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Diagnostic ability of multi-detector spiral computed tomography for pathological lymph node metastasis of advanced gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2020年第4期12卷 435-446页

作者： Zhi-Yong Jiang Shinichi Kinami Naohiko Nakamura Takashi Miyata Hideto Fujita Hiroyuki Takamura Nobuhiko Ueda Takeo Kosaka Department of Surgical Oncology Kanazawa Medical University1-1 DaigakuUchinada-machiKahoku-gunIshikawa 920-0293Japan

BACKGROUND The reliability of preoperative nodal diagnosis of advanced gastric cancer by multi-detector spiral computed tomography(MDCT)is still *** To examine the diagnostic ability of MDCT more precisely by using data on intranodal pathological metastatic *** A total of 108 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent MDCT and curative gastrectomy at Kanazawa Medical University Hospital were enrolled in this *** nodal sizes measured on computed tomography(CT)images were compared with the pathology results.A receiver-operating characteristic curve was constructed,from which the critical value(CV)was calculated by using the data of the first 69 patients *** using the CV,sensitivity and specificity were calculated with prospectively collected data from 39 consecutive *** enabled a more precise one-to-one correspondence of lymph nodes between CT and pathological examination by using the size data of lymph node *** intranodal pathological metastatic patterns were classified into the following four types:Small nodular,peripheral,large nodular,and *** Although all the cases were clinically suspected as having metastasis,81 had lymph node metastasis and 27 had no *** number of dissected,detected on CT,and metastatic nodes were,4241,897,and 801,*** CV obtained from the receiver-operating characteristic was 7.6 mm for the long *** sensitivity was 91.4%and the specificity was 47.3%in the prospective *** large nodular and diffuse metastases were easy to diagnose becausemetastatic nodes with a large axis often exhibit these *** The ability of MDCT to contribute to a nodal diagnosis of advanced gastric cancer was examined prospectively with precise size data from node mapping,using a CV of 7.6 mm for the long axis that was calculated from the retrospectively collected *** sensitivity was as high as 91%,and would be improved when referring to the en

关键词： Advanced gastric cancer Lymph node metastasis multi-detector spiral computed tomography Pathological diagnosis

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multi-detector Row Computed Tomography Urography (MDCTU) in the Evaluation of Microscopic Hematuria in Adults

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Open Journal of Radiology 2015年第1期5卷 20-27页

作者： Mohamed A. Mahmoud Mustafa Z. Mahmoud Mohammed A. Ali Omer Mohamed E. M. Garalnabi Ahmed Abukonna Maram A. Fagiri Basic Sciences Department College of Medical Radiological Sciences Sudan University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan Radiology and Medical Imaging Department College of Applied Medical Sciences Salman Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Radiologic Technology College of Applied Medical Sciences Qassim University Al-Qassim Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Department College of Medical Radiological Sciences Sudan University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan

multi-detector row computed tomography urography (MDCTU) becomes the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of the kidneys and urinary tract. The aim of this study was to discuss and illustrate the role of MDCTU, on a 32-row CT scanner in the evaluation a variety of entities that were frequently associated with microscopic hematuria in adults. This prospective cohort study was performed in the period of August 2013 to October 2014. Fifty positive participants to microscopic hematuria were examined at the radiology department of Alnilin Diagnostic Medical Center and Antalya Medical Center. Computed tomography urography (CTU) scanning was performed using two powerful performances, high speed multi-detector row on 32-row CT scanners (Siemens Healthcare Global, Somatom Emotion Duo Eco). Statistical analysis was done through the standard Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) version 15 for windows. MDCTU established the correct cause of microscopic hematuria in (44;88%) of participants. In (6;12%) of participants, no cause of hematuria was identified based on the standard of references. The causes of hematuria in (41;82%) participants were diseases in the upper urinary tract, while urinary bladder neoplasms (2;4%) and diverticulum (1;2%) were the causes of hematuria (3;6%) in the lower urinary tract. Thirty two-row MDCTU scanner demonstrated satisfactory results in the investigation of microscopic hematuria, being able to demonstrate a wide spectrum of diseases affecting the urinary tract is the main advantage of the technique.

