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motor competence and health-related fitness in children:A cross-cultural comparison between Portugal and the United States

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 130-136页

作者： Carlos Luz Rita Cordovil Luis Paulo Rodrigues Zan Gao Jacqueline D.Goodway Ryan S.Sacko Danielle R.Nesbitt Rick C.Ferkel Larissa K.True David F.Stodden Escola Superior de Educaeao de Lisboa Instituto Politecnico de Lisboa & CIED CIPER Faculdade de Motricidade Humana Universidade de Lisboa Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer de Melgaqo Instituto Politecnico de Viana do Castelo Research Center in Sports Health and Human Development (CIDESD) School of Kinesiology The University of Minnesota Department of Human Sciences The Ohio State University Department of Health and Human Performance Department of Physical Education University of South Carolina Physical Education & Sport Central Michigan University Kinesiology Department State University of New York at Cortland

Background: motor competence and health-related fitness are important components for the development and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle in children. This study examined cross-cultural performances on motor competence and health-related fitness between Portuguese and U.S.children.Methods: Portuguese(n = 508; 10.14 § 2.13 years, mean § SD) and U.S.(n = 710; 9.48 § 1.62 years) children performed tests of cardiorespiratory fitness(Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run), upper body strength(handgrip), locomotor skill performance(standing long jump), and object projection skill performance(throwing and kicking). Portuguese and U.S. children were divided into 2 age groups(6à9 and 10à13 years) for data analysis purposes. A twoàfactor oneàway analysis of covariance(ANOVA) was conducted with the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run, handgrip, standing long jump scores, kicking, and throwing speed(km/h) as dependent variables.Results: Results indicated that Portuguese children, irrespective of sex, presented better performances in locomotor and cardiorespiratory performance(standing long jump and Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run) than U.S. children in both age bands. U.S. children outperformed Portuguese children during throwing and handgrip tests. Kicking tests presented gender differences: Portuguese boys and U.S. girls outperformed their internationally matched counterparts.Conclusion: Cultural differences in physical education curricula and sports participation may impact differences in motor competence and fitness development in these countries.

关键词： Children Cross-cultural comparison Health-related fitness motor competence

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motor function outcomes of pediatric patients with hemiplegic cerebral palsy after rehabilitation treatment:a diffusion tensor imaging study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第4期10卷 624-630页

作者： Jin Hyun Kim Yong Min Kwon Su Min Son Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation School of MedicineYeungnam University

Previous diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） studies regarding pediatric patients with motor dys-function have conifrmed the correlation between DTI parameters of the injured corticospinal tract and the severity of motor dysfunction. There is also evidence that DTI parameters can help predict the prognosis of motor function of patients with cerebral palsy. But few studies are re-ported on the DTI parameters that can relfect the motor function outcomes of pediatric patients with hemiplegic cerebral palsy after rehabilitation treatment. In the present study, 36 pediatric patients with hemiplegic cerebral palsy were included. Before and after rehabilitation treatment, DTI was used to measure the ifber number （FN）, fractional anisotropy （FA） and apparent dif-fusion coefifcient （ADC） of bilateral corticospinal tracts. Functional Level of Hemiplegia scale （FxL） was used to assess the therapeutic effect of rehabilitative therapy on clinical hemiplegia. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the statistical interrelationship between the change amount of DTI parameters and FxL. DTI ifndings obtained at the initial and follow-up evalua-tions demonstrated that more affected corticospinal tract yielded signiifcantly decreased FN and FA values and signiifcantly increased ADC value compared to the less affected corticospinal tract. Correlation analysis results showed that the change amount of FxL was positively correlated to FN and FA values, and the correlation to FN was stronger than the correlation to FA. The results suggest that FN and FA values can be used to evaluate the motor function outcomes of pediatric patients with hemiplegic cerebral palsy after rehabilitation treatment and FN is of more signiif-cance for evaluation.

