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Origin of the mushroom Stone Forest at the southeastern foot of the Little Sangpu Mountain in eastern Guangdong,China: A palaeo-sea-level indicator or not?

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第3期16卷 487-503页

作者： LI Jian-cheng WANG Wei ZHENG Yan-ming Geography department of Hanshan Normal University Geographic school of South China Normal University

The mushroom Stone Forest, which consists of granite boulders looking like mushrooms with flared sidewalls, is located in eastern Guangdong China, and is a famous scenic spot that draws many tourists each year. The mushroom Stone Forest has been traditionally recognized as a collection of wave erosion landforms and used for the reconstruction of palaeo-sea-level changes along the coastal areas of eastern Guangdong in previous coastal researches. By combining in situ measurements of the aspect,vertical profile and height of boulder sidewalls,palaeo-coastal wave direction estimation, rock density determination, major elemental analysis, and petrographic thin section analysis, this paper presents an alternative origin for the mushroom Stone *** results suggest that wave or wind erosion cannot offer a satisfactory explanation for the formation of the mushroom Stone Forest; The boulders that make up the mushroom Stone Forest originated from the corestones in the granite weathering crusts of the Little Sangpu Mountain; When the debris of the weathering crust was removed, the corestones are perched on rocky outcrops or half-buried by weathering debris beneath the natural land surface;The flared sidewall (concave vertical profile) of the boulders is a particular form developed in the foot zone of a half-buried boulder through increased chemical weathering beneath the land surface. A recent exposed half-buried boulder found in the study area provides convincing evidence to support this argument. Sea water reached the foot of the Sangpu Mountain during the Holocene transgression, but it merely provided a mechanism to erode the weathering debris from the bottom of the mushroom rocks and enhanced salt weathering that created tafoni on the boulders. These findings demonstrate that the boulders of the mushroom Stone Forest are not sea stacks and cannot be served as a palaeo-sea-level indicator.

关键词： Biotite granite mushroom rock Sea level indictor Wave erosion Chemical weathering Little Sangpu Mountain China

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Camptotheca acuminata Decne Residue after Camptothecin Extract as a Substrate to Produce mushroom Spawn

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第6期9卷 835-841页

作者： QIU Dunlian LIU Benhong TANG Ya YANG Zhirong College of Life Sciences Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

Currently in China,no technically and economically viable methods exist to handle large quantities of Camptotheca acuminata Decne residue(CA residue) after camptothecin extract while there is a great demand for low cost alternatives to replace the cottonseed hull-based materials used in commercial mushroom ***,it is of importance for camptothecin extract factories and mushroom producers to explore the utilization of CA residue in mushroom *** conducted a research to study how partially or completely substituting traditional mushroom substrate by CA residue would influence the mycelial growth in mushroom spawn production.5 mushroom strains from 4 species were used in the test,i.e.,oyster mushroom(Pleurotus ostreatu) strains,Zayou No.1 and Xide 33,needle mushroom(Flammulina velutipes) strain Chuanjin No.3,hairy wood ear(Auricularia polytricha) strain Huang Er No.10,and shiitake(Lentinula edodes) strain *** nutrient element composition and heavy metal contents of CA residue were determined to ensure its safety and to determine its appropriate component in the substrate formulation for mushroom spawn *** four substrate formulations(one control-CK,and three treatments,named,T1,T2,T3,) contained 0%,40%,79%,and 100% CA residue,respectively,to allow comparison of the fungal mycelial *** control(CK) was the popularly used formulation in Chinese commercial mushroom production,comprising of 73% cottonseed hulls,10% sawdust,15% wheat bran,1% lime,1% white sugar(percentage by weight).All mushroom spawns of the five strains in the four treatments were incubated under the same *** results showed that mycelia of the five mushroom strains grew significantly faster on the substrates containing CA residue than on the substrate with no CA residue(CK).There were no significant differences in the mycelial growth rate among treatments containing CA residue for the two oyster mushrooms and the needle mushroom,but mycelial growth rate i

关键词： Camptotheca acuminata Decne Residue mushroom Mycelial growth rate

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Genome Assembly and Pathway Analysis of Edible mushroom Agrocybe cylindracea

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2020年第3期18卷 341-351页

作者： Yuan Liang Dengxue Lu Sen Wang Yuhui Zhao Shenghan Gao Rongbing Han Jun Yu Weili Zheng Jianing Geng Songnian Hu CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Gansu Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBejing 100101China

