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A Study on Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Composition of the Petroleum Ether Extract from Aspergillusniger mycelia

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Asian Agricultural Research 2014年第7期6卷 94-96页

作者： Yang XIAO Wujuan LIU Zhu LI National Alcohol & Drink Quality Supervision and Inspection Centre Institute of Products Detection and Supervision of Guizhou Province College of Life Science Guizhou University

In order to develop natural antibacterial agents,the antibacterial activity of Aspergillusnigerxj was *** being cultured in potato dextrose liquid medium liquid medium,mycelia was under heating reflux extraction with 90% *** of ethanol under reduced pressure gave a residue,to which water was added and then extracted with petroleum ether and ethyl *** vacuo evaporation of the solvents yielded three crude *** the disc diffusion method was used to measure the antibacterial activity of these *** petroleum ether extract with antibacterial activity was separated by silica gel column chromatography method,then separated and identified by GC-MS after been methyl *** the concentration of 50 mg /mL,the petroleum ether extract of mycelia exhibited inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus *** petroleum ether extract from Aspergillusnigerxj mycelia contained natural substances with antibacterial activity and fatty acids are the main constituents in it.

关键词： Aspergillusniger mycelia Antibacterial activity Pe

Nutrient Requirements and Fermentation Conditions for mycelia and Crude Exo-Polysaccharides Production by Lentinus squarrosulus

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2015年第8期6卷 526-536页

作者： Felicia N. Anike Omoanghe S. Isikhuemhen Dietrich Blum Hitoshi Neda Mushroom Biology and Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro USA Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) Tsukuba Japan

Lentinus squarrosulus Mont. is an emerging tropical white rot basidiomycete, with nutritional and medicinal benefits. Low levels of commercial cultivation of the mushrooms limit their availability for use as food and medicine. mycelia from submerged fermentation are a suitable alternative to the mushroom from L. squarrosulus. Three strains, 340, 339 and 218, were studied to determine optimum growth conditions for mycelia mass and crude exo-polysaccharides (CEPS) production. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with a factorial structure. Nutrients involving 8 carbon and 8 nitrogen sources were screened, and concentrations of the best sources were optimized. Optimized nutrients, interaction between strains and other parameters such as agitation and medium volume were investigated to obtain optimum fermentation conditions for biomass and CEPS production. Biomass yield varied among strains depending on carbon or nitrogen nutrient sources. Starch and yeast extract at 30 and 25 g/L were identified as the most important nutrients in mycelia and CEPS production. Nutrient optimization resulted in a 3-fold increase in mycelia mass: 12.8, 10.0 and 15.3 g/L in strains 340, 339 and 218 respectively. There was a significant interaction between strain, agitation, and volume (p p = 0.02). Static conditions favored more polysaccharide production. Optimized fermentation conditions resulted in very high increase in biomass: 238.1, 266.9 and 185.0 g/L in strains 340, 339 and 218 respectively. Results obtained could be useful in modeling fermentation systems for large-scale production of mycelia mass, CEPS and other bio-products from L. squarrosulus.

关键词： mycelia Mass Carbon and Nitrogen Requirements Exopolysaccharides Lentinus squarrosulus Submerged Fermentation

Optimization of mycelial Culture Conditions and Fructification of Lentinus Species Using Rice Straw and Sawdust Based Substrates

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Studies in Fungi 2021年第1期6卷 519-530页

作者： Kalaw SP Dulay RMR Damaso EJ Ramos JC del Rosario MAG Abon MD De Leon AM Undan JR Reyes RG Tuklas Lunas Development Center Central Luzon State UniversityScience City of MunozNueva EcijaPhilippines 3120 Department of Biological Sciences College of ScienceCentral Luzon State UniversityScience City of MunozNueva EcijaPhilippines 3120