关键词： Hematuria Imaging Three-Dimensional multi-detector Computed Tomography Urologic Diseases

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multi-detector CT features of acute intestinal ischemia and their prognostic correlations

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World Journal of Radiology 2014年第5期6卷 130-138页

作者： Marco Moschetta Michele Telegrafo Leonarda Rella Amato Antonio Stabile Ianora Giuseppe Angelelli DIM Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine Section of Diagnostic Imaging University of Bari Medical School70124 Bari Italy

Acute intestinal ischemia is an abdominal emergency occurring in nearly 1% of patients presenting with acute abdomen. The causes can be occlusive or non occlusive. Early diagnosis is important to improve survival rates. In most cases of late or missed diagnosis, the mortality rate from intestinal infarction is very high, with a reported value ranging from 60% to 90%. multidetector computed tomography(MDCT) is a fundamental imaging technique that must be promptly performed in all patients with suspected bowel ischemia. Thanks to the new dedicated reconstruction program, its diagnostic potential is much improved compared to the past and currently it is superior to that of any other noninvasive technique. The increased spatial and temporal resolution, high-quality multi-planar reconstructions, maximum intensity projections, vessel probe, surface-shaded volume rending and tissue transition projections make MDCT the gold standard for the diagnosis of intestinal ischemia, with reported sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 64%-93%, 92%-100%, 90%-100% and 94%-98%, respectively. MDCT contributes to appropriate treatment planning and provides important prognostic informationthanks to its ability to define the nature and extent of the disease. The purpose of this review is to examine the diagnostic and prognostic role of MDCT in bowel ischemia with special regard to the state of art new reconstruction software.

关键词： multi-detector computed tomography Bowel ischemia Mesenteric infarction

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Usefulness of an Anisotropic Diffusion Method in Cerebral CT Perfusion Study Using multi-detector Row CT

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2015年第3期5卷 106-116页

作者： Kenya Murase Takafumi Nanjo Yoshifumi Sugawara Masaaki Hirata Teruhito Mochizuki Department of Medical Physics and Engineering Division of Medical Technology and Science Faculty of Health Science Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Osaka Japan Department of Radiology Graduate School of Medicine Ehime University Ehime Japan

Purpose: To present an application of the anisotropic diffusion (AD) method to improve the accuracy of the functional images of perfusion parameters such as cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV) and mean transit time (MTT) generated from cerebral CT perfusion studies using multi-detector row CT (MDCT). Materials and Methods: Continuous scans (1 sec/rotation ×60 sec) consisting of four 5-mm-thick contiguous slices were acquired after an intravenous injection of iodinated contrast material in 6 patients with cerebrovascular disease using an MDCT scanner with a tube voltage of 80 kVp and a tube current of 200 mA. New image data were generated by thinning out the above original images at an interval of 2 sec or 3 sec. The thinned-out images were then interpolated by linear interpolation to generate the same number of images as originally acquired. The CBF, CBV and MTT images were generated using deconvolution analysis based on singular value decomposition. Results: When using the AD method, the correlation coefficient between the MTT values obtained from the original and thinned-out images was significantly improved. Furthermore, the coefficients of variation of the CBF, CBV and MTT values in the white matter significantly decreased as compared to not using the AD method. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the AD method is useful for improving the accuracy of the functional images of perfusion parameters and for reducing radiation exposure in cerebral CT perfusion studies using MDCT.

关键词： Anisotropic Diffusion Method Cerebral CT Perfusion Study multi-detector Row CT Radiation Exposure

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Predictive Factors of the Presence and Number of Noncalcified Coronary Plaque in Japanese Patients with Zero Coronary Artery Calcium Score Using 64-Slice multi-detector Computed Tomography

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Advances in Computed Tomography 2013年第3期2卷 112-120页

作者： Yoshiki Noda Ryo Matsutera Yoshinori Yasuoka Kiyoshi Kume Hidenori Adachi Susumu Hattori Ryo Araki Motohiro Kosugi Yasuaki Kohama Tetsufumi Nakashima Tatsuya Sasaki Cardiovascular Division Osaka Minami Medical Center National Hospital Organization Osaka Japan

Background: Factors that can predict the presence and number of noncalcified coronary plaques (NCP) in Japanese patients with zero coronary artery calcium scores (CACS) essentially remain undefined. Methods and Results: We assessed independent predictors of the presence and number of segments with NCP in 111 Japanese patients with zero CACS who underwent 64-slice multi-detector computed tomography at our hospital. Thirty five patients (32%) had NCP, and 24 patients (22%) had ≥ 2 NCPs. multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that significant predictors for the presence of NCP were age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01 - 1.11, p = 0.021), male (OR: 3.61, 95% CI 1.40 - 9.35, p = 0.008) and diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.10, 95% CI 1.02 - 9.45, p = 0.046), and those for the presence of ≥ 2 NCPs were age (OR: 1.08, 95% CI 1.02 - 1.15, p = 0.007) and a current smoking habit (OR: 5.09, 95% CI 1.00 - 25.74, p = 0.049). multiple linear regression analysis identified advanced age, male gender and diabetes mellitus as independent predictors of the number of NCPs. A novel score calculated from the above four predictors showed moderate accuracy for a diagnosis of NCP and ≥ 2 NCPs, with areas under receiver operating curves of 0.738 and 0.736, respectively. Conclusions: Male Japanese patients with zero CACS, advanced age, diabetes mellitus and a current smoking habit might have NCPs.

