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moxibustion of Zusanli(ST36)and Shenshu(BL23)alleviates the inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis in rats through regulating macrophage migration inhibitory factor/glucocorticoids signaling

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第2期44卷 353-361页

作者： ZHANG Linlin ZHONG Yumei LU Wenting SHANG Yanan GUO Yanding LUO Xiaochao CHEN Yang LUO Kun HU Danhui YU Huiling ZHOU Haiyan Acupuncture and moxibustion College Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075China Department of Painology First People's Hospital of ChengduChengdu 610095China Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Centre West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610044China Traditional Chinese Medicine College Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China External treatment center First People's Hospital of ChengduChengdu 610095China

OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that moxibustion may inhibit rheumatoid arthritis(RA)synovial inflammation by regulating the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)/glucocorticoids(GCs).METHODS:Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=10 each):blank Control(CON)group,RA Model(RA)group,moxibustion(MOX)group,MIF inhibitor(S,R)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid methyl ester(ISO-1)group,and moxibustion+MIF inhibitor ISO-1(MOX+ISO-1)group.Rats in the ISO-1 group and ISO-1+MOX group were intraperitoneally injected with the inhibitor ISO-1.The rats in the RA group,ISO-1 group,MOX group,and ISO-1+MOX group were injected with Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA)in the right hind footpad to establish an experimental RA rat model.In the MOX group and MOX+ISO-1 group,rats were treated with Moxa.The thickness of the footpads of the rats in each group was measured at three-time points before,after modeling and after moxibustion treatment.The contents of serum MIF,corticosterone(CORT),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;and the contents of synovial MIF were detected by Western blot.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining method was used to observe the pathological changes of synovial tissue under a section light microscope,and pathological scoring was performed according to the grading standard of the degree of synovial tissue disease.RESULTS:moxibustion was found to reduce the level of MIF and alleviate inflammation in RA rats in this study.In addition,after inhibiting the expression of MIF,the level of CORT increased,and the level of TNF-α decreased.Treating RA rats with inhibited MIF by moxibustion,the level of CORT was almost unchanged,but the level of TNF-α further decreased.The correlation analysis data suggested that MIF was positively related to the expression of TNF-α and negatively correlated with the expression of CORT.CONCLUSION:Reducing MIF to increase CORT and decrease TNF-α by moxibustion

关键词： rheumatoid arthritis macrophage migration inhibitory factor moxibustion corticosterone glucocorticoids

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moxibustion alleviates decreased ovarian reserve in rats by restoring the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第2期20卷 163-172页

作者： Hong-xiao Li Ling Shi Shang-jie Liang Chen-chen Fang Qian-qian Xu Ge Lu Qian Wang Jie Cheng Jie Shen Mei-hong Shen College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and TuinaNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina School of Traditional Chinese Medicine&School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Objective:moxibustion,a common therapy in traditional Chinese medicine,has potential benefits for treating decreased ovarian reserve(DOR).The present study investigates the protective effect of moxibustion in a rat model of DOR and explores the possible mechanisms.Methods:Sixty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups:control,DOR,moxibustion(MOX),and hormone replacement therapy(HRT).The DOR rat model was established by intragastric administration of 50 mg/kg Tripterygium glycoside suspension(TGS),once daily for 14 days.MOX and HRT treatments were given from the day TGS administration was initiated.The ovarian reserve function was evaluated by monitoring the estrus cycle,morphological changes in ovaries,levels of serum estradiol(E2),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),and anti-Mullerian hormone(AMH),pregnancy rate and embryo numbers.Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nickend-labeling staining was used to identify ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis,while the protein and m RNA expressions of Bax,B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3 K)and protein kinase B(AKT)in ovarian tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry,Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Results:Compared with the DOR group,MOX improved the disordered estrous cycle,promoted follicular growth,reduced the number of atresia follicles,increased the concentrations of serum E2 and AMH,and decreased serum FSH and LH concentrations.More importantly,the pregnancy rate and embryo numbers in DOR rats were both upregulated in the MOX treatment group,compared to the untreated DOR model.Further,we found that the MOX group had reduced apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells,increased Bcl-2 expression and reduced expression of Bax.Furthermore,the PI3 K/AKT signaling pathway was triggered by the moxibustion treatment.Conclusion:moxibustion improved ovarian function and suppressed apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells in a rat model of DOR induced by TG