Agrocybe cylindracea,an edible mushroom,is widely cultivated for its abundance of nutrients and flavor,and many of its metabolites are reported to have beneficial roles,such as medicinal effects on tumors and chronical ***,the lack of genomic information has hindered further molecular studies on this ***,we present a genome assembly of *** together with comparative genomics and pathway analyses of Agaricales *** draft,generated from both next-generation sequencing(NGS)and single-molecule real-time(SMRT)sequencing platforms to overcome high genetic heterozygosity,is composed of a56.5 Mb sequence and 15,384 predicted *** mushroom possesses a complex reproductive system,including tetrapolar heterothallic and secondary homothallic mechanisms,and harbors several hydrolases and peptidases for gradual and effective degradation of various carbon *** pathway analysis reveals complex processes involved in the biosynthesis of polysaccharides and other active substances,including B vitamins,unsaturated fatty acids,and ***-seq data show that *** stipes tend to synthesize carbohydrate for carbon sequestration and energy storage,whereas pilei are more active in carbon utilization and unsaturated fatty acid *** results reflect diverse functions of the two anatomical structures of the fruiting *** comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic data,as well as preliminary comparative analyses,provide insights into the molecular details of the medicinal effects in terms of active compounds and nutrient components.

关键词： mushroom Whole-genome sequencing Mating type Nutrients Metabolic pathway

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Nutritious mushroom protein crisp–healthy alternative to starchy snack

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2021年第1期3卷 416-430页

作者： Venkatesh Balan Dianne Novak William Knudson ADaniel Jones Fabiola Maria Iñiguez-Franco Rafael Auras Sungeun Cho Am a Rodgers Bryan Ubanwa Department of Engineering Technology Biotechnology ProgramCollege of TechnologyUniversity of HoustonTX 77479 Sugar LandUSA Product Center Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA School of Packaging College of Agriculture&Natural ResourcesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Poultry Science Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

Global salty snacks category had reached USD 137 billion in sales in *** to growing health concerns and awareness,consumers are looking for healthy snack choices by avoiding ingredients such as fat,sugar,cholesterol,and sodium and selecting baked and salt free multigrain chips.A sizable number of consumers are concerned about snack nutrition and look for quality ingredients and minimally processed foods called as“Good Health Snack(GHS)”.In this work,we present the development of method of producing and testing mushrooms protein crisps(MPC),a healthy alternative to conventional starchy snacks that are rich in protein,nutraceutical compounds,minerals,vitamin,dietary fiber,and immunity inducing *** methods of producing MPC with different seasoning and hydrolyzed protein,calorie,nutritional and chemical composition,consumer response,shelf life after packing and market analysis are *** systematic studies will help to market potential of this product which is a healthy alternative to other calorie rich snacks sold in the market benefiting the consumers.

关键词： Healthy diet mushroom Starch Obesity Diabetes Cholesterol

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Predictors of poor outcomes in patients with wild mushroom-induced acute liver injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第7期23卷 1262-1267页

作者： Taerim Kim Danbi Lee Jae Ho Lee Yoon-Seon Lee Bum Jin Oh Kyoung Soo Lim Won Young Kim Department of Emergency Medicine University of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical Center Department of Gastroenterology Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of Medicine

To identify early predictive markers of poor outcomes in patients with acute liver injury from wild mushroom *** observational, retrospective record review involved adults aged ≥ 18 years admitted to emergency department with mushroom intoxication from January 2005 to December 2015. The diagnosis of mushroom intoxication was based on the following: (1) a positive history of recent wild mushroom intake (either raw or cooked); (2) the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms, such as watery diarrhea, vomiting, and/or abdominal pain, after ingestion; and (3) the exclusion of other possible causes of acute liver injury. Acute liver injury was defined by a > 5-fold elevation of liver enzymes or moderate coagulopathy [international normalized ratio (INR) > 2.0]. Clinical and laboratory findings were compared in survivors and *** 93 patients with mushroom intoxication, 23, 11 men (47.8%) and 12 women (52.2%), of median age 61 years, developed acute liver injury. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 43.5% (10/23). Among the laboratory variables, mean serum alkaline phosphatase (73.38 ± 10.89 mg/dL vs 180.40 ± 65.39 mg/dL, P 5 mg/dL or aPTT > 50 s on day 3 *** of bilirubin concentrations and aPTT may help in predicting clin

