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Evaluation of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Landraces for Drought Tolerance Using morphological and Yield characters under Rainfed Conditions of Sub Region Hagaz, Eritrea

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Journal of Botanical Research 2022年第4期4卷 1-11页

作者： Mebrahtom Tesfazghi Tesfamichael Abraha Woldeamlak Araia Nitya Nand Angiras Department of Agronomy Hamelmalo Agricultural College(HAC)KerenEritrea

Sorghum is an important food crop in Eritrea where it is widely grown in the mid and low lands,of semi-arid regions.Eritrea being the center of origin of sorghum,a large variability exist in its landraces being grown by the farmers since generations.In order to improve the productivity of sorghum under moisture stress conditions,it is imperative to evaluate these landraces for drought tolerant characteristics and their use for further crop improvement programmes.Therefore,a field study was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications to estimate the extent of genetic variability of 20 sorghum genotypes for moisture stress tolerance using various morphological,phenological,yield and yield related parameters under rainfed conditions at Hagaz Research Station.Significant difference was observed for almost all the characters in the individual analysis of variance suggesting that these sorghum accessions were highly variable.Accessions EG 537,EG 1257,EG 849,EG 791,EG 783 and EG 813 showed promising results for post flowering drought tolerance,grain yield and stay green traits.Higher PCV and GCV were also obtained in parameters like plant height,leaf area,biomass,peduncle exertion,panicle length,and grain yield and panicle weight.The genotypes also exhibited varying degrees of heritability estimates.characters such as plant height,panicle length,days to flowering and maturity showed higher heritability.Cluster analysis revealed that sorghum landraces were grouped on the basis of their morphological traits and geographical sites.77.3%of the total variation of sorghum landraces was contributed by the first four principal components analysis having Eigen value>1.Overall,the current study confirmed that EG 537,EG 849,EG 1257,EG 791,and EG 813 are drought tolerant sorghum landraces during post flowering stage.

关键词： morphological characters Drought tolerance Genetic variability Principal component analysis and cluster analysis

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Evaluating the morphological characters defining the main classes in Ascomycota based on the phylogeny of rRNA gene cluster

Evaluating the morphological characters defining the main cl...

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2012年中国菌物学会学术年会

作者：苏昊康冀川西南药用生物资源教育部工程研究中心贵州大学农学院

＜正＞At the taxonomic level of class,four main classes namely Sordariomycetes,Pezizomycetes, Dothideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes were classified into Ascomycota based on their taxonomic morphological characters.The key solution of taxonomy in Ascomycota was to confirm whether the taxonomic criteria of morphological characters were consistent with their phylogenetic relationship.In this study,the rRNA gene cluster including 18S,28S,5.8S from Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycetes,Dothideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes were used in the phylogenetic study.And the phylogenetic trees were also constructed to evaluate the taxonomic morphological characters, namely:the type of ascocarp,ascus unitunicate or bitunicate,perithecium with ostiole or closed, apothecium,ascus wall exist in the whole or early period of life time,ascospore with or without septation.The results of preliminary analysis indicated that the morphological classification system of Sordariomycetes and Eurotiomycetes were consistent with their phylogenetic relationship.However the morphological classification system of Pezizomycetes and Dothideomycetes were not consistent with their phylogenetic relationship and were intermediate groups between Sordariomycetes and Eurotiomycetes.The results also showed that rRNA gene cluster including 18S,28S,5.8S could be used in the phylogenetic analysis at the taxonomic levels of class,order and family in Ascomycota.

关键词： Ascomycota taxonomy morphological characters rRNA gene cluster phylogeny

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Occurrence pattern and morphological polymorphism of Chinese weedy rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第1期22卷 149-169页

作者： WANG Hao-quan DAI Wei-min ZHANG Zi-xu LI Meng-shuo MENG Ling-chao ZHANG Zheng LU Huan SONG Xiao-ling QIANG Sheng Weed Research Laboratory College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China