关键词： Decreased ovarian reserve moxibustion Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Protein kinase B Apoptosis Infertility

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moxibustion improves experimental colitis in rats with Crohn's disease by regulating bile acid enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第2期21卷 194-204页

作者： Jia-cheng Shen Qin Qi Dong Han Yuan Lu Rong Huang Yi Zhu Lin-shan Zhang Xiu-di Qin Fang Zhang Huan-gan Wu Hui-rong Liu Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200030China Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian Shanghai 200030China

Objective:This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of intestinal inflammation and barrier repair in Crohn’s disease(CD)regulated by moxibustion through bile acid(BA)enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor(FXR).Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group,CD model group,mild moxibustion group and herb-partitioned moxibustion group.CD model rats induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid were treated with mild moxibustion or herb-partitioned moxibustion at Tianshu(ST25)and Qihai(CV6).The changes in CD symptoms were rated according to the disease activity index score,the serum and colon tissues of rats were collected,and the pathological changes in colon tissues were observed via histopathology.Western blot,immunohistochemistry(IHC)and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the improvement of moxibustion on intestinal inflammation and mucosal barrier in CD by the BA-FXR pathway.Results:Mild moxibustion and herb-partitioned moxibustion improved the symptoms of CD,inhibited inflammation and repaired mucosal damage to the colon in CD rats.Meanwhile,moxibustion could improve the abnormal expression of BA in the colon,liver and serum,downregulate the expression of interferon-γand upregulate the expression of FXR mRNA,and inhibit Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)and myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)mRNA.The IHC results showed that moxibustion could upregulate the expression of FXR and mucin2 and inhibit TLR4 expression.Western blot showed that moxibustion inhibited the protein expression of TLR4 and MyD88 and upregulated the expression of FXR.Immunofluorescence image analysis showed that moxibustion increased the colocalization sites and intensity of FXR with TLR4 or nuclear factor-κB p65.In particular,herb-partitioned moxibustion has more advantages in improving BA and upregulating FXR and TLR4 in the colon.Conclusion:Mild moxibustion and herb-partitioned moxibustion can improve CD by regulating the enterohepatic circulation stability of BA,activating colonic F

关键词： Crohn’s disease moxibustion Bile acid Farnesoid X receptor Colitis Intestinal mucosal barrier

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moxibustion regulates T-regulatory/T-helper 17 cell balance by modulating the microRNA-221/suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 axis in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第5期20卷 453-462页

作者： Chuang Zhao Xiao-yan Li Zun-yuan Li Miao Li Zhi-dan Liu Department of Acupuncture Baoshan Branch of Shuguang HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201999China Department of Acupuncture Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western MedicineShanghai 201999China

Objective Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)progression is associated with the balance of T-regulatory(Treg)and T-helper 17(Th17)cells,while the role of microRNAs(miRs)in regulating Treg/Th17 cell balance has not been clarified.This study aimed to assess whether moxibustion could regulate Treg/Th17 cell balance by modulating the miR-221/suppressor of cytokine signaling 3(SOCS3)axis in the RA mouse model.Methods A mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)was established in male DBA/1J mice.Twenty-two days after CIA induction,the mice received daily treatment with moxibustion for 12 times.Pathological scores were assessed according to the levels of synovial hyperplasia.The expression levels of cytokines interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),IL-17 and IL-10 were analyzed in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The cluster of differentiation 4(CD4+)splenocytes was analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting.The expression levels of RA-related miRs and target genes were subsequently detected,and the target of miR-221 was confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay.Results It was revealed that moxibustion treatment decreased the pathological scores and downregulated the expression levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,IFN-γand IL-17,while upregulated the expression level of IL-10.The Treg/Th17 cell balance was regulated by moxibustion treatment.The expression level of miR-221 was suppressed by moxibustion treatment.Furthermore,SOCS3 was found as the direct target of miR-221,which mediated the function of moxibustion by regulating the Treg/Th17 cell balance.Conclusion moxibustion therapy regulated the Treg/Th17 cell balance by modulating the miR-221/SOCS3 axis in the RA mouse model.