关键词： Zero Coronary Artery Calcium Score Number of Noncalcified Coronary Plaque 64-Slice multi-detector Computed Tomography Japanese Patients

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Optimization of Contrast Material Dose for Abdominal multi-detector Row CT: Predicting Patient Lean Body Weight by Using Preliminary Transverse CT Images

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Advances in Computed Tomography 2014年第1期3卷 1-10页

作者： Antonino Guerrisi Daniele Marin Huiman Barnhart Lisa Ho Thomas L. Toth Carlo Catalano Rendon C. Nelson Department Department of Radiological Sciences University of Rome Sapienza Rome Italy Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Duke Clinical Research Institute Durham USA Department of Radiology Duke University Medical Center Durham USA G.E. Medical Systems Milwaukee USA

Estimated LBW could be used to determine the contrast material dose and rate during MDCT. The aim of this study is to test the accuracy of a technique for estimation of lean body weight (LBW) from a single multi-detector row computed tomographic (MDCT) abdominal image, using a bioelectrical body composition analyzer scale as the reference standard. CT images of 21 patients with previously measured LBW (mLBW) were processed using computer-assisted, vendor-specific software (Advantage Windows 4.2;GE Healthcare, Inc). For each transverse image, a fat-fraction was automatically measured as the number of fat pixels (-200 to -50 HU) divided by the total number of pixels having an attenuation value ≥-200 HU. Estimated LBW (eLBW) of five single contiguous sections was calculated in each of three abdominal regions (upper abdomen, mid abdomen and pelvis) by multiplying TBW by (1 – fat-fraction). Bland-Altman plot with limits of agreement was used to assess agreement between mLBW and eLBW. The mean mLBW for all patients was 56 kg (range, 39 - 75 kg). Mean differences and limits of agreement between mLBW and eLBW measurements for the upper abdomen, mid abdomen and pelvis reported were -8.9 kg (-25.6 kg, +7.5 kg), -10.6 kg (-27.7 kg, +6.4 kg), and +0.5 kg (-12.8 kg, +13.8 kg) respectively. eLBW deriving directly from a transverse CT image of the pelvis can accurately predict mLBW.

关键词： Lean Body Weight multi-detector CT Contrast Dose

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A spontaneous strangulated transomental hernia: Prospective and retrospective multi-detector computed tomography findings

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World Journal of Radiology 2014年第2期6卷 26-30页

作者： Luigi Camera Angela De Gennaro Margaret Longobardi Stefania Masone Emanuela Calabrese Walter Del Vecchio Giovanni Persico Marco Salvatore Department of Radiology University "Federico II" Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (C.N.R.) University "Federico II" Department of General and Geriatric Surgery University "Federico II"

Transomental hernias are among the rarest type of all internal hernias which overall account for less than 6% of small bowel obstructions. Most transomental hernias occurring in adults are either iatrogenic or post-traumatic. More rarely, a spontaneous herniation of small bowel loops may result from senile atrophy of the omentum. We report a case of an 86-year-old male who presented with signs and symptoms of small bowel obstruction but had no past surgical or traumatic abdominal history. At contrast-enhanced multi-detector row computed tomography(CT), a cluster of fluid-filled dilated small bowel loops could be appreciated in the left flank, with associated signs of bowel wall ischemia. Swirling of the mesenteric vessels could also be appreciated and CT findings were prospectively considered consistent with a strangulated small bowel volvulus. At laparotomy, no derotation had to be performed but up to 100 cm of gangrenous small bowel loops had to be resected because of a transomental hernia through a small defect in the left part of the greater omentum. Retrospective reading of CT images was performed and findings suggestive of transomental herniation could then be appreciated.