关键词： nerve regeneration cerebral palsy corticospinal tract diffusion tensor hemiplegia motor rehabilitation neural regeneration

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A Review of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Studies of motor and Cognitive Function in Preterm Infants

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第3期36卷 321-329页

作者： Quan Wang Guang-Pu Zhu Li Yi Xin-Xin Cui Hui Wang Ru-Yi Wei Bing-Liang Hu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Spectroscopy of Xi’an Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China Child Study Center Yale School of MedicineYale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Preterm infants are vulnerable to brain injuries,and have a greater chance of experiencing neurodevelopmental disorders throughout development. Early screening for motor and cognitive functions is critical to assessing the developmental trajectory in preterm infants, especially those who may have motor or cognitive deficits. The brain imaging technology functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS) is a portable and low-cost method of assessing cerebral hemodynamics, making it suitable for large-scale use even in remote and underdeveloped areas. In this article, we review peer-reviewed, scientific f NIRS studies of motor performance, speech perception, and facial recognition in preterm infants. f NIRS provides a link between hemodynamic activity and the development of brain functions in preterm infants. Research using fNIRS has shown different patterns of hemoglobin change during some behavioral tasks in early infancy. fNIRS helps to promote our understanding of the developmental mechanisms of brain function in preterm infants when performing motor or cognitive tasks in a less-restricted environment.

关键词： Functional near infrared spectroscopy Preterm infant motor performance Speech perception Facial recognition Cerebral hemodynamics

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motor inhibition efficiency in healthy aging: the role of γ-aminobutyric acid

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第5期14卷 741-744页

作者： Lisa Pauwels Celine Maes Lize Hermans Stephan P.Swinnen KU Leuven Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group Department of Movement Sciences Group Biomedical Sciences Leuven Brain Institute (LBI)

The ability to cancel a motor response is critical for optimal functioning in various facets of daily life. Hence, efficient inhibitory motor control is a key function throughout the lifespan. Considering the fact that inhibitory motor function gradually declines with advancing age, it is not surprising that the study of motor inhibition in this age group is gaining considerable interest. In general, we can distinguish between two prominent types of motor inhibition, namely proactive and reactive inhibition. Whereas the anticipation for upcoming stops(proactive inhibition) appears readily preserved at older age, the ability to stop an already planned or initiated action(reactive inhibition) generally declines with advancing age. The differential impact of aging on proactive and reactive inhibition at the behavioral level prompts questions about the neural architecture underlying both types of inhibitory motor control. Here we will not only highlight the underlying structural brain properties of proactive and reactive inhibitory control but we will also discuss recent developments in brain-behavioral approaches, namely the registration of neurochemical compounds using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This technique allows for the direct detection of the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, i.e., γ-aminobutyric acid, across the broader cortical/subcortical territory, thereby opening new perspectives for better understanding the neural mechanisms mediating efficient inhibitory control in the context of healthy aging. Ultimately, these insights may contribute to the development of interventions specifically designed to counteract age-related declines in motor inhibition.

关键词： proactive inhibition reactive inhibition motor inhibition healthy aging gamma-aminobutyric acid magnetic resonance spectroscopy GABA inhibitory neurotransmitter neuroimaging

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motor Fault Diagnosis Based on Short-time Fourier Transform and Convolutional Neural Network

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2017年第6期30卷 1357-1368页

作者： Li-Hua Wang Xiao-Ping Zhao Jia-Xin Wu Yang-Yang Xie Yong-Hong Zhang School of Information and Control Nanjing University ofInformation Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China School of Computer and Software Nanjing University ofInformation Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Network Monitoring Center of Jiangsu Province NanjingUniversity of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044 China

With the rapid development of mechanical equipment, the mechanical health monitoring field has entered the era of big data. However, the method of manual feature extraction has the disadvantages of low efficiency and poor accuracy, when handling big data. In this study, the research object was the asynchronous motor in the drivetrain diagnostics simulator system. The vibration signals of different fault motors were collected. The raw signal was pretreated using short time Fourier transform （STFT） to obtain the corresponding time-frequency map. Then, the feature of the time-frequency map was adap- tively extracted by using a convolutional neural network （CNN）. The effects of the pretreatment method, and the hyper parameters of network diagnostic accuracy, were investigated experimentally. The experimental results showed that the influence of the preprocessing method is small, and that the batch-size is the main factor affecting accuracy and training efficiency. By investigating feature visualization, it was shown that, in the case of big data, the extracted CNN features can represent complex mapping relationships between signal and health status, and can also overcome the prior knowledge and engineering experience requirement for feature extraction, which is used by tra- ditional diagnosis methods. This paper proposes a new method, based on STFT and CNN, which can complete motor fault diagnosis tasks more intelligently and accurately.