关键词： Rheumatoid arthritis moxibustion MicroRNA-221 Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 T-regulatory/T-helper 17 cell balance

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moxibustion treatment modulates the gut microbiota and immune function in a dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis rat model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第28期24卷 3130-3144页

作者： Qin Qi Ya-Nan Liu Xiao-Ming Jin Lin-Shuang Zhang Cun Wang Chun-Hui Bao Hui-Rong Liu Huan-Gan Wu Xiao-Mei Wang Yueyang Clinical Medical College Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437China Stark Neurosciences Research Institute and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control Hangzhou 310052Zhejiang ProvinceChina Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Meridian Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200030China

AIM To investigate the effect and mechanism of moxibustion in rats with ulcerative colitis.METHODS A rat colitis model was established by administering 4% dextran sulphate sodium solution. Seventy male rats were randomly divided into seven groups: Healthy controls(HC), ulcerative colitis model group(UC), UC with 7 d of moxibustion(UC-7), UC with 14 d of moxibustion(UC-14), UC with mesalazine gavage(UC-W), HC with 7 d of moxibustion(HC-7), HC with 14 d of moxibustion(HC-14). moxibustion was applied to the bilateral Tianshu(ST25). Gut microbiome profiling was conducted by 16 S r RNA amplicon sequencing, and PCR and ELISA determined the expression of inflammatory cytokines in colon mucosa and serum, respectively. RESULTS moxibustion treatment restored the colonic mucosa and decreased submucosal inflammatory cell infiltration in colitis rats. Rats treated with moxibustion and mesalazine had significantly lower levels of the dominant phyla Proteobacteria and the genera Saccharibacteria, Sphingomonas and Barnesiella than colitis rats, and they could restore the microbiome to levels similar to those observed in healthy rats. UC rats had reduced alpha diversity, which could be alleviated by moxibustion therapy, and UC-7 had a higher alpha diversity than UC-14. This finding suggests that short-term(7 d) but no longer term(14 d) moxibustion treatment may significantly affect the gut microbiome. The potential bacterial functions affected by moxibustion may be ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Compared with HC group, the levels of the cytokines interleukin-12(IL-12)(P moxibustion.CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that moxibustion exerts its therapeutic effect by repairing mucosal

关键词： Ulcerative colitis moxibustion 16S rRNA Gut microbiome Inflammatory cytokine

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艾灸预处理降低RhoA/ROCK信号表达预防哮喘大鼠肺炎

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World Journal of Acupuncture-moxibustion 2022年第3期32卷 230-236页

作者：郑海珍邱祺熊俊陈骏管灵聪江西中医药大学附属医院中国江西南昌330009 江西中医药大学研究生院中国江西南昌330009

Objective:To determine whether pretreatment moxibustion prevents asthma by down-regulating the lung RhoA/ROCK pathway in rats with bronchial asthma and benignly mediating the lung inflammatory response.Methods:Twenty Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into normal control group(C),asthma model group(M),suspended moxibustion 40 min+asthma group(SM40),and suspended moxibustion 10 min+asthma group(SM10).Ovalbumin was used as a sensitizer.The two moxibustion groups completed moxibustion treatment lasted 40 min or 10 min respectively 30 min before modeling onset,and was repeated five times in each modeling cycle,for a total of 15 times.Samples were harvested on day 30.Results:Lung impairment was significant in the M group,whereas pretreatment with SM10 and SM40 dramatically attenuated the injury.After modeling,mRNA expression of RhoA and ROCK2 in the lung tissue was significantly higher than that in C group(both Pmoxibustion pretreatment significantly prevented pulmonary inflammation in asthmatic rats,potentially via inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK pathway.The efficacty of moxibustion appeared to be significantly associated with the duration of intervention with moxibustion.

