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Thermal processing induced release and degradation of paralytic shellfish toxin from mussels Mytilus edulis

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第6期40卷 2267-2276页

作者： Chenfan DONG Haiyan WU Jixing PENG Mengmeng GUO Yuxiu ZHAI Zhijun TAN College of Food Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality Ministry of AgricultureYellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdao 266071China Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266237China Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing Dalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China

Understanding the risk factors associated with shellfish consumption is a relevant public health concern because of the potential adverse ef fects of paralytic shellfish toxins(PSTs).This work aims to study the effects of the five most common heating treatments(steaming,boiling,frying,water-bath heating,and microwaving),for different processing times and temperature/power settings,on the content of PSTs in mussels(Mytilus edulis)collected in Qinhuangdao,*** toxin concentration,removal percentages,and toxin distribution in the cooking liquor and meat were *** five processing modes effectively accelerated toxin release into the cooking *** average percentage removal was 73.53%±16.50%from *** led to the most significant toxin degradation among the methods *** findings should facilitate risk assessment of PSTs in mussels.

关键词： processing mode mussels removal percentage toxin distribution

Distribution and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in mussels from the Middle and Lower Main Stream of Huaihe River

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2009年第6期10卷 101-104,149页

作者：赵彩平丁毅叶云李玉成安徽大学生命科学学院安徽合肥230039 安徽大学现代实验技术中心安徽合肥230039

[ Object] The aim was to discuss the pollution status of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in mussels from the middle and lower main stream of Huaihe River, which will provide a scientific basis for dietary safety of mussels. [ Method] Suspended matter, sediment, and mussel samples were collected from Wuxiaojie and Fushanji in middle and lower reaches of Huaihe River. All samples were extracted with Soxhlet, separated through Silica GeI-Al2O3 column, and determined by GC-MS, and then 16 typical PAHs contents in the prior table listed by American EPA were obtained. [ Result] The results indicated that total PAHs concentrations in suspended matters and sediments of Wuxiaojie were significantly higher than those in Fushanji respectively. However, PAHs concentrations in mussels of the two samplings showed little difference; as for single PAH component, low-ring PAHs were more advantaged in suspended matters of two sampling sites, while high-ring PAHs were more advantaged in mussels. PAHs in sediments of Wuxiaojie assumed low-ring aspect, though PAHs in sediments of Fushanji assumed high-ring aspect. [ Conclusion] In spite of that sediments and mussels were not yet contaminated according to the ecological risk assessment of PAHs, its potential hazards couldn＇t be ignored any more.

关键词： Huaihe River mussels Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Risk elevation

Effect of Salinity on Growth of mussels,Mytilus edulis,with Special Reference to Great Belt(Denmark)

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2012年第4期2卷 167-176页

作者： Hans Ulrik Riisgard Line Bottiger Daniel Pleissner Marine Biological Research Centre University of Southern DenmarkKertemindeDenmark

The effects of salinities between 10 and 30 psu on the growth of blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, were studied in laboratory feeding experiments and compared to the growth of mussels suspended in net-bags in the brackish water Great Belt, Denmark. In the laboratory, 3 series of growth experiments were conducted: in Series #1, groups of mussels were exposed to 10, 15, 25 and 30 psu, in Series #2, two groups of mussels were exposed to 10 and 30 psu, respectively, for 15 days (first period) where upon the mussels were exposed to the reversed salinities for another 15 days (second period). In Series #3, two groups of mussels were initially exposed to 15 and 25 psu for 22 days whereupon the mussel groups were exposed to the reversed salinities for another 17 days. In the laboratory experiments there was a tendency towards reduced growth with decreasing salinity, reflected as reduced shell growth rate and decreasing weight specific growth rate with falling salinity. The shell growth rate was relatively low in the first feeding period compared to the second period, and mussels that were initially exposed to 10 psu, where the growth was low, exhibited fast growth when subsequently exposed to 30 psu, and reversed when 30 psu mussels were exposed to 10 psu. The study showed that mussels are able to adjust growth at changing salinities, and the observed effect of salinity could partly be explained by a temporary shell valve closure after a sudden change in salinity. The specific growth rate of mussels measured in laboratory experiments at salinities between 15 to 25 psu (4.2% to 4.8% d–1) were comparable to the growth of mussels in the field experiment (3.2% to 4.0% d–1) where the salinity varied between 24 and 13 psu during the growth period.