Rice,the main food crop in China,has been sporadically reported to suffer from weedy rice infestation.However,the overall occurrence and distribution pattern of Chinese weedy rice remains unclear because a systematic survey has not been conducted.In order to reveal the infestation of Chinese weedy rice,a field survey was conducted in 999 sampling sites all over the rice-growing regions in China from 2009 to 2016 using seven-scale visual scoring of the level of weed infestation.Weedy rice was found 39%occurrence incidence in a total of 387 sites.The sampling sites with 50%or higher overall weedy rice infestation index mainly radiated from Jiangsu,Heilongjiang,Ningxia and Guangdong to the whole East China,Northeast China,Northwest China and South China.A total of 45 morphological characters from 287 populations(collected simultaneously with the field survey)out of those occurred sites were observed and analyzed using multivariate analysis in common gardens with the same cultivation conditions in 2017 and 2019.Canonical correlation analysis showed that 45 morphological characters were significantly related to the latitude,mean temperature,minimum temperature,precipitation and mean diurnal range factors.The 287 weedy rice populations were divided into three morphological groups with climate-dependent geographical differentiation:strong tiller type only in Jiangsu,large leaf type in South China and Central China and large grain type mainly in North China.Weedy rice seriously infested rice fields and had a geography,climate and cultivated rice type-dependent morphological and biotype differentiation in China.It is suggested to pay attention to the harmfulness of weedy rice and adopt comprehensive control strategies.

关键词： weedy rice infestation morphological characters diversity

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morphological Variations,Distribution and Population Estimation of Indian Spiny Tailed Liza rd(Uromastyx hardwickii Gray,1827)from District Bahawalnagar,Punjab,Pakistan

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第3期11卷 257-262页

作者： Waqas ALI Arshad JAVID Saddam HUSSAIN Ali HUSSAIN Syed Mohsin BUKHARI Department of Wildlife and Ecology University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesLahorePakistan

This study was conducted in selected sites of District Bahawalnagar namely,Shaheed Chowk,Chak40/F,Chak 163/7 R and Fareedkot Tiba between March 2019 and August 2019.Sampling techniques included recording of burrows,flooding,burrow exaction,noose traps and pit fall traps were used to capture Uromast yx hardwickii.During this survey150 individuals were captured from study area for morphological measurement and population estimation.The average snout to vent length(SVL)of male,female and juveniles were(172.50±19.71)mm,(155.50±18.72)mm and(86.25±11.72)mm respectively.The average weight of male,female and juvenile was(93.06±8.56)g,(88.16±7.95)g and(40.16±4.30)g respectively.The relative abundance(Pi)of males,females and juveniles were 0.53,0.33 and 0.13.Indian spiny tailed lizard(U.hardwickii)has been listed in the IUCN Red list and CITES.Major threats to the species in the study area are increase in urbanization,habitat fragmentation,illegal hunting for meat and fat.In this regard strict implementation of the Wildlife act is needed to protect the wildlife of Punjab.Furthermore,comprehensive surveys are required in throughout Punjab to declare conservation status of U.hardwickii.

关键词： habitat morphological characters population Uromastyx hardwickii

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Identity and distribution of weedy Pedicularis kansuensis Maxim. (Orobanchaceae) in Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang：morphological, anatomical and molecular evidence

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第3期8卷 453-461页

作者： SUI Xiaolin Patrick KUSS LI Wenjun YANG Meiqing GUAN Kaiyun LI Airong Yunnan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Wild Plant Resources Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650201 China Institute of Systematic Botany University of Zurich Zurich 8008 Switzerland Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China World Agroforestry Centre East and Central Asia Region Kunming 650201 China

Weedy plants affect the biodiversity and ecosystem function as well as the crop and fodder plant production. However, adequate management requires detailed knowledge of the taxonomic identity of these plants. Here, we focused on a hemiparasitic Pedicularis species（Orobanchaceae）, which occurs at high densities and results in significant biomass reductions in forage grasses in Bayanbulak Grassland of Xinjiang. The identity of this target species is not clear, with conflicting reports in publications and in herbarium collections. Hence, clear and management-relevant information on demography and reproductive ecology is difficult to be obtained from the literature. Therefore, we analyzed field and archival materials collected from Xinjiang in order to clarify the identity and distribution of the target species. morphological analyses suggested that the populations at Bayanbulak Grassland should be Pedicularis kansuensis Maxim. rather than P. verticillata L. which has been accepted in the available literature. Phylogenetic analysis with a combination of three barcodes（mat K, rbc L and trn H-psb A） uniting a clade of P. kansuensis and individuals from Bayanbulak Grassland populations with 100% bootstrap support, confirmed the target species to be P. kansuensis. Anatomical investigations and field observations showed that the target species is an annual or biennial herb, which also fits with the life cycle as P. kansuensis. Based on archive material and field observations, we verified that the distribution of P. kansuensis is mainly concentrated in the Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang.