关键词： moxibustion Asthma RhoA/ROCK pathway Prevention Inflammation

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moxibustion for COVID-19:a systematic scoping review

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Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine 2022年第3期2卷 162-171页

作者： Meng Xia Bo Pang Shaowei Yi Xinjue Shan Shizhe Deng Yinan Qin Tao Jiang Hai Lu Alberta College of Acupuncture&Traditional Chinese Medicine AlbertaCanada Evidence-based Medicine Center Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina Department of Acupuncture and moxibustion First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and moxibustion TianjinChina School of Acupuncture-moxibustion and Tuina Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangChina Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina

Objective:moxibustion has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.However,there is no systematic review of current topics and clinical findings on moxibustion for COVID-19.We conducted this scoping review to systematically summarize and analyze the themes and findings of published articles,and to provide an overview of current knowledge and practice of moxibustion for COVID-19.Methods:PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,SinoMed,Wan Fang Data,and VIP databases were searched from inception until April 2022.The relevant data were presented through bar graphs,structured tables,and figures along with descriptive statistics and analysis.This scoping review was conducted based on the PRISMA-ScR Checklist.Results:A total of 76 articles were reviewed:47 reviews,19 clinical research studies,seven systematic reviews(all were protocols),and three guidelines.All the studies were conducted by Chinese researchers and published from January 1,2020 to March 14,2022.The feasibility of moxibustion in the prevention and treatment of mild or moderate COVID-19 is based on the consensus of therapeutic mechanisms and effectiveness.The most adopted approach was the suspended and gentle moxibustion,and the most frequently applied or recommended acupoints were found to be ST36,CV8,CV6,CV4,CV12,GV14,BL13,LI4,ST25,and LR3.Conclusions:As a convenient and safe traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)therapy with its specific feature,moxibustion has been significantly effective at ameliorating mild or moderate symptoms among COVID-19 patients.Further large-scale,welldesigned research and international cooperation are still warranted in clinical evaluations of moxibustion.

关键词： COVID-19 moxibustion Scoping review

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第4期21卷 354-360页

作者： Amir Mohammad Jaladat Mahdi Alizadeh Vaghasloo Fatemeh Atarzadeh Mohammad Hossein Ayati Amir Hooman Kazemi Emine Akin Mohammad Hashem Hashempur Department of Persian Medicine School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz ***Iran Department of Traditional Medicine School of Persian MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Department of History of Medicine School of Traditional MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran International School Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Alkali Life Center Healthy Life&Consultancy and EducationAtas ehir-Istanbul 34750Turkey Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine Department of Persian MedicineSchool of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShiraz ***Iran

Kaiy(medieval cautery)is an ancient method of heat therapy in traditional Persian medicine(TPM).Some of its important applications have been neglected during the medical revolution.Meanwhile,different treatment modalities that incorporate heat,including moxibustion,have progressed in traditional Chinese medicine.In this study,we reviewed the main TPM textbooks that were written specifically in the field of kaiy.We considered the traditional teachings in the context of contemporary information,gathered from the scientific literature about moxibustion and modern cauterization.Some surgical therapeutic indications of kaiy(e.g.,debridement and coagulative procedures)have been advanced by the innovation of electro-cauterization.However,those therapeutic applications that were based on the TPM humoral theory for relieving body coldness or myofascial pains—which are similar to moxibustion usages—have not received the same attention.Apart from the broad similarities of kaiy and moxibustion as thermal therapies with similar indications,there is a striking correspondence between kaiy point mapping and acupoints.Therefore,further research on different kaiy aspects is recommended.