关键词： mussels Mytilus edulis Salinity Effects Growth Rates Condition Index Doubling Time

Immunotoxic potential of aeration lagoon effluents for the treatment of domestic and hospital wastewaters in the freshwater mussel Elliptio complanata

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第5期24卷 781-789页

作者： Francois Gagné Chantale André Marlène Fortier Michel Fournier Fluvial Ecosystem Research Environment Canada Montréal Quebec H2Y 2E7 Canada INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier Laval Québec Canada

Municipal wastewaters are major sources of pollution for the aquatic biota. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of some pharmaceutical products and the immunotoxic potential of a municipal wastewater aeration lagoon for the treatment of the domestic wastewaters of a small town with wastewater inputs from a 400-bed hospital complex. Endemic mussels were collected, caged and placed in the final aeration lagoon and at sites 1 km upstream and 1 km downstream of the effluent outfall in the receiving river for a period of 14 days. The results showed that the final aeration lagoon contained high levels of total coliforms, conductivity and low dissolved oxygen （2.9 mg/L） as well as detectable amounts of trimethoprim, carbamazepine, gemfibrozil, and norfloxacin at concentrations exceeding 50 ng/L. The lagoon effluent was indeed toxic to the mussel specimens, as evidenced by the appearance of mortality after 14 days （10% mortality）, decreased mussel weight-to-shell-length ratio and loss of hemocyte viability. The number of adhering hemocytes, phagocytic activity, total nitrite levels and arachidonic cyclooxygenase activity were significantly higher in mussels placed in the final aeration lagoon. A multivariate analysis also revealed that water pH, conductivity, total coliforms and dissolved oxygen were the endpoints most closely linked with phagocytic activity, the amount of adhering hemocytes and loss of hemocyte viability. In conclusion, exposure of mussels to treated aerated lagoon wastewater is deleterious to freshwater mussels where the immune system is compromised.

关键词： mussels municipal wastewaters immunocompetence inflammation cyclooxygenase activity

Effects of temperature change on mussel,Mytilus

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第3期7卷 312-327页

作者： Mackenzie L.ZIPPAY Brian HELMUTH Environment and Sustainability Program Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA

An increasing body of research has demonstrated the often idiosyncratic responses of organisms to climate-related factors,such as increases in air,sea and land surface temperatures,especially when coupled with non-climatic *** argues that sweeping generalizations about the likely impacts of climate change on organisms and ecosystems are likely less valuable than process-based explorations that focus on key species and *** in the genus Mytilus have been studied for centuries,and much is known of their physiology and *** other intertidal organisms,these animals may serve as early indicators of climate change *** structuring species,their survival has cascading impacts on many other species,making them ecologically important,in addition to their economic value as a food ***,we briefly review the categories of information available on the effects of temperature change on mussels within this *** a considerable body of information exists about the genus in general,knowledge gaps still exist,specifically in our ability to predict how specific populations are likely to respond to the effects of multiple stressors,both climate and non-climate related,and how these changes are likely to result in ecosystem-level *** this genus provides an excellent model for exploring the effects of climate change on natural and human-managed ecosystems,much work remains if we are to make predictions of likely impacts of environmental change on scales that are relevant to climate adaptation.

关键词： climate change mussels Mytilus organismal responses temperature

Flash flood simulation and valve behavior of Mytilus galloprovincialis measured with Hall sensors

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第2期16卷 138-148页

作者： Piero ADDIS Alberto ANGIONI Viviana PASQUINI Angelica GIGLIOLI Valeria ANDREOTTI Stefano CARBONI Marco SECCI Department of Environmental and Life Sciences University of CagliariCagliariItaly Institute of Aquaculture University of StirlingScotlandUK

mussels close their shell as a protective strategy and the quantification of this behavioral marker may represent an alarm signal when they are exposed to environmental *** the present study,we investigated the ability of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to recover and then the resilience or inertia of valve activity after a pulsing exposition to diverse levels of salinity(5,10,20,and 35 PSU as reference value).The trial simulated an event of drastic and sudden reduction of seawater salinity thus mimicking an event of flash flood from intense *** gaping and movements were measured in continuous cycle for 10 days using a customized magnetoelectric device which uses Hall *** showed that under normal conditions of salinity(35 PSU),the general pattern of valve movements was a continuously open state with sporadic spikes indicating a closing *** salinity of 5,PSU mussels reacted by closing their valves,leading to a 77%mortality on the 4th *** salinity of 10,PSU animals were observed with closed valves for the entire duration of the exposure and no mortality occurred,they showed a significant reduction in the valve activity once the reference value of salinity was *** contrast,salinity of 20 PSU did not trigger a significant behavioral ***,there no define rhythms of valve movements were recorded during salinity challenges.