关键词： Big data Deep learning Short-time Fouriertransform Convolutional neural network motor

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Effects of neural stem cell transplantation on the motor function of rats with contusion spinal cord injuries:a meta-analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第4期15卷 748-758页

作者： Kai Qian Tuo-Ye Xu Xi Wang Tao Ma Kai-Xin Zhang Kun Yang Teng-Da Qian Jing Shi Li-Xin Li Zheng Wang Department of Neurosurgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Intensive Care Unit the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Huangshan City People’s HospitalHuangshanAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Jintan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu UniversityJintanJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gerontology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Objective:To judge the efficacies of neural stem cell(NSC)transplantation on functional recovery following contusion spinal cord injuries(SCIs).Data sources:Studies in which NSCs were transplanted into a clinically relevant,standardized rat model of contusion SCI were identified by searching the PubMed,Embase and Cochrane databases,and the extracted data were analyzed by Stata 14.0.Data selection:Inclusion criteria were that NSCs were used in in vivo animal studies to treat contusion SCIs and that behavioral assessment of locomotor functional recovery was performed using the Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan lo-comotor rating scale.Exclusion criteria included a follow-up of less than 4 weeks and the lack of control groups.Outcome measures:The restoration of motor function was assessed by the Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale.Results:We identified 1756 non-duplicated papers by searching the aforementioned electronic databases,and 30 full-text articles met the inclusion criteria.A total of 37 studies reported in the 30 articles were included in the meta-analysis.The meta-analysis results showed that transplanted NSCs could improve the motor function recovery of rats following contusion SCIs,to a moderate extent(pooled standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.73;95%confidence interval(CI):0.47–1.00;Pmotor function recovery(SMD=0.45;95%CI:0.21–0.70).However,shorter periods between the contusion induction and the NSC transplantation sh

关键词： Basso,Beattie,and Bresnahan locomotor rating scale cell transplantation meta-analysis motor functional recovery neural regeneration neural stem cell neural stem cell transplantation rat model spinal contusion spinal cord injury

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Influence of spinal cord injury on core regions of motor function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 567-572页

作者： Xiao-Yan Shen Chun-Ling Tao Lei Ma Jia-Huan Shen Zhi-Ling Li Zhi-Gong Wang Xiao-Ying Lü School of Information Science and Technology Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Institute of RF and OE-ICs Southeast UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Southeast UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Functional electrical stimulation is an effective way to rebuild hindlimb motor function after spinal cord injury.However,no site map exists to serve as a reference for implanting stimulator electrodes.In this study,rat models of thoracic spinal nerve 9 contusion were established by a heavy-impact method and rat models of T6/8/9 spinal cord injury were established by a transection method.Intraspinal microstimulation was performed to record motion types,site coordinates,and threshold currents induced by stimulation.After transection(complete injury),the core region of hip flexion migrated from the T13 to T12 vertebral segment,and the core region of hip extension migrated from the L1 to T13 vertebral segment.Migration was affected by post-transection time,but not transection segment.Moreover,the longer the post-transection time,the longer the distance of migration.This study provides a reference for spinal electrode implantation after spinal cord injury.This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Nantong University,China(approval No.20190225-008)on February 26,2019.

关键词： model motor neurological function rat recovery repair spinal cord injury

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Mechanisms by which fibroblast growth factor 20 improves motor performance in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第8期14卷 1438-1444页

作者： Ai-Qin Wang Li-Na Kong Ming-Zhu Meng Xiu-He Zhao Si Chen Xiao-Tang Wang Qilu Hospital of Shandong University