关键词： mushroom Liver Outcome Intoxication Bilirubin

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Cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac arrest related to mushroom poisoning: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第16期7卷 2330-2335页

作者： Shu Li Qing-Bian Ma Ci Tian Hong-Xia Ge Yang Liang Zhi-Guo Guo Cheng-Duo Zhang Bei Yao Jia-Ning Geng Fran Riley Department of Emergency Medicine Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Cardiology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Laboratory Medicine Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Emergency Medicine Maimonides Medical CenterBrooklynNY 11219United States

BACKGROUND mushroom exposure is a global health *** manifestations of mushroom poisoning (MP) may *** species have been reported as rhabdomyolytic,hallucinogenic,or gastrointestinal *** or even fatal MPs are mostly attributable to Amanita phalloides,with the development of severe liver or renal *** injury and even cases mimicking ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have been previously reported,while cardiac arrhythmia or cardiac arrest is not commonly *** SUMMARY We report a 68-year-old woman with MP who suffered from delirium,seizure,long QT syndrome on electrocardiogram (ECG),severe cardiac arrhythmias of multiple origins,and cardiac *** was intubated and put on blood *** kidney and liver functions were intact;creatine kinase-MB was mildly elevated,and then fell within normal range during her hospital *** sent the mushrooms she left for translation elongation factor subunit 1α,ribosomal RNA gene sequence,and internal transcribed spacer sequence *** were four kinds of mushrooms identified,two of which were found to be *** This is the first time that we found cardiac toxicity caused by Panaeolus subbalteatus and Conocybe lactea,which were believed to be toxic to the liver,kidney,and *** suggest that intensive monitoring and ECG follow-up are essential to diagnose prolonged QT interval and different forms of tachycardia in MP patients,even without the development of severe liver or renal *** mechanisms need to be further investigated and clarified based on animal experiments and molecular signal pathways.

关键词： mushroom poisoning Arrhythmia Cardiac arrest Seizure Case report

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Novel wild edible mushroom Astraeus hygrometricus(Pers.)Morgan induces robust apoptosis on human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells through a RONS-subsisted mitochondria-dependent pathway

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第1期11卷 67-77页

作者： Amrita Pal Ribhu Ray Anirban Chouni Subhadip Hajra Santanu Paul Department of Botany University of CalcuttaKolkata 700019India Department of Cancer Chemoprevention Chittaranjan National Cancer InstituteKolkata 700026India

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effects of the novel wild edible mushroom Astraeus hygrometricus(Pers.)Morgan(***)on human acute lymphoblastic leukemia ***:Extensive screening of the antiproliferative and chemopreventive potential of different extracts from 5 wild mushrooms,***,Phallus sp.,Lentinus sp.,Tricholoma sp.,and Serpula *** performed against a panel of 6 cancer cell lines and normal cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)*** determination,cell cycle profiling,intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)and reactive nitrogen species(RNS),and mitochondrial membrane potential were analyzed by flow *** activity of caspases was measured colorimetrically,and the expression pattern of mitochondrial proteins was ***:The methanol extract of *** and MOLT-4 cells were identified as the most potent extract exhibiting antiproliferative activity and most sensitive cell line,*** mushroom extract induced robust selective apoptosis in MOLT-4 cells and arrested cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 *** extract disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced ROS production in MOLT-4 *** methanol extract induced apoptosis by downregulating the expression of Bcl-2,increasing the expression of Bax,and activating the caspase ***:The novel wild edible mushroom is a potential repository of biomolecules for the development of antileukemic drugs.

关键词： mushroom Astraeus hygrometricus(Pers.)Morgan Apoptosis Antileukemic

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Effects of Pressurized Argon and Krypton Treatments on the Quality of Fresh White mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 1191-1200页

作者： Camel Lagnika Min Zhang Mohanad Bashari Fatoumata Tounkara State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China Ecole Nationale des Sciences et Technique de Conservation et Transformation des Produits Agricoles de Sakété Université d’Agri- culture de Kétou Kétou Benin.