关键词： Small bowel obstruction Internal hernias Transomental hernia multi-detector row computed tomography Strangulation

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Current status of low dose multi-detector CT in the urinary tract

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World Journal of Radiology 2011年第11期3卷 256-265页

作者： Mi Kim Sung Sarabjeet Singh Mannudeep K Kalra Myongji Hospital Kwandong University522 Naegok-dongGangneung-siGangwon-do 220-801South Korea Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Imaging Harvard Medical School55 Fruit StBostonMA 02114United States

Over the past several years,advances in the technical domain of computed tomography(CT) have influenced the trend of imaging modalities used in the clinical evaluation of the urinary *** collecting systems can be illustrated more precisely with the advent of multi-detector row CT through thinner slices,high speed acquisitions,and enhanced longitudinal spatial resolution resulting in improved reformatted coronal *** the other hand,a significant increase in exposure to ionizing radiation,especially in the radiosensitive organs,such as the gonads,is a concern with the increased utilization of urinary tract *** this article,we discuss the strategies and techniques availablefor reducing radiation dose for a variety of urinary tractCT protocols with metabolic clinical *** also reviewed CT for hematuria evaluation and related scan parameter optimization such as,reducing the number of acquisition phases,CT angiography of renal donors and lowering tube potential,when possible.

关键词： Hematuria evaluation Low dose computedtomography multi-detector row computed tomography Renal donor computed tomography angiography Urinary tract imaging

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Contrast enhanced multi-detector CT and MR findings of a well-differentiated pancreatic vipoma

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World Journal of Radiology 2014年第10期6卷 840-845页

作者： Luigi Camera Rosa Severino Antongiulio Faggiano Stefania Masone Gelsomina Mansueto Simone Maurea Rosa Fonti Marco Salvatore Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences Diagnostic Imaging Section University "Federico Ⅱ"80131 Naples Italy Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (C.N.R.) 80131 Naples Italy Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Endocrinology Section University "Federico Ⅱ"80131 Naples Italy Department of Gastro-enterology Endocrinology and Surgery University "Federico Ⅱ"80131 Naples Italy Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences Pathology Section University "Federico Ⅱ"80131 Naples Italy

Pancreatic vipoma is an extremely rare tumor accounting for less than 2% of endocrine pancreatic neoplasms with a reported incidence of 0.1-0.6 per million. While cross-sectional imaging findings are usually not specific, exact localization of the tumor by means of either computed tomography(CT) or magnetic resonance(MR) is pivotal for surgical planning. However, cross-sectional imaging findings are usually not specific and further characterization of the tumor may only be achieved bysomatostatin-receptor scintigraphy(SRS). We report the case of a 70 years old female with a two years history of watery diarrhoea who was found to have a solid, inhomogeneously enhancing lesion at the level of the pancreatic tail at Gadolinium-enhanced MR(Somatom Trio 3T, Siemens, Germany). The tumor had been prospectively overlooked at a contrast-enhanced multi-detector CT(Aquilion 64, Toshiba, Japan) performed after i.v. bolus injection of only 100 cc of iodinated non ionic contrast media because of a chronic renal failure(3.4 mg/mL) but it was subsequently confirmed by SRS. The patient first underwent a successful symptomatic treatment with somatostatin analogues and was then submitted to a distal pancreasectomy with splenectomy to remove a capsulated whitish tumor which turned out to be a well-differentiated vipoma at histological and immuno-histochemical analysis.

关键词： Pancreatic endocrine tumor Vasoactive intestinal peptide multi-detector computed tomography Contrast induced nephropathy Magnetic resonance imaging Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy

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The utility of coronary computed tomography angiography in elderly patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2019年第7期16卷 507-513页

作者： Jordan Laggoune Nitesh Nerlekar Kiran Munnur Brian SH Ko James D Cameron Sujith Seneviratne Dennis TL Wong Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre Monash University and MonashHeartMonash HealthClaytonVictoriaAustralia South Australian Health Medical Research Institute AdelaideAustralia

Background Coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA)is often avoided in elderly patients due to a presumption that a high proportion of patients will have heavily calcified plaque limiting an accurate *** sought to assess the image quality,luminal stenosis and utility of CCTA in elderly patients with suspected coronary artery disease(CAD)and stable chest *** Retrospective analysis of elderly patients(>75 years)who underwent 320-detector row CCTA between 2012–2017 at *** CCTA was analysed for degree maximal coronary stenosis by CAD-RADS classification,image quality by a 5-point Likert score(1-poor,2-adequate,3-good,4-very good,5-excellent)and presence of artefact limiting *** 1011 elderly patients(62%females,78.8±3.3 years)were *** risk factor prevalence included:hypertension(65%),hyperlipidaemia(48%),diabetes(19%)and smoking(21%).The CCTA was evaluable in 68%of patients which included 52%with non-obstructive CAD(50%)*** Likert score was 3.1±0.6 corresponding to good image *** the 323(32%)of patients with a non-interpretable CCTA,80%were due to calcified plaque and 20%due to motion *** gender(P=0.009),age(P=0.02),excess motion(P78 years of age are significantly less likely to have interpretable scans.

关键词： Coronary artery calcium Coronary CT angiography multi-detector row CT The elderly

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