Genome-wide studies have reported that Parkinson's disease is associated with abnormal expression of various growth factors. In this study, male C57BL/6 mice aged 10 weeks were used to establish Parkinson's disease models using an intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg 1-methyl- 4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. 28 days later, 10 or 100 ng fibroblast growth factor 20 was injected intracerebroventricularly. The electrophysiological changes in the mouse hippocampus were recorded using a full-cell patch clamp. Expression of Kv4.2 in the substantia nigra was analyzed using a western blot assay. Serum malondialdehyde levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The motor coordination of mice was evaluated using the rotarod test. The results showed that fibroblast growth factor 20 decreased A-type potassium current in neurons of the substantia nigra, increased long-term potentiation amplitude in the hippocampus, and downregulated Kv4.2 expression. A high dose of fibroblast growth factor 20 reduced serum malondialdehyde levels and enhanced the motor coordination of mice. These findings confirm that fibroblast growth factor 20 has a therapeutic effect on the toxicity induced by l-methyl-4-phenyl-l,2,3s6-tetrahydropyridine, and its mechanism of action is associated with the inhibition of A-type K^+ currents and Kv4.2 expression. All animal procedures were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, China in 2017 (approval No. KYLL-2017-0012).

关键词： nerve regeneration Parkinson's disease l-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine fibroblast growth factor 20 A-type potassium current long-term potentiation Kv4.2 oxidative stress malondialdehyde motor performance neural regeneration

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The effect of the CHAMP intervention on fundamental motor skills and outdoor physical activity in preschoolers

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 98-105页

作者： Kara K.Palmer Katherine M.Chinn Leah E.Robinson Child Movement Activity and Developmental Heanlth Laboratory University of Michigan Center for Human Growth and Development University of Michigan

Purpose: Physical activity(PA) and fundamental motor skills are important components of current and future trajectories of health in young children. This study examined the effects of a 5-week motor skill intervention on preschoolers' motor skill competence and their PA behaviors while participating in the motor skill intervention or outdoor free play(recess).Methods: A total of 102 preschoolers served as participants and were part of a motor skill intervention group(n = 64) or a control/outdoor free play group(n = 38). Children's motor skills were assessed before and after the intervention using the Test of Gross motor Development-3 rd edition. PA during the motor skill intervention and outdoor free play was assessed using accelerometers both immediately before the start(baseline, Week 0 or Week 1) and end(late, Week 5 or Week 6) of the intervention.Results: All children significantly improved their motor skills from baseline to late assessment(p motor skill intervention demonstrated greater rates of change(p motor skills at the late assessment compared with the control group(p motor skill intervention was effective at improving preschoolers' motor skills and rates of change in motor skills were higher for children who completed the intervention compared with children in the control group. Preschoolers in the intervention did demonstrate PA changes while participating in the intervention, but these change

关键词： Gross motor skills Intervention motor development: Pediatrics Physical activity

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Unsupervised Electric motor Fault Detection by Using Deep Autoencoders

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第2期6卷 441-451页

作者： Emanuele Principi Damiano Rossetti Stefano Squartini Francesco Piazza the Department of Information Engineering Università Politecnica delle Marche Loccioni Group Angeli di Rosora IEEE

Fault diagnosis of electric motors is a fundamental task for production line testing, and it is usually performed by experienced human operators. In the recent years, several methods have been proposed in the literature for detecting faults automatically. Deep neural networks have been successfully employed for this task, but, up to the authors' knowledge, they have never been used in an unsupervised scenario. This paper proposes an unsupervised method for diagnosing faults of electric motors by using a novelty detection approach based on deep autoencoders. In the proposed method, vibration signals are acquired by using accelerometers and processed to extract LogMel coefficients as features. Autoencoders are trained by using normal data only, i.e., data that do not contain faults. Three different autoencoders architectures have been evaluated: the multilayer perceptron(MLP) autoencoder, the convolutional neural network autoencoder, and the recurrent autoencoder composed of long short-term memory(LSTM) units. The experiments have been conducted by using a dataset created by the authors, and the proposed approaches have been compared to the one-class support vector machine(OC-SVM) algorithm. The performance has been evaluated in terms area under curve(AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the results showed that all the autoencoder-based approaches outperform the OCSVM algorithm. Moreover, the MLP autoencoder is the most performing architecture, achieving an AUC equal to 99.11 %.

关键词： Autoencoder convolutional neural networks electric motor fault detection long short-term memory neural networks novelty detection

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