关键词： Hall sensor mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis salinity valve activity

Assessment of Marine Pollution at Bay of Oran, Algeria

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第13期7卷 1010-1016页

作者： Karima Baghdad Abdelaziz Bendraoua Abdelkrim Mohammed Hasnaoui University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella Oran Algeria University of Science and Technology Oran Algeria

This work aims to the assessment of marine pollution in the Bay of Oran, including zinc, copper, iron and lead. These toxic elements represent a real danger to living organisms. Many factors have increased the marine pollution and marine traffic including the transport of hydrocarbons, industrial and domestic discharges and fishing activities, etc. This study shows essentially the bioconcentration of heavy metals in the species Mytilus galloprovincialis, these filter bivalves have a broad geographical distribution in our study area, so they allow us to better estimate the degree of pollution at the Bay of Oran. The study of changes in metal concentrations has marked some important points for, the four metallic elements are present in the flesh of mussels analyzed at the port of Oran. This study is part of assessment of pollution at the coast of western Algeria to protect the marine environment.

关键词： Wastewater Pollution Chemical Pollution Heavy Metals mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis Littora

Phylogenetic Relationships of Japanese Unionoida (Mollusca: Bivalvia) Based on Mitochondrial 16S rDNA Sequences

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2017年第5期9卷 493-509页

作者： Isao Sano Akihisa Shirai Takaki Kondo Jun-Ichi Miyazaki Faculty of Education University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Japan Musashi High School and Junior High School Tokyo Japan Division of Natural Science Osaka Kyoiku University Osaka Japan

Japanese unionoid mussels are classified into 2 families (Margaritiferidae and Unionidae), 12 genera, and 18 species based on the morphological characteristics of both adults and larvae;however, there are some debates regarding their systematics. In this study, we determined mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA sequences (347-bp) for 60 specimens belonging to 18 species and constructed trees to elucidate phylogenetic relationships and evaluate the current systematics of Japanese unionoid mussels. Almost all species formed clades, except for Inversiunio yanagawensis, Sinanodonta lauta, S. japonica, and Margaritifera laevis, even though two or more specimens were collected from distant localities. All genera formed highly supported clades with the exception of the genus Sinanodonta. Phylogenetic relationships obtained in this study supported systematics based on morphological and larval traits. Therefore, the current phylogenetic relationships and systematics of Japanese unionoid mussels are stronger than they were before;now that they are corroborated by genetic data.

关键词： Systematics Molecular Barcoding Endangered Species Conservation East Asian mussels

The Asian Green Mussel <i>Perna viridis</i>(Linnaeus 1758): 20 Years after Its Introduction in Trinidad and Tobago

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2013年第2期3卷 62-65页

作者： Judith Gobin John Agard Janette Madera Azad Mohammed Department of Life Sciences University of the West Indies St Augustine Trinidad and Tobago Laboratories of Analytical Biology Smithsonian Institution Suitland USA

Invasive species are often characterised by the introduction of low numbers of individuals and a small genetic pool which could give rise to a population with a lower genetic diversity than the original population. Perna viridis was first reported on the west coast of Trinidadin1990 inthe Point Lisas Industrial estate. They may have been first introduced either as juvenile free floating mussels (spat) or as adults attached to the hulls of ships. This gregarious species spread rapidly throughout the Caribbean toVenezuela,KingstonHarbor(Jamaica) and by 1999 was reported inTampaBay(Florida). Genetic analysis was done on tissue samples fromTrinidadto determine the genetic similarity of newly collected specimens (2009) with archived specimens (collected 1994). Results suggest that there may not be any genetic variation in the population of Perna viridis, even approximately 20 years after initial colonization. These results suggest that there was no evidence of genetic bottlenecks in the population of P. viridis fromTrinidad.

关键词： Perna viridis Green mussels Trinidad and Tobago Invasive Species