Lentinus(Basidiomycota,Polyporaceae)species are naturally-occurring mushrooms with nutritional and pharmacological *** shiitake Lentinula edodes,a widely cultivated mushroom,Lentinus species are often ignored because they are underutilized and ***,like shiitake,Lentinus *** also be valuable resources of functional food and bioactive *** is therefore of high interest to understand their cultural requirements leading to their efficient biomass ***,this study established the optimal culture conditions for the maximum mycelial growth of seven wild strains under four Lentinus *** cultivation potentials were also determined using rice straw and sawdust(7:3 v/v)substrate *** of all Lentinus strains evaluated favorably grew on coconut water gulaman(local crude agar)and other culture media for specific strain with suitable pH ranging from 5.0 to *** was not a major physical factor for all Lentinus strains except *** strain 1,which favored sealed *** lighted and dark conditions were found suitable for both strains of ***-caju,*** strain 2 and *** whereas both strains of *** and *** strain 1 favorably grew in lighted ***,all Lentinus strains evaluated recorded the highest mycelial growth rates and thick mycelia at 30℃.In terms of fruiting body production,all Lentinus strains demonstrated cultivation *** seven Lentinus strains completely colonized the substrate for 18.0-25.6 days and initiated primordia for 21.6-33.5 *** highest yield(52.5 g bag^(-1))and biological efficiency(10.5%)was recorded in *** strain 1,whereas the lowest was noted in *** strain 2 with 21.1 g bag^(-1) yield and 4.2%biological ***-caju strain 2 and *** strain 1 showed the widest cap diameter and longest stipe,*** mycelial growth and fruiting body performance of Lentinus may v

关键词： fruit body formation medicinal mushrooms mycelia nutritional requirements physical factors

Acceleration of Hericium erinaceummycelial growth in submerged culture using yogurt whey as an alternative nitrogen source

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第7期3卷 828-832页

作者： Chikako Asada Ryosuke Okumura Chizuru Sasaki Yoshitoshi Nakamura Department of Life System Institute of Technology and Science The University of Tokushima Tokushima Japan

The effects of various carbon sources and their initial concentrations on mycelia production by Hericium erinaceum were investigated by determining the dry cell weight (DCW) and β-glucan content of mycelia in submerged culture. Glucose and xylose were superior carbon sources for promoting mycelial growth resulting in mycelial concentrations of 3.99 g/L and 4.01 g/L, respectively;glucose was the best carbon source in terms of productivity (0.44 g/L/day). Experiments were also performed using yogurt whey as an alternative nitrogen source for submerged cultivation of H. erinaceum mycelia, and DCW and β-glucan content were compared with those with chemical nutrient medium. When whey was used as a nitrogen source, DCW and total amount of β-glucan were 2.3- and 2.8-fold higher, respectively, than that with chemical nutrient medium. Thus, whey appears to be an alternative nitrogen source for promoting H. erinaceum mycelial growth.

关键词： Hericium Erinaceum mycelia Submerged Culture Yogurt Whey

Cultivation of different strains of Lentinus tigrinus from selected areas of Luzon Island,Philippines

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Studies in Fungi 2021年第1期6卷 299-306页

作者： Kalaw SP De Leon AM Damaso JrEJ Ramos JC del Rosario MAG Abon MD Undan JR Dulay RMR Reyes RG Tuklas Lunas Development Center Central Luzon State UniversityScience City of MunozNueva EcijaPhilippines 3120 Department of Biological Sciences College of ScienceCentral Luzon State UniversityScience City of MunozNueva EcijaPhilippines 3120

Lentinus tigrinus is a wood-decaying species of macrofungi that belongs to family *** mushroom is known to be edible and with medicinal *** this study,cultivation of different strains of Lentinus tigrinus using rice straw-sawdust based substrate is *** showed that the shortest incubation period was observed in strain 10(16.60 days),and the longest was noted in strain 1(40.50 days).However,strain 10 showed the earliest appearance of fruiting initials(20.70 days),and strain 1 had the longest period(44 days).In terms of fruiting body size,strain 6 recorded the widest mean pileus diameter(72.2 mm),and strain 10 had the longest mean stipe length(41.22 mm).Moreover,strain 6 produced the highest yield of 81.83 g and biological efficiency of 16.37%.Interestingly,although they belong to the same species,cultivation phase and fruiting body performance of different strains of *** may also vary depending on geographical origin,which is very important to consider in strain selection.