关键词： Traditional Persian medicine moxibustion Chinese medicine Kaiy Medieval cautery Fire acupuncture

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moxibustion Therapy in Traditional Mongolian Medicine

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第9期24卷 707-712页

作者： Tae-Hun Kim Do-Hoon Kim Seong Gyu Lee College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul 202447 Republic of Korea Department of Medical Classics and History Gachon University Seongnam 213120 Republic of Korea College of Humanities Dankook University Cheonan 231116 Republic of Korea

From the medical history of traditional Eastern Asian and Tibetan medicine, the origin and development of moxibustion seems to be closely related to Mongolia. To explore the current clinical practice of moxibustion in Mongolia, we visited a teaching hospital, the Traditional Medical Science, Technology and Production Corporation of Mongolia, in February 2014. Many types of moxibustion are found to be used, and various modalities and methods are practiced based on the principles of traditional Mongolian medicine. In particular, Mongolian drug moxibustion, which uses small butter-warmed bags packed with powdered aromatic herbs instead of moxa cones, is a unique moxibustion technique not found in other countries. In this paper, we introduce the clinical practice of moxibustion, specifically Mongolian drug moxibustion in Mongolia.

关键词： traditional Mongolian medicine moxibustion Mongolian drug moxibustion

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Effects of moxibustion at bilateral Feishu(BL13)and Xinshu(BL15)combined with benazepril on myocardial cells apoptosis index and apoptosis-related proteins cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor in rats with chronic heart failure

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2022年第2期42卷 227-233页

作者： WANG Wei LI Qingling MA Qiang XIA Ran GAO Bing WANG Yi WANG Jing College of Chinese Medicine Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei 230012China Graduate school Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei 230012China College of Acupuncture and Massage Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei 230012China Xin’an Medical Key Laboratory Anhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei 230012China

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of moxibustion at bilateral Feishu(BL13)and Xinshu(BL15)combined with benazepril on myocardial cells apoptosis index,the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins cytochrome c(Cyt-C)and apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF)in chronic heart failure(CHF)rats.METHODS:Sixty-five rats were randomly divided into normal group(n=10)and model-I group(n=55).After modeling,CHF rats in model-I group were divided into model group,moxibustion group,benazepril group,moxibustion plus benazepril group(abbreviated as aibei group,the same below),10 rats in each group.Echocardiogram index was examined by echocardiography.Hemodynamic indices were measured by rat cardiac function meter.Serum B-type brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)was detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay.Myocardial cells apoptosis index was detected by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling staining.Pathological changes of myocardial tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining.The expression levels of Cyt-C and AIF in myocardial tissues were detected by Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with normal group,ejection fraction and left ventricular diameter shortening rate in model-Ⅰgroup were significantly reduced,myocardial cells of rats in model group exhibited unclear transverse striations,cells swellings and vacuoles,cardiac functions were deteriorated,serum BNP level,myocardial cells apoptosis index,and the expression levels of Cyt-C and AIF were significantly increased.Compared with model group,myocardial cells of rats in moxibustion group,benazepril group,and aibei group were dyed more evenly,muscle fibers were arranged relatively neatly,cardiac functions were improved,serum BNP level,myocardial cells apoptosis index,and the expression levels of Cyt-C and AIF were significantly decreased.Compared with aibei group,cardiac functions were worsened,myocardial cells apoptosis index,and the expression levels of Cyt-C and AIF were increased.CONCLUSION:moxibustion at bilateral Feishu(BL13)and Xinshu(BL1

关键词： heart failure moxibustion point BL13(Feishu) point BL15(Xinshu) cytochromes c apoptosis inducing factor

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