关键词： DNA barcode herb-chronology morphological characters root hemiparasite

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Molecular phylogenetic analyses redefine seven major clades and reveal 22 new generic clades in the fungal family Boletaceae

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Fungal Diversity 2014年第6期69卷 93-115页

作者： Gang Wu Bang Feng Jianping Xu Xue-Tai Zhu Yan-Chun Li Nian-Kai Zeng MdIqbal Hosen Zhu L.Yang Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesHeilongtanKunming 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No.19AYuquan RoadBeijing 100049China Department of Biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonON L8S 4K1Canada

Mushrooms in the basidiomycete family Boletaceae are ecologically and economically very important.However,due to the morphological complexity and the limited phylogenetic information on the various species and genera of this fungal family,our understanding of its systematics and evolution remains rudimentary.In this study,DNA sequences of four genes(nrLSU,tef1-α,rpb1,and rpb2)were newly obtained from ca.200 representative specimens of Boletaceae.Our phylogenetic analyses revealed seven major clades at the subfamily level,namely Austroboletoideae,Boletoideae,Chalciporoideae,Leccinoideae,Xerocomoideae,Zangioideae,and the Pulveroboletus Group.In addition,59 genus-level clades were identified,of which 22 were uncovered for the first time.These 22 clades were mainly placed in Boletoideae and the Pulveroboletus Group.The results further indicated that the characters frequently used in the morphology-based taxonomy of Boletaceae,such as basidiospore ornamentation,the form of the basidioma,and the stuffed pores each had multiple origins within the family,suggesting that the use of such features for high-level classification of Boletaceae should be de-emphasized and combined with other characters.

关键词： Boletales Chemotaxonomy Convergent evolution morphological characters Multi-gene analyses New subfamilies

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Taxonomic Studies on Some Members of the Genus <i>Abutilon</i>Mill. (Malvaceae)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第2期12卷 199-220页

作者： Dhafer A. Alzahrani Enas J. Albokhari Abrar Khoj Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Sciences King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Applied Sciences Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia

The relationship between six Abutilon species was examined using different taxonomic investigation tools. The investigation was carried out using morphological and numerical studies. Fresh materials of Abutilon species were collected from different localities in Saudi Arabia during 2018 and 2019. Numerical analysis was based on the Principle Coordinates, the Principle Component and the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Algorithm Clustering. The results indicated that there were significant differences based on the morphological characters especially in the leaves, fruits and flowers features. Morphometric studies revealed that the six species of Abutilon clearly separated in all different analysis.

关键词： Taxonomy Malvaceae Abutilon morphological characters Morphometric Analysis UPGMA PCoA PCA

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Correlation and Path Coefficient Analyses in Sugarcane Genotypes of Ethiopia

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第10期7卷 1490-1497页

作者： Esayas Tena Firew Mekbib Amsalu Ayana Sugar Corporation of Ethiopia Research and Training Wonji Ethiopia School of Plant Sciences Haramaya University Haramaya Ethiopia Integrated Seed Sector Development Ethiopia Program Addis Ababa Ethiopia

To study the relations of certain morphological and sugar quality characters with sugarcane yield, an experiment was conducted at Wonji and Metehara Sugar Estates, Ethiopia between March 2012 and October 2013. The experiment, comprising of 400 sugarcane genotypes of which 174 were local that were collected from different regional states of Ethiopia and 226 introduced, was laid out in partial balanced lattice design with two replications. Data was collected on cane yield and its components, sugar yield and sugar quality traits. ANOVA, correlation and path coefficient analysis were done. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences (P characters studied. Cane yield showed strong positive and highly significant (P < 0.01) correlation with millable cane number (r = 0.832), single cane weight (r = 0.528), stalk height (r = 0.517) and sugar yield (r = 0.987). There was also positive significant (P = 0.05) correlation of tiller count and cane diameter with cane yield. Path analysis revealed the highest positive direct effect of millable cane number (0.812) on cane yield followed by single cane weight (0.682) and pol percent (0.550). However, stalk diameter and brix percent had considerable negative direct effects and indirect positive effects through single cane weight on cane yield. Therefore, in view of their significant positive association with cane yield, indirect effects of stalk diameter and brix percent via single cane weight should be considered during selection. Genotypes should be selected on the basis of millable cane number, single cane weight and pol percent for getting higher cane and sugar yield.

关键词： Cane Yield morphological characters Sugar Quality Sugar Yield

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