva samples were used to measure CRP in the present study. We report that CRP was significantly and negatively correlated with total n-3 PUFAs (tau-β = ?0.373, p = 0.031) and positively correlated with n-6:n-3 ratios (tau-β = 0.320, p = 0.063). Those consuming EPA + DHA supplements had significantly higher concentrations of total n-3 PUFAs and significantly lower n-6:n-3 ratios (p The present study has shown that beneficial levels of n-3 PUFAs and n-6:n3 ratios were achieved with 4-weeks of EPA + DHA supplementation and were associated with reduced CRP in young adults. EPA + DHA supplementation for some young adults may help prevent inflamma

关键词： n-6:n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratios n-3 Dietary Supplementation Inflammation CRP

The Efficacy of the Consumption of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for the Maintenance of Remission in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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Food and nutrition Sciences 2018年第2期9卷 105-118页

作者： Kan Uchiyama Hiroko Aiki Aki Matsumura Kanako Saruta Ai Yuasa Zensho Ito Shinichiro Takami Keisuke Saito Yuichiro Ohtaki Shizuka Suzuki Susumu Hayashi Shigeo Koido Hiroshi Yoshida Toshifumi Ohkusa Masayuki Saruta Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital Kashiwa Japan Department of nutrition The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital Kashiwa Japan Department of Laboratory Medicine The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital Kashiwa Japan Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The Jikei University Hospital Tokyo Japan

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of the actual consuming n-3 PUFA for remission-maintenance in IBD patients. A questionnaire on the dietary habits of patients one month before hospitalization (Q1) was completed by 24 patients with IBD (10 ulcerative colitis (UC) subjects and 14 Crohn’s disease (CD) subjects) treated at our hospital. We educated the study subjects about an n-3 PUFA diet, and a follow-up survey (Q2) was conducted 6 to 12 months after discharge. Disease activity was evaluated using the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IOIBD) score and/or the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) score for CD and the partial UCDAI score without endoscopic evaluation for UC. Q1 showed that the average n-3 and n-6 PUFA intakes were 1673 ± 1651 mg and 9146 ± 5217 mg, respectively, and the average n-3/n-6 ratio was 0.27 ± 0.31. In Q2, the intake of n-3 PUFA was significantly higher (3671 ± 1684 mg, p n-6 PUFA intake decreased significantly (5217 ± 1973 mg, p n Q1. As a consequence, the dietary n-3/ n-6 ratio was significantly increased (0.87 ± 0.60, p ntenance of the remission rate was significantly higher in IBD patients who complied with the n-3 diet, and these patients maintained a dietary n-3/n-6 ratio of 0.432 or higher (17 of 23 cases;70.8%, p 3) compared to that observed for IBD patients who did not comply with the diet. These results emphasize the importance of adjusting dietary PUFA and suggest that the n-3 diet may be effective in maintaining the remission of IBD.

关键词： Crohn’s Disease Inflammatory Bowel Disease n-3 Diet Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ulcerative Colitis

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细鳞鲑幼鱼n-3 HUFA需求量的研究

淡水渔业 2017年第6期47卷 81-87页

作者：常杰牛化欣胡宗福于建华李树国内蒙古民族大学动物科学技术学院内蒙古通辽028000

为确定细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok)n-3 HUFA需求量以减少鱼油使用和降低养殖成本,研究饲料中不同水平的n-3 HUFA对细鳞鲑的生长性能、体成分和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。以脱脂鱼粉、脱脂豆粕、明胶和酪蛋白为主要蛋白源,通过调节饲料中的... 详细信息

为确定细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok)n-3 HUFA需求量以减少鱼油使用和降低养殖成本,研究饲料中不同水平的n-3 HUFA对细鳞鲑的生长性能、体成分和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。以脱脂鱼粉、脱脂豆粕、明胶和酪蛋白为主要蛋白源,通过调节饲料中的猪油和浓缩油EPA、DHA水平,使饲料n-3HUFA的含量分别达到0.25%、0.50%、0.75%、1.00%、1.25%、1.50%,配制出6种等氮等能的试验饲料(D 0.25、D 0.50、D 0.75、D1.00、D 1.25和D 1.50),分别投喂细鳞鲑幼鱼(60.0 g±2.8 g)84 d。结果显示:饲料中n-3HUFA不同水平对细鳞鲑成活率和饲料系数没有显著影响,但是显著影响了其末重(FW)、增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)。随着添加饲料中n-3HUFA水平的升高,FW、WGR和SGR有先升高后下降的趋势,且3者在饲料中n-3HUFA水平为0.75%均最大。随着饲料中n-3 HUFA水平的升高,鱼肌肉18∶1n-9的含量逐渐下降,而22∶6n-3的水平相应升高。结果表明,以WGR为评价指标时,用二次曲线模型推测出细鳞鲑对饲料n-3 HUFA的需求量约为0.69%。

