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Seasonal Dynamic of the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Maize Crop in the Sub-Sudanese Zone of Côte d’Ivoire

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第2期12卷 78-92页

作者： Stéphanie Manuela Klamansoni Akissi Konan Laya Kansaye Nondenot Roi Louis Aboua West Africa Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Land Used (WASCAL) Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Rural Polytechnic Institute of Training and Applied Research Katibougou Mali Department of Entomology and Ecosystem Management F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

In Côte d’Ivoire, maize (Zea mays L) is the second most cultivated cereal after rice. Since the first report of Spodoptera frugiperda in Côte d’Ivoire, maize production in the northern regions has been affected resulting in maize production losses. This study aims to study the seasonal dynamic of Spodoptera frugiperda in maize fields in the sub-Sudanese zone, main zone of maize cultivation in Côte d’Ivoire. The study was done using pheromone trap lures. The results revealed a variation in the moth population at various growth stages during rainy and dry seasons. Notably, the highest numbers of moths were consistently trapped during the whorl stage with counts ranging from 131 ± 35.7 during the rainy season to 70.6 ± 15.01 in the dry season. The lowest numbers of moths were observed during pod maturation, with counts ranging from 30.3 ± 13.05 during the rainy season to 11.7 ± 3.05 in the dry season. Between the 7th and 21st days after sowing, the count of moths displayed a consistent upward trajectory, reaching 188 moths during the rainy season. The damages were particularly observed at whorl stage. The relationship between the numbers of moths and some climatic variables revealed a negative correlation between moths numbers and rainfall (r= −0.44) and relative humidity (r= −0.684). In contrast, there were positive relationships with temperature (r = 0.16), highlighting the significant impact of temperature changes on moth population dynamics. The research highlights the need for integrated pest management strategies that consider climatic factors and growth stages of maize to mitigate the impact of this insect pest on maize.

关键词： Spodoptera frugiperda moths Climatic Variables Zea mays

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Moth diversity in three biofuel crops and native prairie in Illinois

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Insect Science 2013年第3期20卷 407-419页

作者： Terry Harrison May R. Berenbaum Department of Entomology University of Ilfinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois USA

The expanding demand for biofuel feedstock may lead to large-scale con- scription of land for monoculture production ofbiofuel crops with concomitant substantial negative impacts on biodiversity. We compared moth diversity in light-trap samples from corn, miscanthus, switchgrass and native prairie, to determine whether there is an observ- able relationship between plant species diversity and moth abundance and diversity. Moth alpha diversity was highest in prairie and was higher in switchgrass than in the other two biofuel crops. Beta diversity generally was low among the biofuel crops, and prairie shared lower beta diversity with switchgrass than with corn or miscanthus. Analysis of variance showed no significant differences in moth abundance per species among treatments. The alpha and beta diversity index findings are consistent with those of other studies on arthro- pods in biofuel crops and provide evidence to suggest that large-scale conversion of acreage to biofuel crops may have substantial negative effects on arthropod biodiversity both within the cropping systems and in the surrounding landscape.

关键词： agricultural landscapes biodiversity bioenergy ecosystem services moths prairies

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Metabolomics reveals the key role of oxygen metabolism in heat susceptibility of an alpine-dwelling ghost moth, Thitarodes xiaojinensis (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae)

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Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 695-710页

作者： Wei Zhu Qian Meng Huan Zhang Meng-Long Wang Xumn Li Hong-Tuo Wang Gui-Ling Zhou Lin Miao Qi-Lian Qin Ji-Hong Zhang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Herpetology Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China

Ghost moths inhabiting the alpine meadows of the Tibetan Plateau are cold? adapted stenothermal organisms that are susceptible to heat (dead within 7 days at 27 °C exposure). Exploring the metabolic basis of their heat susceptibility would extend our understanding of the thermal biology of alpine-dwelling invertebrates. Here, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics was combined with physiological and transcriptional approaches to determine the metabolic mechanisms of heat susceptibility in Thitarodes xiaojinensis larvae. The metabolomics results showed that 27 °C heat stress impaired the Krebs cycle and lipolysis in T. xiaojinensis larvae, as demonstrated by the accumulation of intermediary metabolites. In addition, carbohydrate reserves were highly and exclusively consumed, and an anaerobic product, lactate, accumulated. This evidence suggested a strong reliance on glycolysis to anaerobically generate energy. The respiration rate and enzymatic activity test results indicated a deficiency in O2 metabolism;in addition, the Krebs cycle capacity was not decreased, and the metabolic flux through aerobic pathways was limited. These findings were further supported by the occurrence of hypoxia symptoms in midgut mitochondria (vacuolation and swelling) and increased transcription of hypoxia-induced factor 1-α.Overall, heat stress caused O2 limitation and depressed the overall intensity of aerobic metabolism in ghost moths, and less efficient anaerobic glycolysis was activated to sustain their energy supply. As carbohydrates were depleted, the energy supply became deficient. Our study presents a comprehensive metabolic explanation for the heat susceptibility of ghost moths and reveals the relationship between O2 metabolism and heat susceptibility in these larvae.

关键词： energy metabolism ghost moths metabolomics thermal intolerance oxygen limitation respiration rate

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A taxonomic review of the genus Eoophyla Swinhoe, 1900(Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Acentropinae) from China

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Zoological Systematics 2019年第3期44卷 212-239页

作者： Fuqiang Chen Chunsheng Wu Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Twenty-one species of the genus Eoophyla Swinhoe, 1900 are recognized from China, of which 7 species are described as new to science, namely E. tenuisa sp. nov., E. minisigna sp. nov., E. fusca sp. nov., E. clarusa sp. nov., E. leiokellula sp. nov., E. minita sp. nov. and E. ciliensis sp. nov. Two species, E. peribocalis and E. sejunctalis, are not recorded in this paper as their record were doubted. All adults and their genital structures examined are illustrated. A key to the Chinese species is provided. All type materials are deposited in IZCAS.

关键词： Pyraloidea aquatic moths taxonomy new species

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