Effects of argon, krypton and their mixed pressure treatments on the quality of white mushrooms were studied during 9 days of storage at 4℃. Among all treatments in this study, the minimum respiration rate, polyphenoloxidase activity, retained color change, antioxidants and delayed pseudomonas growth were observed with pressure argon (5 MPa) followed by mixing argon and krypton (2.5 MPa each) treatments. Respiration rates after 9 days of storage were 5.35%, 6.20%, 7.50%, 7.60%, 7.91% and 8.95% for HA5, HAK, HA2, HK5, HK2 and control, respectively. DPPH inhibition percentages of free radical for HA5, HAK, HK5, HA2, HK2 and control mushrooms were 28.03%, 25.24%, 24.96%, 21.87%, 20.56% and 19.06%, respectively, after 9 days of storage. The pressurized argon treatment was the most effective compared to pressurized krypton. Thus, application of pressurized argon and krypton treatments could extend the storage life of white mushrooms to 9 days at 4℃.

关键词： Pressurized Argon Krypton Clathrate Hydrates White mushroom Storage

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Study on the Cultivation of Agaricus blazei(Almond mushroom) Grown on Compost Mixed with Selected Agro-Residues

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Advances in Microbiology 2018年第10期8卷 778-789页

作者： Tun Tun Win Shoji Ohga Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

The Agaricus blazei strain (KUMB 1221) from Forest Production Control Laboratory, Kyushu University was grown on the basal media of compost mixed with selected agro-residues (sawdust, woodchips and corncob) in the ratio of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% (by weight). The data was collected on the colony diameter of mycelial growth, days required for spawn run (colonization), days required for primordial formation, whiteness measurement, days required for fruit body formation, number, size and fresh weight of mushrooms, biological efficiency (BE) and mushroom production (MP). It was observed that the mycelial growth showed two types of mycelia according the level of mycelial density;compact (C) and somewhat compact (SC). The fastest spawn run (17 days) was found in woodchips (50%) among all the different treatments while the least spawn run took 26 days in corncob (75%). Sawdust substrates promoted longer days for primordial formation and fruit body development, if compared with woodchips substrates and corncob substrates. With regard to yield, 100%, 75% and 50% mixture with compost were superior to 25% mixture with compost in each group of selected agro-residues and it indicated that adding more compost gave the increased yield. Interestingly, it was noted that mushroom size on compost (100%) was double to the mushroom size of other treatments. In conclusion, it was clearly showed that compost (100%), woodchips (25%) and corncob (25%) could produce better yields among all treatments, and it was also possible to obtain acceptable yields of good quality almond mushroom using main substrates of compost mixed with different agro-residues at various concentrations.

关键词： Agaricus blazei mushroom Cultivation Agro-Residues Compost Substrate

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Birch Sap (Betula alba) and Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) Extracts Show Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and DNA Protection/Repair Activity In Vitro

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2019年第2期9卷 188-205页

作者： Mohamed Softa Giuseppe Percoco Elian Lati Pauline Bony INDERMA Dermatological Laboratory Ivry sur SeineFrance BIO-EC Laboratory LongjumeauFrance

OBJECTIVE: The skin interacts strictly with the surrounding environment. Despite an efficient system of protection, its integrity is continuously assaulted by a massive group of external stresses. UV irradiations represent one of the most harmful factors for the cutaneous tissue. Both UV-A and UV-B can induce deep modifications of the different layers of the skin, including a weakening of its barrier function properties, DNA damages and degradation of the extracellular matrix. The aim of this project was to assess the UV protection activity of two natural compounds, the birch sap from Betula alba and organic extract from Inonotus obliquus (chaga mushroom) used separately or in a complex. METHODS: The anti-oxidant (ROS and MDA quantification, catalase and SOD activity measurement), anti-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and INF-γ dosages) and the DNA protection/repair activities (DNA lesion site analysis) of birch sap and chaga mushroom extracts tested separately or in a complex containing organic birch sap 5% and Inonotus obliquus extracts 2% were evaluated in vitro after exposure of cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts or reconstructed epidermis to UV-A/UV-B irradiations. RESULTS: We observed that birch sap from Betula alba and extracts from Inonotus obliquus prevent the formation of ROS and decrease the oxidative stress induced under UV irradiations, suggesting a strong anti-oxidant activity. In addition, the tested products showed an immunomodulatory effect by reducing the quantity of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon UV irradiations. UV-induced DNA damages of keratinocytes were also reduced by birch sap and chaga mushroom extracts. CONCLUSION: Here, for the first time, we have shown the photo-protection activity of extracts obtained from Betula alba and Inonotus obliquus mushroom on skin cells exposed to UV-A and UV-B irradiations. Due to their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and DNA protection/repair activities, the tested products represent promisi

关键词： Birch Sap Chaga mushroom UV Irradiations Oxidative Stress Photo-Aging Natural Compounds

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