关键词： biological efficiency mushroom mycelia spawn strain

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真菌菌丝体和发酵液的氨基酸分析比较

氨基酸和生物资源 1987年第2期15卷 15-21页

作者：李兆兰刘雪娴南京大学生物系

对云芝等7种真菌的菌丝体和发酵液分别测定17种氨基酸的含量,测定结果表明这些菌丝体中含有丰富的人体8种必需氨基酸,支链氨基酸及精氨酸,而芳香族氨基酸和含硫氨基酸却很低。7种真菌的菌丝体和它们的子实体,和三种食用蛋白(α-酪蛋白,... 详细信息

对云芝等7种真菌的菌丝体和发酵液分别测定17种氨基酸的含量,测定结果表明这些菌丝体中含有丰富的人体8种必需氨基酸,支链氨基酸及精氨酸,而芳香族氨基酸和含硫氨基酸却很低。7种真菌的菌丝体和它们的子实体,和三种食用蛋白(α-酪蛋白,卵白蛋白,大豆球蛋白)

关键词： fungi fungal mycelia fungal amino acid fungal resource fungal fermentation btroh

Construction and Identification of cDNA Library from Chaetomium Cupreum

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第S2期 316-319页

作者：张海燕杨谦 Harbin 150001 China Department of Life Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Department of Life Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

Chaetomium cupreum is one kind of biocontrol fungus. To promote the application of rare earths on agriculture, La3+ and Ce3+ were utilized to observe the effect on C. cupreum antagonism. The results show that low concentration of Ce(NO3)3 and La(NO3)3 can increase the biocontrol ability of C. cupreum (mycelia of C. cupreum, a cDNA library was constructed and quality identification was carried out. The titer of library was 0.93×106 pfu·ml-1, the recombinant efficiency was 94.2%, and the average insert size was over 1.3 kb with 94% cDNA fragments over 700 bp. Partial clones of the cDNA library were randomly selected to be sequenced from 5′end and 110 high quality ESTs were obtained; Those ESTs were assembled to 91 unigenes with 10 Contigs and 81 Singlets. 36 (39.6%) of those clones showed significant homology to known genes representing known genes. 55 (60.4%) cDNA clones represented novel genes show no significant homology to nr-protein database of NCBI. The cDNA library built a base for deeper research towards C. cupreum biocontrol mechamism.

关键词： cDNA library Chaetomium cupreum mycelia biocontrol rare earths

Effectiveness of Ringworm Cassia and Turmeric Plant Extracts on Growth Inhibition against Some Important Plant Pathogenic Fungi

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第5期5卷 615-626页

作者： Porntip Wongkaew Wantana Sinsiri Department of Agricultural Technology Faculty of Technology Mahasarakham University Mahasarakham Thailand Plant pathology Division Faculty of Agriculture Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand

Crude plant extracts of ringworm cassia, Cassia alata L. and turmeric, Curcuma longa L. were prepared by either hot water or organic solvents such as ethanol and ether. Various concentrations of the crude extract were then subjected to an in vitro test for their effectiveness on mycelia growth inhibition against some important plant pathogenic fungi such as Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum fsp. lycopersici, Sclerotium rolfsii, Phytophthora infestans and Pythium sp. in comparison to commercial fungicides such as copper oxychloride and mancozeb. Reduction of the fungal growth was significantly obtained with C. longa extracts and the best median effective inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 6.07, 6.50 and 7.13 mg/ml was from the ethanol extract for S. rolfsii, C. gloeosporioides and F. oxysporum fsp. lycopersici respectively. While all extracts from C. alata were almost the least effective against these fungi. The efficacy of C. longa extracts therefore, provided an alternative regime for the control of the fungal diseases and a promising appreciable choice for a replacement of chemical fungicides.

关键词： Crude Plant Extracts Cassia alata Curcuma longa Commercial Fungicides Plant Pathogenic Fungi mycelia Growth Inhibition

Endoscopic Surgical Procedures for Fungal Maxillary Sinusitis: How to Do It, a Review

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2018年第5期7卷 287-297页

作者： Motohiro Sawatsubashi Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

Fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) is categorized as being either invasive or non-invasive based on the histopathological evidence of tissue invasion by fungi. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has become the gold standard treatment for non-invasive FRS including sinus fungal ball. It is considered to be an effective and safe procedure. It is important to keep a sufficient field of view in order to remove the fungal debris completely. ESS should also prevent damage to the nasal cavity structures including the inferior turbinate. This report mainly describes the endoscopic surgical procedures for fungal ball of the maxillary sinus (sinus mycelia) based on our methods and review of the literature, including written articles in Japanese. ESS procedures include the middle meatus approach for the maxillary sinus, the combined approach (both middle and inferior meatal antrostomy) for the maxillary sinus, and endoscopic modified medial maxillectomy (EMMM).

关键词： Fungal Rhinosinusitis Sinus Fungal Ball Sinus mycelia Endoscopic Sinus Surgery