关键词：细鳞鲑(Brachymystax lenok) n-3 HUFA 脂肪酸组成营养需求量

饲料中不同水平n-3 HUFA对军曹鱼生长及脂肪酸组成的影响

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水生生物学报 2007年第2期31卷 190-195页

作者：刘兴旺谭北平麦康森艾庆辉周歧存中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室青岛266003 湛江海洋大学水产学院湛江524025

以鱼粉、豆粕和酪蛋白为蛋白源,通过调节饲料中的牛油和鱼油水平,使饲料中高度不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 HU-FA)的含量分别达到0.60、0.96、1.24、1.56、1.77和2.11%,配制出6种等氮等能的实验饲料,并以此饲料投喂军曹鱼幼鱼(8.3±0.5g)8周。实... 详细信息

以鱼粉、豆粕和酪蛋白为蛋白源,通过调节饲料中的牛油和鱼油水平,使饲料中高度不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 HU-FA)的含量分别达到0.60、0.96、1.24、1.56、1.77和2.11%,配制出6种等氮等能的实验饲料,并以此饲料投喂军曹鱼幼鱼(8.3±0.5g)8周。实验结果显示饲料中n-3 HUFA水平对实验鱼成活率没有显著影响,但却显著影响了军曹鱼的特定生长率(SGR)。随着饲料中n-3 HUFA水平的升高,SGR相应提高,但当饲料中n-3 HUFA水平高于1.24%时,各处理之间的生长没有出现显著差异。随着饲料中n-3 HUFA水平的升高,肌肉和肝脏中18∶1n-9的含量逐渐下降,而22∶6n-3的水平相应升高。根据实验结果,当以特定生长率为评价指标时,用折线模型估计出军曹鱼对饲料中n-3 HUFA的需求量约为1.49%。

关键词：军曹鱼脂肪酸需要 n-3 HUFA 摄食和营养

膳食补充n 3多不饱和脂肪酸保护大鼠衰老皮肤胶原的作用及机制研究

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食品工业科技 2020年第22期41卷 316-321,334页

作者：薛欢王佩茹徐雨婷韩佳彤张国龙王秀丽安徽医科大学上海皮肤病临床学院上海200443 同济大学医学院光医学研究所上海市皮肤病医院上海200443

目的:探索膳食补充n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFAs)对大鼠自然老化皮肤真皮胶原的保护作用及机制。方法:选取9月龄大鼠为年轻组,22月龄大鼠作为老化n-3 PUFAs组(膳食补充n-3 PUFAs)及老化对照组(膳食中脂质成分模拟日常饮食中成分作为对照... 详细信息

目的:探索膳食补充n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFAs)对大鼠自然老化皮肤真皮胶原的保护作用及机制。方法:选取9月龄大鼠为年轻组,22月龄大鼠作为老化n-3 PUFAs组(膳食补充n-3 PUFAs)及老化对照组(膳食中脂质成分模拟日常饮食中成分作为对照)。通过HE染色、Masson染色及Weigert染色观察年轻组大鼠、老化n-3 PUFAs组和老化对照组大鼠真皮结构变化,ELISA检测Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原表达量,RT-qPCR检测Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ型胶原和MMP1、MMP3、MMP9、MMP10、MMP13的mRnA表达量。结果:老化大鼠表皮较年轻大鼠变平变薄,真皮胶原排列紊乱,Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量显著减少(PnA表达量显著下调(Pn-3 PUFAs组中Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量及mRnA相对表达量均较老化对照组显著提高(P3 mRnA相对表达量均较年轻大鼠显著增多(Pn-3 PUFAs组中MMP10、MMP13 mRnA相对表达量较老化对照组显著降低(Pn-3 PUFAs可促进老化大鼠皮肤Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原合成,减少MMP10、MMP13的表达,增加皮肤中Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量,延缓皮肤自然老化进程。

关键词： n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸皮肤老化胶原基质金属蛋白酶

n-3多不饱和脂肪酸调整巨噬细胞膜磷脂、增加白介素1释放、防止出血性休克后细胞免疫的抑制

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国际骨科学杂志 1993年第4期 238-239页

作者：牛伟新

以前研究显示,单纯性出血鼠体内的一些细胞素和PGE;在合成、释放方面可明显增加。由于PGE;能明显抑制一系列的免疫功能,因此,出血后巨噬细胞PGE;释放的增多及随后出现血浆PGE;水平的上升可能在创伤后的免疫抑制起中心作用。PGE;连同其... 详细信息

以前研究显示,单纯性出血鼠体内的一些细胞素和PGE;在合成、释放方面可明显增加。由于PGE;能明显抑制一系列的免疫功能,因此,出血后巨噬细胞PGE;释放的增多及随后出现血浆PGE;水平的上升可能在创伤后的免疫抑制起中心作用。PGE;连同其它前列腺素和白三烯均系n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）的代谢产物。n-3多

关键词：多不饱和脂肪酸 PUFAs 巨噬细胞膜磷脂脾细胞吞噬细胞血源性休克出血性休克 n-3